Proton transversity and intrinsic motion of the quarks

The spin structure of the system of quasifree fermions having total angular momentum $J=1/2$ is studied in a consistently covariant approach. Within this model the relations between the spin functions are obtained. Their particular cases are the sum rules Wanzura - Wilczek, Efremov - Leader - Teryaev, Burkhardt - Cottingham and also the expression for the Wanzura - Wilczek twist 2 term $g_{2}^{WW}$. With the use of the proton valence quark distributions as an input, the corresponding spin functions including transversity are obtained.Comment: Prepared for the conference SPIN200

Relativistic wave equations with fractional derivatives and pseudo-differential operators

The class of the free relativistic covariant equations generated by the fractional powers of the D'Alambertian operator $(\square^{1/n})$ is studied. Meanwhile the equations corresponding to n=1 and 2 (Klein-Gordon and Dirac equations) are local in their nature, the multicomponent equations for arbitrary n>2 are non-local. It is shown, how the representation of generalized algebra of Pauli and Dirac matrices looks like and how these matrices are related to the algebra of SU(n) group. The corresponding representations of the Poincar\'e group and further symmetry transformations on the obtained equations are discussed. The construction of the related Green functions is suggested.Comment: 29 pages, Tex. In the corrected version a small bug in cross-references to some equations is removed. Minor text corrections are done and some references are adde

Kinematics of deep inelastic scattering in leading order of the covariant approach

We study the kinematics of deep inelastic scattering corresponding to the rotationally symmetric distribution of quark momenta in the nucleon rest frame. It is shown that rotational symmetry together with Lorentz invariance can in leading order impose constraints on the quark intrinsic momenta. Obtained constraints are discussed and compared with the available experimental data.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, the version 2 is accepted to Phys.Rev.

Role of gluons and the quark sea in the proton spin

The real, interacting elementary particle always consits of a 'bare' particle and a cloud of virtual particles mediating a self-interaction and/or the bond inside a composite object. In this letter we discuss the question of spin content of the virtual cloud in two different cases: electron and quark. Further, the quark spin is discussed in the context of proton spin, which is generated by the interplay of quarks and virtual gluons. We present a general constraint on the gluon contribution and make a comparison with the experimental data.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, the final and enlarged version is accepted to Phys.Lett.

A statistical analysis of two-dimensional patterns and its application to astrometry

Here we develop a general statistical procedure for the analysis of finite two-dimensional (2D) patterns inspired by the analysis of heavy-ion data. The method is used in the study of publicly available data obtained by the Gaia-ESA mission. We prove that the procedure can be sensitive to the limits of accuracy of measurement, and can also clearly identify the real physical effects on the large background of random distributions. As an example, the method confirms the presence of binary and ternary star systems in the studied data. At the same time, the possibility of the statistical detection of the gravitational microlensing effect is discussed.Comment: 12 pages, 14 figures, 1 table. This version is accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysic