Search-theoretic models of international currency

Money ; International finance

Operaciones mentales y su relación con el rendimiento académico en Matemáticas en estudiantes de octavo año, del Liceo de Miramar

Trabajo final de graduación compuesto de 120 páginas en formato PDF.Se tiene, entonces, que la enseñanza de las Matemáticas conjuga tres elementos que se deben tomar en cuenta: los procedimientos, los conceptos y el simbolismo. Por lo tanto, esta investigación se avoca a escudriñar acerca de procedimientos utilizados por los docentes de Matemática para impartir sus lecciones, la metodología que utilizan los muchachos para aprender, pero, primordialmente, el reconocimiento y relación que existe entre el nivel de las operaciones mentales de los estudiantes y el desempeño escolar en Matemática.Universidad Estatal a Distancia de Costa Ric

Gains from trade and measured total factor productivity

We develop and calibrate a model where di¤erences in factor en-dowments lead countries to trade di¤erent goods, so that the existenceof international trade changes the sectorial composition of output fromone country to another. Gains from trade re ect in total factor produc-tivity. We perform a development decomposition, to assess the impactof trade and barriers to trade on measured TFP. In our sample, themedian size of that e¤ect is about 6.5% of output, with a median of17% and a maximum of 89%. Also, the model predicts that changes inthe terms of trade cause a change of productivity, and that e¤ect hasan average elasticity of 0.71.

Accounting for Changing Inequality in Costa Rica, 1980-1999

After declining from the mid-1970s to the mid-1980s, earnings inequality in Costa Rica stabilized from 1987 to 1992 and then increased from 1992 to 1999. In this paper we use recently-developed techniques to measure the extent to which these changes in earnings inequality were the result of changes associated with the distributions (or .quantities.) of personal and work place characteristics of workers, and the earnings differences (or .prices.) associated with those characteristics. We present evidence that the most important cause of the fall in inequality prior to 1987 was a decline in returns to education, which in turn was caused by an increase in the supply of more-educated workers. We find that the most important causes of rising inequality in the 1990s were the end of this decline in returns to education and increases in the variance of hours worked among workers. Inequality in hours worked increased because of an increase in the proportion of workers working a non-standard work week (part-time or over-time)inequality, Latin America, labor

Measuring Economic and Social Impacts of Migration in Colombia: New evidence

This paper analyses a comprehensive dataset on migration using robust econometric methodologies to assess a range of economic and social impacts of migration on individuals and households left behind. Our findings indicate that there is no significant impact on labour force participation in households with migrants, but remittances do appear to have a negative effect on labour force participation. Migration (either absent or returned) increases total per capita expenditure by nearly US$35 per month while households that receive remittances increase per capita expenditures by US$49 per month on average. Expenditures in health and education also increase. However, there is no effect on school attendance, while individuals living in a household with an absent migrant are almost 4 per cent less likely to state that their health is good. Households with migration experience are around 8 per cent less likely to keep their immediate families together, with this effect particularly pronounced in the sub-group of households with return migrants. Our policy recommendations emphasize the importance of family reunification, and issue that deserves more decisive policy actions on the part of the Colombian government.International Migration, Remittances, Program Evaluation.