Quality of work and employment, industrial relations and restructuring in Turkey.

Despite the rapid economic growth of recent years, Turkey has not been successful in translating this growth into the creation of sufficient numbers of new jobs. Employment grew by only 1.2% in 2005 and by 1.3% in 2006, increasing slightly to just 1.8% in the third quarter of 2007. The country’s unemployment rate has remained at about 10%– 11% for each year since the start of the economic recovery in 2002. Unemployment is particularly high among young people aged 15–24 years, reaching 19% in recent years

Productivity: the impact of privatisation and liberalisation in public services.

This paper analyses the evolution of labour productivity and its sources in Electricity and Gas, Post and Telecommunication, Inland Transport and Health and Social Work sectors of Austria, Belgium, Germany, Poland, Sweden and the UK in the presence of privatisation and liberalisation process from 1970 to 2004. The results showed that although some degree of labour productivity growth achieved in all sectors and countries, there has also been significant employment decreases except for Health and Social Work sector. Productivity increase/employment decrease trend is even stronger in the privatisation and liberalisation era for most countries. Decomposition of labour productivity shows that higher productivity, to some extent, was gained at the expense of employment decrease. Although there have been productivity increases in both pre- and post-privatisation periods, the contribution of employment decrease to productivity growth turned out to be quite significant in the post-privatisation period. This brings about the necessity to question the presumption that privatisation brings about higher productivity

The Determinants of Perceived Health and Labour Force Participation of People with HIV/AIDS in Khayelitsha, South Africa

This paper examines the impact of Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment (HAART) on perceived health and labour force participation of people living with HIV/AIDS in Khayelitsha, South Africa. Cox Proportional Hazard Models with stratum effects for three medical clinics, and Accelerated Failure Time Models with individual specific unobserved shared effects (frailty), are estimated for transitions to improved perceptions of health, and transition in and out of the labour market, using a longitudinal data set. We find that HAART has a positive impact on perceived health, and restored health leads to greater activity in the labour market

Climbing Career Steps: Becoming a Full Professor of Economics

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/73124/1/1467-9442.00075.pd

An outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza (H7n7) in australia and the potential for novel influenza a viruses to emerge

In 2020, several geographically isolated farms in Victoria, Australia, experienced an outbreak of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) virus H7N7 and low pathogenic avian influenza (LPAI) viruses H5N2 and H7N6. Effective containment and control measures ensured the eradication of these viruses but the event culminated in substantial loss of livestock and significant economic impact. The avian HPAI H7N7 virus generally does not infect humans; however, evidence shows the ocular pathway presents a favourable tissue tropism for human infection. Through antigenic drift, mutations in the H7N7 viral genome may increase virulence and pathogenicity in humans. The Victorian outbreak also detected LPAI H7N6 in emus at a commercial farm. Novel influenza A viruses can emerge by mixing different viral strains in a host susceptible to avian and human influenza strains. Studies show that emus are susceptible to infections from a wide range of influenza viral subtypes, including H5N1 and the pandemic H1N1. The emu’s internal organs and tissues express abundant cell surface sialic acid receptors that favour the attachment of avian and human influenza viruses, increasing the potential for internal genetic reassortment and the emergence of novel influenza A viruses. This review summarises the historical context of H7N7 in Australia, considers the potential for increased virulence and pathogenesis through mutations and draws attention to the emu as potentially an unrecognised viral mixing vessel