The effect of extracellular Hsp90β and TGF-β1 on colon cancer biology

The TGF-β signaling pathway is known to be one of the most commonly mutated pathways in human cancers, while Hsp90 is a bone fide drug target that is involved in regulating the conformation and activity of many oncoproteins. The role of intracellular Hsp90 in cancer has thus far been established and there is a growing link between extracellular Hsp90 and cancer metastasis, as well as the role of TGF-β in metastasis. This study aimed to analyse the interaction between Hsp90 (both intracellular and extracellular) and the TGF-β machinery in cancer cells, as well as to determine the effect of these proteins on cellular responses on the biology of cancer cells. This was achieved by studying the expression of Hsp90; TGF-βRII and TGF-β1 in cancer cell lines of various origins using flow cytometry, ELISA, and western blot analysis. The genetically paired SW480 and SW620 colon cancer cell lines, derived from a primary tumour and lymph node metastasis, respectively, were selected for further study due to differences in expression levels and activation of the TGF-β1 pathway. SW480 cells expressed double the level of TGF-βRII compared to SW620 cells, while SW620 expressed two times more extracellular TGF-β1 than SW480 cells. A direct interaction between TGF-β1 and Hsp90β was determined in vitro, and confirmed in vivo in SW620 cells. Growth, adhesion and migration were analysed in SW480 and SW620 cells. SW480 cells adhered significantly faster than SW620 cells, while SW620 cells had a greater rate of migration. Inhibiting the TGF-β pathway, specifically TGF-βRI, using SB 431542, as well as inhibiting Hsp90 with novobiocin, caused an increase in migration in SW480 cells. Only the addition of TGF-β1 in combination with Hsp90 as well as SB 431542 caused an increase in migration in SW620 cells. The canonical TGF-β1/TGF-βRI/TGF-βRII pathway may be constitutively active in SW620 cells and the inhibition of TGF-βRI may suggest an alternate pathway or receptor in both SW480 and SW620 cells

The efficacy of the combination of Nigersan (R) 4X, Citrokehl (R) 10X/30X/200X and Recarcin (R) 4X in the treatment of symptoms experienced with endometriosis

The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of the combination of Nigersan® 4X, Citrokehl® 10X/30X/200X and Recarcin® 4X in the treatment of symptoms experienced with endometriosis. Endometriosis is a gynaecological disorder, where functioning endometrial tissue is present outside the uterine cavity. Symptoms are often associated with severe pain and/or infertility. The aetiology is unknown and there is no cure for endometriosis. This was a double blind study in which a placebo group was compared to an experimental group. Twenty five females with pre-diagnosed endometriosis were analysed over a twelve week period. The participants were randomly divided into two groups, one receiving Nigersan® 4X, Citrokehl® 10X/30X/200X and Recarcin® 4X and the other placebo. This was a subjective study with reference to the participant’s perception of their condition before, during and at the end of the study. Participants were asked to record the following on a daily basis: menstruation, pelvic pain, backache, nausea, vomiting and diarrhoea. The participants were then also asked to rate the following on a monthly basis: energy levels, general wellbeing, dysmenorrhea, pelvic pain, menstrual clotting, menstrual flow, menstrual colour and dyspareunia. All forms and questionairres were then collected at four week intervals and analysed for comparison. The data was statistically analysed using the Analysis of Variance technique and Chi-squared statistics. Results revealed a significant decrease in the average number of days of backache and pelvic pain within the placebo group while the experimental group indicated a significant improvement in energy levels and general wellbeing. Therefore it is concluded that Nigersan® 4X, Citrokehl® 10X/30X/200X and Recarcin® 4X did not significantly alleviate symptoms associated with endometriosis.Dr. N. Wolf Dr. S. Sarawa

Drawing attention: Ways of knowing derived in the movement of the pencil

This book is open access under a CC BY license. This interdisciplinary book contains 22 essays and interventions on rest and restlessness, silence and noise, relaxation and work. This chapter explores interpretations and distortions of the visual world that occur through drawing and mind wandering. Tamarin Norwood’s writing is informed by scientific literature on doodling, fidgeting, concentration and mind wandering considered in the course of her Hubbub research, and draws on chance encounters shared with collaborators in The Hub. These interactions have helped shape the imaginative approach Tamarin takes to her writing, foregrounding the possibility of movement as an impetus for generating new thought

The studio in fine art research

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The gaps in the line: A study of drawing between word and thing

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A fine line: Drawing and the digital ground in the work of Tamarin Norwood

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Etude de capteurs à ondes de Love pour application en milieu liquide. Cas de la détection de bactériophages en temps réel

L'objectif de ces travaux est de montrer la faisabilité d'un immunocapteur (biocapteur) dédié utilisant les ondes acoustiques de Love. Pour cela, une structure multicouche complète tenant compte d'un liquide, a permis de modéliser la propagation et simuler le capteur, notamment en estimant sa sensibilité à l'effet de masse. Puis un dispositif à ondes de Love a été réalisé et caractérisé expérimentalement en fonction des paramètres mécaniques et électriques d'un liquide de test. Les résultats ont permis de valider l'approche théorique générale. Enfin, des expériences de détections biochimiques en milieu liquide ont été réalisées en utilisant les dispositifs à ondes de Love. Pour cela, un modèle immunologique permettant une interaction spécifique du type anticorps (couche sensible) - bactériophage (polluant) a été sélectionné et mis au point. Le suivi en temps réel avec une bonne sensibilité par le capteur des différentes étapes immunologiques a montré tout l'intérêt des capteurs acoustiques à ondes de Love par rapport aux méthodes de mesure classiques de la biochimie analytique.The aim of this research work is to demonstrate the feasibility of specific (bio)chemical detection tests by using acoustic Love wave sensors. For that, a complete multilayered structure taking into account a liquid medium allowed to model the wave propagation and to simulate the sensor, particularly its mass loading effect sensitivity. Then a Love wave device was realized and experimentally characterized according to the mechanical and electrical characteristics of a test liquid. Results allowed to conclude on the validity of the theoretical approach. Lastly, biochemical detection tests in liquid were undertaken with Love wave devices. An immunological model allowing a specific antibody (sensitive layer) - bacteriophage (pollutant) immunoreaction was proposed. The acoustic device allowed to monitor immunological steps in real time, with a good sensitivity. It allowed to show that Love wave sensors represent a very good alternative to traditional biochemistry measurements methods

PANDEMIC COVID 19 APAKAH NOMOPHOBIA MENINGKAT? BAGAIMANA IMPLIKASINYA DALAM BIMBINGAN KONSELING

Pandemic covid 19 membuat mahasiswa lebih banyak menghabiskan harinya dengan handphone. pembelajaran jarak jauh dijadikan alasan untuk lebih banyak menggunakan handphone. tanpa disadari kondisi ini membuat mereka banyak mengalami nomophobia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengungkap bagaimana tingkat nomophobia mahasiswa dimasa pandemic, serta bagaimana implikasi bimbingan konseling terhadap masalah nomophobia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metodologi deskriptif kuantitatif. Penelitian dilakukan di Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Maulana Hasanuddin dengan sampel sebanyak 368 mahasiswa yang dipilih dengan teknik convenience sampling. Data dikumpulkan dengan nomophobia questioner (NPM-Q) versi Indonesia. dengan alfa cronbach 0.93. Hasil penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa 135 mahasiswa memiliki tingkat nomophobia pada kategori tinggi atau sebesar 36.7% dan sebanyak 88 mahasiswa berada pada kategori sangat tinggi atau sebesar 29.3%. Sebanyak 111 mahasiswa kategori sedang dan 34 mahasiswa berada pada kategori rendah atau sebesar 30.2% dan 9.2%. Implikasinya dalam bimbingan konseling, para penderita nomophobia dapat diberikan bimbingan untuk membantu mereka agar bisa lepas dari ketakutan dan kecanduan akan handphone melalui layanan dalam bimbingan konseling. &nbsp

The factors affecting physiotherapy rehabilitation in patients following an open rotar cuff repair

MSc, Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the WitwatersrandIntroduction Rotator cuff tears can cause great impairment of the shoulder joint with debilitating pain and dysfunction. The surgical repair of rotator cuff tears result in an extensive rehabilitation being required. This process can be affected by various demographic, surgical and rehabilitative factors. There appear to be no studies relating these factors to the rehabilitation process. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of partial and full thickness tears seen in one physiotherapy practice over the period of four and a half years. It also was to identify and analyse the factors affecting the amount of physiotherapy following a rotator cuff repair. Methods This was a retrospective record review. It was also a cross sectional correlational study. Results The prevalence of partial and full thickness rotator cuff tears seen over a period of four and a half years in one physiotherapy practice is very similar. Partial thickness tears constituted 46% of the entire sample and full thickness made up 54% of the sample. Four out of eleven factors were found to be associated with the amount of physiotherapy received after a rotator cuff repair. These factors included the age of the patient, whether the patient was injured on duty, iv preoperative physiotherapy and additional procedures after surgery such as a revision of the repair or a manipulation of the shoulder. Conclusion There are only a few factors shown to be associated with the rehabilitation process after a rotator cuff repair. These factors would need to be correlated against outcome in future studies