902 research outputs found
Sakata model of hadrons revisited
46 years ago the quark model replaced the Sakata model as the standard
explanation of the hadron structure. The major alleged defect of the Sakata
model was its prediction of just too many types of particles, which have not
been seen in experiments. However, this allegation was made without detailed
consideration of the forces acting between sakatons. In this article we suggest
a set of pairwise sakaton-sakaton and sakaton-antisakaton potentials that
describe stability and masses of strongly interacting elementary particles in a
good agreement with observations.Comment: 11 pages, 1 figure, 7 table
ELECTRICAL ChARGES AS CATALySTS OF ChEMICAL REACTIONS ON A SOLID SuRFACE
Purpose. To determine the change dependency of the potential energy of the chemical bond of a diatomic molecule on the value of the point charge and its distance to the bond using quantum mechanical calculation.
Methodology. Numerical simulation of a quantum mechanical system consisting of a point charge and a diatomic
molecule interacting with each other.
Findings. The quantum-mechanical problem of the effect of an external Coulomb center on the chemical bond of
diatomic molecules is solved.
Originality. A quantum mechanical model of a physical system consisting of three interacting Coulomb centers
(there is a chemical bond between two of them) is developed. The model makes it possible to understand the dynamics of the interaction of a molecule with an ion, the charge of which can be characterized by either integers or fractional numbers. The change in the energy of the chemical bond in the ion field depending on the distance to the bond
and the magnitude of the charge is established.
Practical value. The developed technique for calculating the energy of a chemical bond as a function of the magnitude of the electric charge was used in the development of the method for growing single crystals of metastable diamond, in calculating the limits of the chemical bond stability in metal azides, in developing the way of additional
harmful gases formation during rock blasting and in calculating the stability of nanoscale hydrocarbon chains in coal,
and others. The method can be used to decide on the catalyst and control the catalytic reactions
Moving unstable particles and special relativity
In Poincare-Wigner-Dirac theory of relativistic interactions, boosts are
dynamical. This means that - just like time translations - boost
transformations have non-trivial effect on internal variables of interacting
systems. This is different from space translations and rotations, whose actions
are always universal, trivial and interaction-independent. Applying this theory
to unstable particles viewed from a moving reference frame, we prove that the
decay probability cannot be invariant with respect to boosts. Different moving
observers may see different internal compositions of the same unstable
particle. Unfortunately, this effect is too small to be noticeable in modern
experiments.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figures; submitted to Advances in High Energy Physic
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