Aeroelastic stability of coupled flap-lag motion of hingeless helicopter blades at arbitrary advance ratios

Equations for large amplitude coupled flap-lag motion of a hingeless elastic helicopter blade in forward flight are derived. Only a torsionally rigid blade excited by quasi-steady aerodynamic loads is considered. The effects of reversed flow together with some new terms due to radial flow are included. Using Galerkin's method the spatial dependence is eliminated and the equations are linearized about a suitable equilibrium position. The resulting system of homogeneous periodic equations is solved using multivariable Floquet-Liapunov theory, and the transition matrix at the end of the period is evaluated by two separate methods. Computational efficiency of the two numerical methods is compared. Results illustrating the effects of forward flight and various important blade parameters on the stability boundaries are presented

Flap-lag dynamics of hingeless helicopter blades at moderate and high advance ratios

Equations for large amplitude coupled flaplag motion of a hingeless elastic helicopter blade in forward flight are derived. Only a torsionally rigid blade exicted by quasi-steady aerodynamic loads is considered. The effects of reversed flow together with some new terms due to forward flight are included. Using Galerkin's method the spatial dependence is eliminated and the equations are linearized about a suitable equilibrium position. The resulting system of equations is solved using multivariable Floquet-Liapunov theory, and the transition matrix at the end of the period is evaluated by two separate methods. Results illustrating the effects of forward flight and various important blade parameters on the stability boundaries are presented

Gender differences in confidence in jury decision making

Men tend to be more overconfident than women in settings typically perceived as masculine (Lichtenstein et al, 1982; as cited in Baldiga, 2014). Women are also more likely to defer to men in mixed-sex group situations than men are to women (Hopcroft, 2009) Deference is correlated with women having lower self-esteem and lower confidence than men, both beginning to show around puberty. In same sex situations, deference is related to social ranking and physical features, but in mixed-sex situations it tends to be sex-based. Propp (1995) found that in mixed-sex groups men tend to verbally contribute more than women, whereas in all male or all female groups contribution is about equal. In situations where there is risk associated with decision making, men tend to answer more confidently than women as women have been found to have high risk aversion than men (Badiga, 2014). Given this, it seems probable that there would be differences in confidence when making jury decisions as a function of gender. This study looked at differences in confidence levels between men and women in a jury setting. Participants were 105 male and 388 female students. There were questions regarding how confident participants were in their decision of guilt versus innocence for each of six crime scenarios. Participants rated their confidence in their decision on a scale from one, not confident at all, to ten, very confident. Results reveal some differences in confidence of decision as a function of gender, especially when the stakes are higher

MOTOR VEHICLES AND TRAFFIC Drivers\u27 Licenses: Amend Provisions Relating to Motor Vehicles and Traffic so as to Change Certain Provisions Relating to Applications and Fees for Drivers\u27 Licenses; Change Certain Provisions Relating to License Requirement, Surrender of Prior Licenses, and Prohibition of Local Licenses; Change Certain Provisions Relating to Expiration and Renewal of Licenses and Reexamination Requirement; Provide Effective Date; Repeal Conflicting Law

The Act provides for the renewal of drivers\u27 licenses by means other than personal appearance, such as by mail or electronically

Microsoft Tying Consumers\u27 Hands - The Windows Vista Problem and the South Korean Solution

Currently, more than ninety percent of the world\u27s PCs operate under Windows. To cement its market power, Microsoft has engaged in controversial business practices. Those practices have led to adverse antitrust decisions in the United States, the European Union (EU), and South Korea. Many of these decisions, both judicial and administrative, revolve around Microsoft\u27s bundling, or tying, of certain subsidiary applications with the Windows operating system, including Internet Explorer and Windows Media Player. In doing so, Microsoft arguably gains a greater than deserved market share with these bundled applications, inhibiting fair competition in the software marketplace. The United States, EU and South Korean antitrust decisions addressing this tying of software have each produced different outcomes in their respective jurisdictions. This Note analyzes Microsoft\u27s newest operating system, Windows Vista, by focusing on the tying aspect of antitrust law using the precedent set by those three jurisdictions. Part I discusses the recent Microsoft antitrust litigation and settlement in the United States, the European Commission\u27s ruling against Microsoft in the EU and the Korea Fair Trade Commission\u27s decision against Microsoft in South Korea. Part II explains why South Korea took the most appropriate approach to opening competition for non-Microsoft applications, a method compatible with current U.S. law governing antitrust tying arrangements under the Sherman Act. Part III examines Windows Vista and its multitude of tied or bundled applications, concluding that a South Korean-type approach to Windows Vista would successfully limit Microsoft\u27s unfair advantage in tied applications

MOTOR VEHICLES AND TRAFFIC Drivers\u27 Licenses: Amend Provisions Relating to Motor Vehicles and Traffic so as to Change Certain Provisions Relating to Applications and Fees for Drivers\u27 Licenses; Change Certain Provisions Relating to License Requirement, Surrender of Prior Licenses, and Prohibition of Local Licenses; Change Certain Provisions Relating to Expiration and Renewal of Licenses and Reexamination Requirement; Provide Effective Date; Repeal Conflicting Law

The Act provides for the renewal of drivers\u27 licenses by means other than personal appearance, such as by mail or electronically

Perceptions of Female Defendants as a Function of Pregnancy Status

Given the impact pregnancy has in other areas of life it makes sense that when a woman is brought into the criminal justice system pregnancy will play a role in how others perceive her. While research exists on the implications of pregnancy on incarceration, there is a gap regarding the trial phase and the effects of pregnancy on the adjudication process. The purpose of this study was to determine whether pregnancy status impacts jury perception of female defendants. It was hypothesized that a pregnant defendant would evoke sympathy in a trial situation and consequently a pregnant woman would be judged less harshly by a juror than a non-pregnant woman when committing similar crimes. Participants were an anticipated 200 undergraduate students from a regional university in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. Data collection finished in Winter quarter 375 males and females have completed the study to date. Participants signed up for the study through the University Research Site and completed the study online through Survey Monkey. There were two independent variables (male vs. female) and (pregnant vs. not pregnant). Participants completed a general demographic survey as well as the Attitudes Towards Jury Service Questionnaire, and the Marlow Crowne Social Desirability Scale, (MC-SD; Crowne & Marlow, 1960). Additionally, six scenarios, created by the primary author, with women committing crimes of varying degrees of seriousness. Scenarios included the first name and age of the woman, pregnancy status, and crime she committed. Participants each read six scenarios followed by questions regarding each scenario. Participants were asked to make decisions regarding guilt. Perception of guilt and severity of sentence served as dependent variables. Research regarding the role pregnancy plays in a trial the judicial system is important to understanding the potential biases present for women in the criminal justice system and ensuring a fair trail process. By understanding how pregnancy status can affect a juror’s perception of women on trial jurors can be chosen with these biases in mind. This can also be helpful in simply educating jurors and jury selection committees of the potential for these biases in the trial phase