On-Farm Demonstration of Improved Rice (Oryza sativa L) Varieties in Pawe District of Benshangul Gumuz Regional State, Ethiopia

Four varieties (Hidasie, Nerica-12, Nerica-4 and Pawe-1) were demonstrated and evaluated on a farmer’s field. Average yield performances of the demonstrated varieties show 42.66, 34.19, 33.41 and 32.23 quintal per hectare of Pawe-1, Nerica-3, Hidasie and Nerica-12 varieties respectively. Pawe-1 variety showed better yield performance. In the ranking, Pawe-1 was selected as the best-preferred. Based on farmers’ perception, Pawe-1 was ranked first as it produces a good yield, high tilling capacity, the white colour of the grain and preferred at the market with good price. This result indicates Pawe-1 variety is farmers’ best preferred and top performed variety which can be considered as a promising variety to be widely produced by rice farmers in the study area. The yield under demonstration plots was higher than the local cultivar and the use of research recommended rice cultivation method can reduce the technology gap to a considerable extent. Therefore, it is recommended that the office of agriculture of the District needs further scale up the varieties to other areas to benefit quite a significant number of farmers. Keywords: Demonstration, Evaluation, Pawe, Rice DOI: 10.7176/JNSR/10-7-03 Publication date: April 30th 202

On-Farm Demonstration of Improved Rice (Oryza sativa L) Varieties in Pawe Woreda of Benishangul Gumuz Regional State, Ethiopia

The research is financed by Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research Abstract Four varieties (Hidasie, Nerica-12, Nerica-4 and Pawe-1) were demonstrated and evaluated on a farmer’s field. Average yield performances of the demonstrated varieties show 42.66, 34.19, 33.41 and 32.23 quintal per hectare of Pawe-1, Nerica-3, Hidasie and Nerica-12 varieties respectively. Pawe-1 variety showed better yield performance. In the ranking, Pawe-1 was selected as the best-preferred. Based on farmers’ perception, Pawe-1 was ranked first as it produces a good yield, high tilling capacity, the white colour of the grain and preferred at the market with good price. This result indicates Pawe-1 variety is farmers’ best preferred and top performed variety which can be considered as a promising variety to be widely produced by rice farmers in the study area. The yield under demonstration plots was higher than the local cultivar and the use of research recommended rice cultivation method can reduce the technology gap to a considerable extent. Therefore, it is recommended that the office of agriculture of the woreda needs further scale up the varieties to other areas to benefit quite a significant number of farmers. Keywords: Demonstration, evaluation, Pawe, rice, varieties. DOI: 10.7176/JBAH/10-1-07 Publication date: January 31st 202

On-Farm Demonstration of Improved Rice (Oryza sativa L) Varieties in Pawe Woreda of Metekel Zone, Ethiopia

The research activity was carried out to demonstrate and evaluate improved rice varieties in Pawe woreda. Four varieties (Hidassie, Nerica-12, Nerica 4 and Pawe-1) were used for the demonstration and evaluation in farmers’ field under their management and resources. All data collected from demonstration plots and farmers were analyzed through Simple descriptive statistics and matrix rankings. Average yield performances that were obtained from farmers’ field were 42.66 qt/ha, 34.19 qt/ha, 33.41 qt/ha and 32.23 qt/ha of Pawe-1, Nerica-3, Hidase and Nerica-12 varieties respectively. Pawe-1 variety showed better yield performance than the other compared varieties. A group of rice producer farmers were also invited in the demonstration field to evaluate the performance of the verities based on their criteria. In the ranking, Pawe-1 was selected as the best-preferred variety than Nerica-3, Hidase and Nerica-12 varieties. Based on farmers’ perception, Pawe-1 variety was ranked first as it produces a good yield, high tillering capacity, white color and preferred at the market with good price. This result indicates Pawe-1 variety is farmers’ best preferred and top performed variety which can be considered as a promising variety to be widely produced by rice farmers in the study area. The yield under demonstration plots was higher than the local check and the use of research recommended rice cultivation method can reduce the technology gap to a considerable extent. Thus, offices of agriculture and research centers need to provide technical support to the farmers through different educational and extension method to reduce the extension gap. Keywords: Demonstration, Evaluation, Rice DOI: 10.7176/JBAH/10-3-01 Publication date: February 29th 202

Evaluation of Newly Released Soybean Varieties (Glycine max.) under Smallholder Farmers’ Condition in Western Ethiopia

Soybean is a miracle legume crop in the world due to its multipurpose use. The global demand of the crop is increasing rapidly because of its growing demand particularly in the animal feed industries. But, the current production status of the commodity is not comparable to the rapidly increasing demands. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of improved soybean varieties under smallholder farmers’ condition in western Ethiopia. Six kebeles were selected purposively in Pawe and Jawe districts based on their potential and suitability for soybean production. A total of 24 hosted farmers were selected purposively by considering their willingness and performance to implement the demonstration. Pawe-1, Pawe-2, Pawe-3 and Ethio-Yugoslavia varieties were the materials used in the evaluation.  Grain yield, seed size, pod number per plant, seed number per pod, plant height, disease resistant and maturity date were the main preference traits for farmers. Bothe qualitative and quantitative data were collected from 41 farmers (17 control group). The collected data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics by using SPSS software package. Farmers’ preference ranking also conducted based of their selection criteria. The combined results over locations show that 1767.58, 1723.46, 1619.58 and 1600.08 kg ha-1mean grain yield recorded from Pawe-3, Ethio-Yugoslavia, Pawe-1 and Pawe-2 varieties respectively. Overall mean grain yield of improved varieties was 1677.68 kg ha-1.  The least (927.41 kg ha-1) mean grain yield observed from the local variety. Findings revealed that all the demonstrated improved varieties have significant yield advantage over the control at (p<0.01) in all locations. Farmers put Pawe-3 variety in the first rank based on the total score of their preference traits. Agricultural professionals and other concerned bodies have to give more emphasis to promote the newly released proven soybean varieties with full recommended packages to increase the production status further to ensure the demands of domestic processing and export marketing and this will contribute to the overall economic growth. Keywords: Demonstration, farmers’ preference, soybean variety, western Ethiopia DOI: 10.7176/JNSR/12-13-04 Publication date:July 31st 202

Towards a q-analogue of the Kibble--Slepian formula in 3 dimensions

We study a generalization of the Kibble-Slepian (KS) expansion formula in 3 dimensions. The generalization is obtained by replacing the Hermite polynomials by the q-Hermite ones. If such a replacement would lead to non-negativity for all allowed values of parameters and for all values of variables ranging over certain Cartesian product of compact intervals then we would deal with a generalization of the 3 dimensional Normal distribution. We show that this is not the case. We indicate some values of the parameters and some compact set in R^{3} of positive measure, such that the values of the extension of KS formula are on this set negative. Nevertheless we indicate other applications of so generalized KS formula. Namely we use it to sum certain kernels built of the Al-Salam-Chihara polynomials for the cases that were not considered by other authors. One of such kernels sums up to the Askey-Wilson density disclosing its new, interesting properties. In particular we are able to obtain a generalization of the 2 dimensional Poisson-Mehler formula. As a corollary we indicate some new interesting properties of the Askey-Wilson polynomials with complex parameters. We also pose several open questions

On peculiar properties of generating functions of some orthogonal polynomials

We prove that for |x|,|t|<1, -1 <q \leq1 and n\geq0: \Sigma_{i\geq0}((t^{i})/((q)_{i}))h_{n+i}(x|q) = h_{n}(x|t,q) \Sigma_{i\geq0}((t^{i})/((q)_{i}))h_{i}(x|q), where h_{n}(x|q) and h_{n}(x|t,q) are respectively the so called q-Hermite and the big q-Hermite polynomials and (q)_{n} denotes the so called q-Pochhammer symbol. We prove similar equalities involving big q-Hermite and Al-Salam---Chihara (ASC) polynomials and ASC and the so called continuous dual q-Hahn (c2h) polynomials. Moreover we are able to relate in this way some other 'ordinary ' orthogonal polynomials such as e.g. Hermite, Chebyshev or Laguerre. These equalities give new interpretation of the polynomials involved and moreover can give rise to a simple method of generating more and more general (i.e. involving more and more parameters) families of orthogonal polynomials. We pose some conjectures concerning Askey--Wilson polynomials and their possible generalizations. We prove that these conjectures are true for the cases q = 1 (classical case) and q = 0 (free case) thus paving the way to generalization of AW polynomials at least in these two cases

On local fixed or periodic point properties

A space X has the local fixed point property LFPP, (local periodic point property LPPP) if it has an open basis $\mathcal{B}$ such that, for each $B\in \mathcal{B}$, the closure $\overline{B}$ has the fixed (periodic) point property. Weaker versions wLFPP, wLPPP are also considered and examples of metric continua that distinguish all these properties are constructed. We show that for planar or one-dimensional locally connected metric continua the properties are equivalent

On summable, positive Poisson-Mehler kernels built of Al-Salam--Chihara and related polynomials

Using special technique of expanding ratio of densities in an infinite series of polynomials orthogonal with respect to one of the densities, we obtain simple, closed forms of certain kernels built of the so called Al-Salam-Chihara (ASC) polynomials. We consider also kernels built of some other families of polynomials such as the so called big continuous q-Hermite polynomials that are related to the ASC polynomials. The constructed kernels are symmetric and asymmetric. Being the ratios of the densities they are automatically positive. We expand also reciprocals of some of the kernels, getting nice identities built of the ASC polynomials involving 6 variables like e.g. formula (nice). These expansions lead to asymmetric, positive and summable kernels. The particular cases (referring to q=1 and q=0) lead to the kernels build of certain linear combinations of the ordinary Hermite and Chebyshev polynomials