Pathogenicity of local Metarhizium anisopliae var. acridum strains on Locusta migratoria migratorioides Reiche and Farmaire and Zonocerus variegatus Linnaeus in Senegal

Locusts and grasshoppers are the most important economical threat in the sahelian agricultural system. Principal control strategies of these pests are synthetic chemicals which are, however, harmful to the environment and human health. Metarhizium anisopliae based biopesticide Green Muscle IMI330189 has been recently developed for the control of locusts and grasshoppers. In this paper, we assessed the pathogenicity of three local strains of M. anisopliae var. acridum on Locusta migratoria migratorioides and Zonocerus variegatus, in comparison to the commercial product, IMI330189. There was various level of pathogenicity within the strains on the two pests. On L. migratoria, DPV5 caused the highest mortality after three weeks (91.2%). There was a significant difference between DPV5 and IMI330189. However, there were no significant differences between IMI330189 and the other strains. On Z. variegatus there were no significant differences between IMI330189 DPV5 and DPV10. DPV15 had the lowest pathogenic activity. Moreover, the comparison of susceptibility of both insect pests to Metarhizium strains showed that L. migratoria is more susceptible than Z. variegatus. DPV5 had the shortest LT50 on L. migratoria 7.1 days whereas on Z. variegatus, the LT50 value of DPV5 was comparable to IMI330189. Our study suggests that, DPV5 which was isolated from Kraussaria angulifera in Senegal is a promising candidate for future development for locusts and grasshoppers control in the country.Keywords: Green Muscle, African migratory locust, grasshoppers, local strains, biopesticide

Variations in Feeding Behavior, Survival and Damage of Biotypes B and E of Schizaphis Graminum (Rondani) on Three Wheat Genotypes

Entomolog

NOUVEAUX RÔLES DE LA GRH ET INTRAPRENEURSHIP DANS LES INSTITUTIONS UNIVERSITAIRES AU SENEGAL

International audienceParis, 12-15 octobre 201

Assessment of the side effects of progestogen only contraception in the immediate postpartum period: the case of implants with levonorgestrel Jadelle®

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the side effects of Jadelle® implants in the immediate postpartum.Methods: To do this, we inserted the implants at two different postpartum period: first, between the first and the seventh day for the immediate postpartum period (IPP) group; second, between the 45th and the 3rd postpartum months for the late postpartum (LPP) group. The variables studied were age, gesture, parity, abortions, number of live children, childbirth, caesarean section, quality of milky climb, age last child, pregnancy-attendant, pregnancy term at time of delivery, complaints, weight.Results: From May 2012 to December 2013, we collected two hundred patients, one hundred from each group (immediate postpartum and late postpartum). The average age of mothers in the IPP group was 28 years and 29 years for LPP group. After insertion, in both group, spotting were the most frequent complaints. The weight variations were between +800 g and -600 g for the group IPP and +260 g and -170 g for the other group; which makes a statistically significant difference. In both groups, at the end of the six months, no patient had menstruation.Conclusions: Our results are encouraging to further promote contraception in the immediate postpartum period in developing countries and thus reach a wide range of users. We can therefore say that the side effects are not different during this period and largely are also tolerated