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Long-Term Impacts and Outcomes: SIT Study Abroad

This capstone reports on the results of the SIT Study Abroad Long-Term Impacts and Outcomes survey, a research project designed to investigate how alumni would self-report impacts of their study abroad experience with regard to academic, personal, and professional outcomes. The principal question the study sought to answer was “How and to what extent do SIT Study Abroad programs impact alumni in the long term?” This paper focuses largely on the career outcomes of the alumni who participated in this research. A large percentage of SIT Study Abroad alumni report that impacts to their career choices were significant and that their study abroad experience was helpful in some unique ways when applying for graduate school or employment opportunities. In addition to working in internationally focused careers, alumni have gravitated towards some specific fields, according to data from the study. Alumni indicated how and to what extent their study abroad experience influenced their choice of professional field and academic study. Results seem to indicate that SIT Study Abroad alumni are highly accomplished as well as socially conscious, choosing the education, health, and nonprofit fields in large numbers. Some program variables are explored for their impact on outcomes and careers including program country, program theme, and participants’ declared undergraduate major. Implications for further study are discussed

The George W. Bush Administration's aid strategy and its impact on development in Sub-Saharan Africa

Includes bibliographical references (p. 73-77).Much of Sub-Saharan Africa economically and democratically lags behind the rest of the world. Many wealthy countries have worked to speed up Africa's development through the use of foreign aid. The George W. Bush Administration utilized aid in their efforts to help eliminate poverty and deepen democracy. They disbursed aid through a novel government agency named the Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC). This thesis gauges the usefulness of the MCC and measures its impact on economic and democratic development in Sub-Saharan Africa. To provide an assessment of the MCC, I examine the association between foreign aid disbursed by the MCC and resulting economic and democratic development. The conclusions are drawn by employing a quantitative methodology using difference of means analysis and bivariate analysis. The empirical research suggests that aid disbursed through the MCC is producing only slight economic and democratic growth. I conclude the study with a case study that corroborates the empirical findings. This study brings into question the general effectiveness of foreign aid and further suggests that Africa may need another solution to underdevelopment that may go beyond the reach of aid planners

Flex on This! Flexible Seating in the Classroom

Flexible seating, or otherwise known as alternative seating, refers to classroom set ups that integrate different seating options rather than traditionally arranged rows of desks. In a regular classroom, some students sitting in traditional desks are uncomfortable; learning can be a battle because of the strain on their bodies. Students who learn in a traditional seating arrangement might be less likely to be engaged or to be able to focus on lessons, not to mention other contributing factors, such as the effects on classroom behavior and their motivation to learn. The purpose of this self study was to see if flexible seating played a role in student learning. Participating in this study were 6th grade students who engaged in a classroom full of couches, chairs, and seat cushions. Their experiences in academic learning, behavior, and opinions were documented through field notes, student surveys, classroom photos, and a series of questionnaires. Results from the analysis of the collected data showed that students were able to focus, stay engaged, and participate more in a classroom that implemented flexible seating

Endocyclic Nucleophilic Methyl Transfer

This thesis describes the synthesis of three methyl (omega)-(dimethyl- amino)alkanesulfonates and the experiments used to determine the mechanism of their rearrangements to the corresponding (omega)-(trimethylammonio)alkanesulfonates. Since existence of an intra- molecular pathway would represent the first example of an endo- cyclic methyl transfer, kinetic and double-label crossing experiments were used to determine the molecularity of these rearrangements. Methyl 4-(dimethylamino)butane-1-sulfonate, at concentrations ranging from 0.2 M to 2.0 x 10(\u27-4) M in chloroform, was found to form 4-(trimethylammonio)butane-1-sulfonate exclusively via an inter- molecular pathway and the results are consistent with an effective molarity of less than 3 x 10(\u27-5) M for the endocyclic process. Similarly, the formation of 2-(trimethylammoniomethyl)phenylmethanesulfonate from methyl 2-(dimethylaminiomethyl)phenylmethanesulfonate in benzene with initial ester concentrations ranging from 0.2 M to 5 x 10(\u27-4) M was found to occur via intermolecular methyl transfer and these results imply that the effective molarity for the endocyclic process is less than 2 x 10(\u27-5) M. For the rearrangement of methyl 2- 2-(dimethylaminomethyl)phenyl ethanesulfonate to 2- 2-(trimethylammoniomethyl)phenyl ethanesulfonate in benzene, the crossing experiments provided conclusive proof for the existence of both intramolecular and intermolecular pathways. From the dependence of the intra to intermolecular product ratio on the initial ester concentration, an effective molarity of 2 x 10(\u27-3) M was deduced for the intramolecular process. An example of an endocyclic methyl transfer via a nine-membered cyclic transition state has, therefore, been shown. Collectively, the results imply that concerted nucleo- philic methyl transfer transition states show a marked preference for a linear orientation of the nucleophile, the methyl carbon and the nucleofuge.;Model kinetic studies and an (\u2718)O-labelling experiment which made use of an (\u2718)O isotope effect on (\u2713)C NMR chemical shifts showed that the intermolecular pathway for the rearrangements is a two step process. An intermolecular methyl transfer between two molecules of the amino ester gives an ion pair which then annihilates via N-methylation to give two molecules of the betaine

Doctor of Philosophy

dissertationHealth disparities based on sexual orientation are partially attributable to minority stress. However, the mechanisms underlying how minority stress affects health are poorly understood. Theory and preliminary evidence within neuropsychology and social psychology are beginning to suggest that chronic experiences of rejection may contribute to cognitive depletion, particularly in the area of executive function, as well as difficulties with self-regulation of health behaviors. If present, these executive and self-regulatory depletion effects may begin to explain how minority stress contributes to health disparities. The current study was an experimental investigation of gay and lesbian adults (N = 141) that involved having participants engage in a stressful, evaluative interpersonal task with a confederate who they were led to believe held either positive or negative views toward sexual minorities. We examined how experimental condition affected cognition (an executive function battery administered at baseline and after the manipulation) and self-regulation (number of healthy and unhealthy snacks chosen at the end of the lab session). We also tested mediators of these effects, including state anger and anxiety, expressive suppression, cognitive interference, and disclosure of sexual orientation. Consistent with hypotheses, participants in the antigay condition chose a greater number of unhealthy snacks. Contrary to hypotheses, these participants actually showed greater improvement in cognitive performance than participants in the progay condition. This effect was mediated by state anger. Possible explanations for this unexpected pattern of findings as well as future research directions are discussed. Despite limitations, this study was the first to experimentally manipulate minority stress in this population and to observe effects on executive and self-regulatory depletion