4-H: Making the Best Better for Ohio Youth

IMPACT. 1: In 2015, Ohio 4-H youth completed more than 427,00 projects and programs: 40% in the area of healthy lifestyles; 37% in science, engineering and technology; 23% in citizenship. -- 2. 16,317 adult volunteer leaders were actively involved in Ohio 4-H in 2015. Volunteers served as community club and project advisors, school enrichment volunteers, on county advisory boards and special projects. -- 3. A national study found that 4-H youth are four times more likely to contribute to their community, and two times more likely to be civically active and make healthier choices.OSU PARTNERS: OSU Extension; College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences; College of Education and Human Ecology; College of Public Health; The Ohio 4-H FoundationCOMMUNITY PARTNERS: Ohio County Commissioners; County Agricultural Societies; Ohio Farm Bureau Federation; Nationwide Insurance; State Farm Insurance; Farm Credit Mid-America; Monsanto; Ohio National Guard; Chicago Mercantile ExchangePRIMARY CONTACT: Sally McClaskey ([email protected])Ohio 4-H is the youth development program of OSU Extension. More than 200,000 youth participate in 4-H activities focused on the 4-H mission mandates: citizenship, healthy living and science. By working with adult mentors, youth engage in a variety of projects and activities—from food and forestry to rockets and rabbits. 4-H gives children and teens opportunities to learn and practice life skills, and become confident in their ability to use them in the future

The Ohio Youth Institute: Finding the Next Norm

IMPACT. 1: In the past 11 years, more than 400 youth researched and presented their ideas about solving global issues. The OYI introduced them to OSU experts and programs for post-secondary education. -- 2. More than 30 students have represented Ohio at the World Food Prize and Global Youth Institute, learning from and meeting with world leaders and policy experts. -- 3. Ohio Youth Institute participants have been selected for national USDA internships and international internships, increasing the status of OSU and introducing youth to career opportunities.OSU PARTNERS: 4-H Youth Development; College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences; John Glenn College of Public Affairs; Agricultural Communication, Education, and Leadership; Agricultural, Environmental and Development Economics; Animal Sciences; Entomology; Food Science and Technology; Food, Agricultural and Biological Engineering; Horticulture and Crop Science; Plant Pathology; School of Environment and Natural Resources; OSU Extension; OSU Peace Corps; International Programs in AgricultureCOMMUNITY PARTNERS: Farm Credit Mid-America; Mid-Ohio Foodbank; Columbus Council on World AffairsPRIMARY CONTACT: Sally McClaskey ([email protected])The Ohio Youth Institute is the outreach program of the World Food Prize, sponsored by OSU's College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences. Norman Borlaug, Nobel Peace Prize laureate, began the program to build awareness of global food security issues among youth through a research and writing competition. Participants present their papers and discuss their solutions with experts. Selected students and their mentors attend the World Food Prize and Global Youth Institute in Iowa

Prophylactic Use of LMWH vs UFH in PE Patients

As a result of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), a pulmonary embo­lism (PE) can occur which creates a blockage in the body’s pulmonary circulation, leading to cell death. PE is the third leading cause of death in the U.S., while being the most common, most preventable cause of death in hospitalized patients. Understanding the signs and symptoms of PE is essential in order to save patients’ lives. The objective of this research study was to compare the prophylactic use of Unfractionated Heparin (UFH) and Low Molecular Weight Heparin (LMWH) in patients effected with PE. Information for this research project was gathered using a quantitative systemic review and meta-analysis approach. Data was collected from mul­tiple research studies and combined to identify the best approach for prophylactic treatment of PE. The findings of this study concluded that LMWH is overall more beneficial to patients with PE than UFH for many reasons. Because each dose is based on the patient’s weight, LMWH can reduce the frequency of lab testing while giving them the ability to have anticoagulation therapy at home, thus, reducing the length of stay in the hospital. Prophylactic use of LMWH in PE patients can save the hospital and the patient thousands of dollars a year while consistently preventing and treating this complication

Assessment of Middle School Students\u27 Cognitive Performance on Piagetian Tasks Requiring Formal Abstract Thinking Processes

Digitized thesi

Music Therapy in Preterm Infants in the NICU

A neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) provides life-saving care for premature and sick newborns. However, that environment is very stressful due to the noise of equipment, alarms, and constant activity. It is important to decrease the stress for the infant as well as the parents. The purpose of this literature review was to determine if there is benefit from the use of music in the NICU. The high level of stress and anxiety that parents experience during this time may put the parent/child relationship at risk. Overstimulation and ongoing noise in the NICU may delay improvement in health and increase stress. Studies examined if adding music therapy (MT) during daily care reduced infant and parental stress and had an effect on physiological outcomes of the infants and their families. Primary study methods included a control group and an intervention group. The infants in the interven­tion group were exposed to music of the parents’ choosing. During the therapy, the infant was connected to a pulse oximeter to monitor oxygen level and a monitor to assess heart rate and respiratory rate. The researchers reported significant outcomes. The overall average infant heart rate was reduced, there was in increase in ox­ygenation, and more stable breathing patterns. Because of these improvements, infants expended less calories and hospital stays were shorter. Parents of the infants also verbalized feeling less stressed and more relaxed. The studies provided evidence that music therapy was beneficial to the newborns and parents in the NICU

Umbilical Cord Milking at Birth

The World Health Organization recommends delaying cord clamping for at least 30-60 seconds after the birth of a full-term newborn. However, the recommendation on the time of cord clamping is not as clear with preterm infants or infants who need immediate resuscitation. The purpose of this study was to examine the best, most recent evidence regarding the timing of cord clamping. The methodology was a literature review. Recent research has focused on umbilical cord milking prior to cord clamping. Umbilical cord milking is described as “the unclamped umbilical cord is grasped and blood is pushed toward the infant several times before it is clamped to auto-infuse blood into the preterm neonate,” (Katheria et al, 2015, p. 62). This technique has been shown to have numerous benefits in preterm infants, including decreased rates of intraventricular hemorrhage, higher levels of hemoglobin/hematocrit, decreased risk of oxygenation at 36 weeks, and higher rates of systemic blood flow. Umbilical cord milking is a way to ensure more blood volume reaches the neonate at a time where delayed cord clamping is not an option

Pediatric Hospital Environments: Do They Make a Difference?

The environment can have an extreme impact on a child’s well-being, growth and health. This should be taken into consideration especially for those children that are surrounded by a hospital environment. The healthcare system can come across as extremely intimidating and frightening to young patients. The purpose of his research study is to change this mind-set by creating a more welcoming atmosphere through child-friendly interventions such as magic, colorful art, and nature. By conducting interviews with the children of these hospitals and using visual and exploratory techniques, the essence of what keeps a child’s spirit alive can be captured to fullest. The research has shown that it is important to take children’s perspectives into consideration and to implement them into the design of pediatric hospitals

Co-Bedding Preterm Infants in the NICU

Providing the best possible environment for premature infants continues to be a challenge in the neonatal inten­sive care unit (NICU). The purpose of this literature review was to examine the evidence related to the care of preterm twins and whether twins benefit from co-bedding verses keeping them separated. Co-bedding is defined as caring for two or more infants in the same incubator and is considered a developmental initiative to minimize adverse effects of preterm birth. Twins share a tight space in utero and support each other as they grow. Skin-to-skin contact with preterm infants and their mothers has been shown to increase the healing time and lead to better outcomes as shown in other studies. The five studies that were examined observed for improvements in self-regulation, quality of sleep, response to pain, weight gain, and safety. Based on the results, co-bedding was found to promote self-regulation, quiet sleep, weight gain, decreased crying, and decreased pain in the twin preterm infants. Co-bedding is a comforting measure for infants that can be implemented without significant adverse effects and is a noninvasive solution to improving overall physiological stability

Is the Current Concussion Protocol for Student Athletes Enough?

In the world of sports there are bound to be accidents and one of the most common kinds of accidents are concussions. It has been reported that 10-20% of high school student athletes will experience a concussion. The purpose of this study was to examine the current concussion protocol for student athletes and to identify the best practices for a diagnosis and follow-up to decrease the likelihood of any severe brain damage. The methodology was a literature review. Evidence in the literature reported that individual educational plans (IEP) have been shown to be good at helping student athletes get back to their original benchmark test scores. The IEP should fo­cus on lightening the student’s academic load as this will decrease the risks of presenting symptoms. A teamwork approach and individualized care will help student athletes that have been diagnosed with a concussion get back into the classroom and back onto the field/court

Stop the Potential Killer: Prevention of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA)

The risk for hospital-acquired methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections in the ICU is great considering the length of stay and the invasive procedures most patients go through. MRSA infections may lead to death and contribute greatly to the cost of care. The purpose of this study was to examine the evidence for the best possible means of preventing MRSA. The methodology was a review of the current research. Some of the measures that were found to be beneficial included daily bathing with chlorhexidine, environmental decon­tamination, MRSA screenings upon admission, isolation precautions for positive patients, eradication therapy, and strict hand hygiene. Conclusions indicate that hospital acquired MRSA infections can be decreased with strict adherence to the correct regimen and continuous, hospital-wide education and awareness