Photocatalytic Reactor using TiO2 Thin Film on Quartz Tubes

Photocatalysis process, as an environmental application is an advanced oxidation process with tremendous potential in the near future. Previously many researchers, have conducted photocatalysis in different reactor configuration using TiO2 slurry and thin film, using a UV light source, the constraints for these reactors are the need for the removal of TiO2 particles at the outlet stream in a slurry reactor and poor environment for the efficient use of TiO2 film using UV light, as the UV light penetration depth in water is about an inch. Taking all this into consideration, we propose a design for reactor with efficient contact of the aqueous phase to the TiO2 film so that UV light doesn\u27t need to penetrate through water, the TiO2 particles need not be removed from the outlet stream of water. The wok involves the deposition of TiO2 on quartz tubes with TiO2 and TiO2-Fe doped film by sol-gel and ESA (electrostatic self assembly) method and testing the performance of the coated film in proposed photocatalytic reactor in degradation of congo red, KI and Nitro phenol

Association between household solid fuel use and tuberculosis: cross-sectional data from the Mongolian national tuberculosis prevalence survey

BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) and indoor air pollution (IAP) are equally critical public health issues in the developing world. Mongolia is experiencing the double burden of TB and IAP due to solid fuel combustion. However, no study has assessed the relationship between household solid fuel use and TB in Mongolia. The present study aimed to assess the association between household solid fuel use and TB based on data from the Mongolian National Tuberculosis Prevalence Survey (MNTP Survey). METHOD: The MNTP Survey was a nationally representative population-based cross-sectional survey targeting households in Mongolia from 2014 to 2015, with the aim of evaluating the prevalence of TB. The survey adopted a multistage cluster sampling design in accordance with the World Health Organization prevalence survey guidelines. Clusters with at least 500 residents were selected by random sampling. A sample size of 98 clusters with 54,100 participants was estimated to be required for the survey, and 41,450 participants were included in the final analysis of the present study. A structured questionnaire was used to collect information on environmental and individual factors related to TB. Physical examination, chest X-ray, and sputum examinations were also performed to diagnose TB. RESULTS: The use of solid fuels for heating (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.5; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.1-2.1), male gender (aOR: 2.2; 95% CI: 1.6-3.2), divorced or widowed (aOR: 2.6; 95% CI: 1.7-3.8), daily smoker (aOR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.3-2.5), contact with an active TB case (aOR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.2-2.3), being underweight (aOR: 3.7; 95% CI: 2.4-5.7), and previous history of TB (aOR: 4.3; 95% CI: 3.0-6.1) were significantly associated with bacteriologically confirmed TB after adjusting for confounding variables. CONCLUSION: The use of solid fuels for heating was significantly associated with active TB in Mongolian adults. Increased public awareness is needed on the use of household solid fuels, a source of IAP

Theoretical Aspects of Creating the Image of a Higher Education Institution

The aim of the article is to study the essence, depth, and completeness of the image of a higher education institution, its components, as well as identify the priorities for creating a positive image of a particular educational institution in a competitive aggressive environment. The article examines the approaches to the creation of a positive image of an educational institution (EI) on the Ukrainian market for educational services in a competitive environment, which significantly affects the growth in the number of potential consumers and solvent applicants. It is a positive image that is an important incentive for schoolchildren when choosing an EI for learning. Studying the creation of the image of EI is considered as a permanent process in conformity with social needs and modern requirements. The main directions in the research of scientific community, specialists, and practitioners engaged in considering the problems associated with image of educational institutions in Ukraine are analyzed, and shortcomings, omissions and other factors that have negative impact on the attractiveness of higher education institutions are revealed. The identified shortcomings in the research results require a systematic and comprehensive approach to the process of creating — developing — enhancing a positive image of domestic educational institutions as a singular entity. Based on the results of studying the essence, depth, and completeness, the main elements of the image of EI as a means and a tool, object of control, which is focused on target groups and, above all, applicants, are identified