Factors Affecting QoS in Tanzania Cellular Networks

Quality of service in cellular communication system is a topic that recently has raised much interest for many researchers. This paper presents the findings obtained from the study on factors affecting QoS in Tanzania cellular networks. The study was carried out in Dodoma Municipal, Tanzania. The study employed cross sectional research design. Information was gathered from structured questionnaire of 240 subscribers during the study of quality of service for the four leading cellular networks in Tanzania. Both qualitative and quantitative data from field survey were collected and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences and Excel software. The study findings show that the major factors that degrade QoS in Tanzania cellular networks are inadequate network infrastructure, lack of fairness from service providers and little efforts taken by the government in enforcing the national agreed standards. Other factors are lack of reliable end to end systems, geographical terrain, low quality handsets, poor government monitoring on standards and lack of subscriber skills and training.Comment: 7 Page

Economic Growth and Poverty: Does Formalisation of Informal Enterprises Matter?

The informal sector (IS) plays a significant role in developing countries viz. the provision of employment, income and supplying ignored markets. However, working and employment conditions within the sector are still poor. Its expansion and changing structures have thus drawn the attention of scholars and international policy makers to the factors hindering its formalisation. Among the factors addressed are the high costs of formalisation and the lack of incentives for operating in the formal sector. A variety of approaches have been adopted by different stakeholders to overcome these factors. This paper assesses these approaches along with the factors related to informality-formality trade-off and the issue of formalisation as a solution for firms’ growth. By focussing on the problems faced by informal enterprises and the literature which addresses the options for accelerating the formalisation of informal enterprises, the paper will briefly summarise the weaknesses of these approaches.Informal sector, small enterprises, formal and informal institution, cost of formalisation, informality, formality, poverty, economic growth

Economic Growth and Poverty: Does Formalisation of Informal Enterprises Matter?

The informal sector (IS) in developing countries plays significant roles viz., the provision of employment, incomes and supplying ignored markets. However, the working and employment conditions in the sector are still poor. Thus, its expansion and changing structures have drawn the attention of scholars and international policy makers on factors hindering its formalisation. Among the addressed factors include high costs of formalisation and lack of incentives to operate in the formal sector. To overcome these factors, various approaches have been adopted by different stakeholders. The paper assesses these approaches, factors related to informality-formality trade-off and the question of formalisation as a solution for firms’ growth. Looking at the problems faced by informal enterprises and the literature addressing options to accelerate the formalisation of informal enterprises, the paper briefly summarises the weaknesses of these approaches.informal sector; small enterprises; formal and informal institutions; informality; poverty; economic growth

Journalism Reporting Comparison on China-Tanzania Road Projects A Case Study Based on the Xinhuanet.com (China) and Pambazuka News (Tanzania)

For decades, media has been a powerful instrument globally with an advancement of technology which simplifies availability, reliability and accessibility of information particularly in news reporting. This advancement enables societies from different countries and cultures to access news from different media regardless of national boundaries and distance from one place to another. Therefore, this article compares news reporting by Pambazuka News from Tanzania and Xinhuanet.com from China on coverage of China-Tanzania road projects. China-Tanzania road projects are the project contracted between Chinese companies and Tanzania government. This comparison is parallel with the objective of the article which is to analyze journalism reporting between the two media. Pambazuka News is an independent media from Tanzania, while Xinhuanet.com is the state owned media and controlled news agency from China. Both publish news in different languages, but for this case study, was based on English publications, distribution electronically and on their websites. The research paper content contains introduction on how did the two countries established friendship, research methodology, and journalism differences of reporting between Xinhuanet.com and Pambazuka News. Others are reporting types, pictures, layout, type of articles, content and title analysis, themes, and why the two media differ in their style of reporting before conclusion. The study finds that, information published by Pambazuka News has more comparative advantage, more analytical and objective with more detailed than Xinhuanet.com. It further revealed that, Pambazuka News consulted more sources, well detailed stories in terms of figures in its publication than Xinhuanet.com which depended only on government sources of information. Keyword: Journalism reporting, road projects, analysis, source, news

Participation in partnership : a study of contemporary partnership in mission, as understood by and practised in the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Tanzania, North Western diocese

Master's thesis in Theology. School of Mission and Theology, May 2009The study deal with the Participation in Partnership: A Study of Contemporary Partnership in Mission, as Understood by and Practiced in the Evangelical Lutheran Church of Tanzania, North Western Diocese. Also deal with the Biblical and foundations of Christian partnership. Further the thesis comes up with Christian partnership in praxis and showing its involvement in contemporary mission challenges. There are reflections on Christian partnership participating in mission Dei. There is a discussion on the particularity of Christian partnership mainly because of its foundation in the Bible. Christian partnership is both local and global in scope; and it involves both the clergy and laity in participating in mission. Christian partnership interactions which breed involvement and interdependence remind all Christians that the Church should be a moving out servant. The opportunities found in Christian partnership make this relationship deserve credibility missio Dei

How Global Governance Structures Shape Economic Growth and Poverty Reduction: The Case of Textile and Apparel Value Chain

Given the increasing disintegration of production and integration of trade, the industrial cluster literature’s view that localised market linkages are important in enhancing the growth of small enterprises seems insufficient as it ignores global linkages and fails to differentiate different categories of linkages. The global value chain (GVC) literature stresses the insertion of developing countries' producers in GVCs as a precondition for upgrading/growth. However, GVCs are differently organised due to, among others, different structures governing them. Hence, producers/economies integrated into GVCs are likely to attain different levels of economic upgrading/downgrading and decreased/increased poverty. Based on previous findings, this paper explores how the interactions between governance structures within and outside the global textile and apparel chain shape producers' growth and poverty reduction. The paper proposes options for producers to earn a relatively more return from the GVCs and attain sustainable poverty reduction strategies