Apolide e cittadino: il dilemma Della fonte dei diritti nella lezione di Hannah Arendt

En el panorama intelectual del siglo xix, Hannah Arendt aparece como una figura especialmente singular. Una personalidad extraordinaria con rasgos bien delineados desde una edad muy temprana por el vigor y la independencia intelectual; un pensamiento fascinante e irregular, articulado y complejo, difícilmente encapsulable en esquemas preconcebidos, del cual aún hoy, cien años después de su nacimiento, no se puede prescindir. Demasiado filósofa, poco académica, Hannah Arendt representa un fcaso anómalo» en el panorama cultural de la época en que vivió. Huida de la persecución nazi, vive la condición de perseguida, de refugiada y, al final, de apátrida. Es, sobre todo, este último estado, en la cual ha vivido durante una larga temporada de su vida, el que le permite comprender hasta al final lo que significa vivir en los confines del mundo, ser rechazada, un extranjero sin patria. Extranjeros, bárbaros, rechazados, en efecto, pueblan en gran número las páginas de las obras más significativas de Arendt. Una condición ésta que no incluye la posibilidad de tener derechos, tampoco aquellos estimados «naturales» y que son consustanciales al hombre. Consciente de ello, la escritora subraya que el «derecho de tener derechos» pueda ser garantizado simplemente por la mera pertenencia a una comunidad, por eso la ciudadanía, además de ser un status político-jurídico, representa propiamente este vínculo.In the intellectual spectrum of the 19th century, Hannah Arendt emerges as a particularly unique person. From an early age, her extraordinary personality demonstrated independence and qualities well suited to intellectual vigor. Her fascinat¬ing and uncommon thought was articulate, complex, and difficult to encapsulate into predetermined categories, which makes it indispensable still today, one hundred years after her birth. Too much the philosopher and too little the academic, Hannah Arendt, represented an “anomaly” in the cultural climate of the time in which she lived. Exiled due to Nazi persecution, she lived through circumstances of oppression, of being a refugee, and finally, of statelessness. It was, more than anything else, that final situation which she underwent for a long period of her life which allowed her to understand what it means to live within the confines of the world, to be rejected, to be a foreigner without a country. Unquestionably, foreigners, barbarians, and outcasts fill the pages of a great deal of Hannah Arendt’s most important writings. That being a condition which doesn’t allow the possibility of having rights, not even the supposed “natural” ones which are consubstantial with humankind. Conscious of this, she upheld that the “right to have rights” can be guaranteed simply by belonging to a community. For this reason, in addition to its legal-political status, being a citizen represents this link intrinsically. En alemán:Im intellektuellen Panorama des 19.Jht. erscheint Hannah Arendt wie eine besonders einzigartige Persönlichkeit. Ein außergewöhnlicher Charakter, der schon früh aufgrund der intellektuellen Kraft und Unabhängigkeit durch differenzierte Merkmale auffällt. Faszinierendes und ausgefallenes Denken, artikuliert und komplex, nur schwierig in vorgefertigte Schemata einzuordnen, ein Denken, auf das man noch heute, hundert Jahre nach ihrer Geburt, nicht verzichtet kann. Zu sehr Philosophin, weniger akademisch, stellt Hannah Arendt einen “anormalen Fall” im kulturellen Panorama ihrer Epoche dar. Sie flüchtet vor der Verfolgung der Nationalsozialisten, lebt als Verfolgte, Flüchtige, und schließlich als Staatenlose. Dieser letzte Status umfasst besonders viel Zeit ihres Lebens und lässt uns verstehen, was es bedeutet, an den Grenzen dieser Welt zu leben, verstoßen, in der Fremde ohne Heimat. Ausländer, Barbaren, Verstoßene, füllen die meisten Seiten der bedeutendsten Werke Arendts; ein Merkmal ist, dass die Möglichkeit, Rechte zu haben, nicht existiert, nicht einmal diejenigen Rechte, die für “natürlich” gehalten werden und die dem Menschen eigen sind. Die Autorin ist sich dessen bewusst und unterstreicht, dass das “Recht, Rechte zu haben” durch die bloße Zugehörigkeit zu einer Gemeinschaft garantiert wird, dadurch ist die Staatsbürgerschaft mehr als ein politisch-juristischer Status, er vertritt gerade diese Beziehung

Transfer Pricing: Achieving Fair National Taxation of International Transactions

This article will examine the significance of transfer pricing. Further, it will review, as an example, the current national and international systems and procedures for identifying and capturing tax lost due to inaccurate transfer pricing used by two countries: the United States, as the originator and developer of much of the transfer pricing methodology, and Japan, one of the countries most actively involved in the regulation of transfer pricing and also a major trading partner of the United States. It will include a brief analysis of current issues and possible solutions to transfer pricing

Coastal Radar "Wera", a Tool for Hazards Management

Source: ICHE Conference Archive - https://mdi-de.baw.de/icheArchiv

Edge Channel Interference Controlled by Landau Level Filling

We study the visibility of Aharonov-Bohm interference in an electronic Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) in the integer quantum Hall regime. The visibility is controlled by the filling factor $\nu$ and is observed only between $\nu \approx 2.0$ and 1.0, with an unexpected maximum near $\nu=1.5$. Three energy scales extracted from the temperature and voltage dependences of the visibility change in a very similar way with the filling factor, indicating that the different aspects of the interference depend sensitively on the local structure of the compressible and incompressible strips forming the quantum Hall edge channels.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, final version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev.

Counting Statistics and Dephasing Transition in an Electronic Mach-Zehnder Interferometer

It was recently suggested that a novel type of phase transition may occur in the visibility of electronic Mach-Zehnder Interferometers. Here, we present experimental evidence for the existence of this transition. The transition is induced by strongly non-Gaussian noise that originates from the strong coupling of a quantum point contact to the interferometer. We provide a transparent physical picture of the effect, by exploiting a close analogy to the neutrino-oscillations of particle physics. In addition, our experiment constitutes a probe of the singularity of the elusive full counting statistics of a quantum point contact.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures (+Supplement 8 pages, 9 figures