Levels of depression among delinquent females and academically gifted females: treatment implications

Includes bibliographical references

Pay, productivity and aging in Major League Baseball

Using panels of player pay and performance from Major League Baseball (MLB), we examine trends in player productivity and salaries as players age. Pooling players of all ability levels leads to a systematic bias in regression coefficients. After addressing this problem by dividing players into talent quintiles, we find that the best players peak about two years later than marginal players, and development and depreciation of ability appear to be more pronounced for players with the highest peak ability levels. Within-career variation, however, is less pronounced than between-player variation, and the talent level of players within a given quintile will typically remain lower than the talent level for rookies in the next higher quintile. Free agents are paid proportionately with their production at all ability levels, whereas young players’ salaries are suppressed by similar amounts.Major League Baseball (MLB); career dynamics; player salaries and performance; quintile analysis

Long-Term Contracts in Major League Baseball

Long-term deals are one tool that both players and franchises use to manage risk. That tool has been much discussed and empirically tested with respect to player shirking, and has more briefly, and only theoretically, discussed with respect to reducing variance in future payrolls. Our work looks at how patterns of use of long-term contracts are affected by changes in contracting rules established through collective bargaining and by expected changes in franchise revenue streams. To accomplish this, we have assembled the most complete dataset of MLB player contracts to date. We analyze changes in contract length and dollar value across players of different ability levels, at different points in their careers (contract status), by position, across CBA agreements, and further examine if new stadiums and new television deals impact contract terms. We confirm the earlier finding that player performance is systematically higher during contract years than during the early portion of a long-term contract. We also find that inclusion of contract length information significantly reduces the unexplained variation in player salaries.Major League Baseball (MLB); long-term contracts; player salaries and performance; collective bargaining agreements (CBA)

The Collective Bargaining Effects of NBA Player Productivity Dynamics

We apply quintile regression methodology to player pay and performance data from the 1985-86 to 2005-06 seasons of the National Basketball Association (NBA). In addition to confirming a finding from Hakes and Turner (2007) of systematic bias in pooled OLS regressions of career paths for salary and productivity, the quintile analysis presents two important results regarding NBA salary structure. Unlike Major League Baseball (MLB), the highest ability veteran NBA players suffer salary suppression relative to the lesser-talented players in their debut-year cohort, indicating rents have been transferred from the most able players to players of lesser abilities. Also, while young NBA players in general suffer from salary suppression relative to free agents, as is well-reported in baseball, our regression results show that the highest-ability young players suffer the most salary suppression, and that the effects of the rookie salary cap in the 1995 NBA Collective Bargaining Agreement depressed salaries for young players of all ability levels.career dynamics; pay and productivity; professional basketball

TI Lesson Plan: Volume Area and Mass

To give the students visual models to understand the concept of area, volume, and the ratio of area to volume

Internal Waves Generated from Asymmetric Topographies

Internal waves are a key part of the energy budget of the ocean and atmosphere. The generation of internal waves in the ocean from tides is dependent on the frequency of oscillation, the profile of the underwater mountain range, and the density of water in the surrounding ocean. A study of the effect of an asymmetric mountain range, with varying pro-files, on the generation of internal waves is presented. Results begin to indicate that the wave is mostly similar when generated on either side of the topography, but might extend to higher wavenumbers in Fourier space when generated on the wide side