464 research outputs found
On the Complexity of Chore Division
We study the proportional chore division problem where a protocol wants to
divide an undesirable object, called chore, among different players. The
goal is to find an allocation such that the cost of the chore assigned to each
player be at most of the total cost. This problem is the dual variant of
the cake cutting problem in which we want to allocate a desirable object.
Edmonds and Pruhs showed that any protocol for the proportional cake cutting
must use at least queries in the worst case, however,
finding a lower bound for the proportional chore division remained an
interesting open problem. We show that chore division and cake cutting problems
are closely related to each other and provide an lower bound
for chore division
The Satisfiability Threshold of Random 3-SAT Is at Least 3.52
We prove that a random 3-SAT instance with clause-to-variable density less
than 3.52 is satisfiable with high probability. The proof comes through an
algorithm which selects (and sets) a variable depending on its degree and that
of its complement
Jointly Optimal Channel and Power Assignment for Dual-Hop Multi-channel Multi-user Relaying
We consider the problem of jointly optimizing channel pairing, channel-user
assignment, and power allocation, to maximize the weighted sum-rate, in a
single-relay cooperative system with multiple channels and multiple users.
Common relaying strategies are considered, and transmission power constraints
are imposed on both individual transmitters and the aggregate over all
transmitters. The joint optimization problem naturally leads to a mixed-integer
program. Despite the general expectation that such problems are intractable, we
construct an efficient algorithm to find an optimal solution, which incurs
computational complexity that is polynomial in the number of channels and the
number of users. We further demonstrate through numerical experiments that the
jointly optimal solution can significantly improve system performance over its
suboptimal alternatives.Comment: This is the full version of a paper to appear in the IEEE Journal on
Selected Areas in Communications, Special Issue on Cooperative Networking -
Challenges and Applications (Part II), October 201
Fixed-Parameter Tractability of Directed Multiway Cut Parameterized by the Size of the Cutset
Given a directed graph , a set of terminals and an integer , the
\textsc{Directed Vertex Multiway Cut} problem asks if there is a set of at
most (nonterminal) vertices whose removal disconnects each terminal from
all other terminals. \textsc{Directed Edge Multiway Cut} is the analogous
problem where is a set of at most edges. These two problems indeed are
known to be equivalent. A natural generalization of the multiway cut is the
\emph{multicut} problem, in which we want to disconnect only a set of given
pairs instead of all pairs. Marx (Theor. Comp. Sci. 2006) showed that in
undirected graphs multiway cut is fixed-parameter tractable (FPT) parameterized
by . Marx and Razgon (STOC 2011) showed that undirected multicut is FPT and
directed multicut is W[1]-hard parameterized by . We complete the picture
here by our main result which is that both \textsc{Directed Vertex Multiway
Cut} and \textsc{Directed Edge Multiway Cut} can be solved in time
, i.e., FPT parameterized by size of the cutset of
the solution. This answers an open question raised by Marx (Theor. Comp. Sci.
2006) and Marx and Razgon (STOC 2011). It follows from our result that
\textsc{Directed Multicut} is FPT for the case of terminal pairs, which
answers another open problem raised in Marx and Razgon (STOC 2011)
Parameterized Complexity of Problems in Coalitional Resource Games
Coalition formation is a key topic in multi-agent systems. Coalitions enable
agents to achieve goals that they may not have been able to achieve on their
own. Previous work has shown problems in coalitional games to be
computationally hard. Wooldridge and Dunne (Artificial Intelligence 2006)
studied the classical computational complexity of several natural decision
problems in Coalitional Resource Games (CRG) - games in which each agent is
endowed with a set of resources and coalitions can bring about a set of goals
if they are collectively endowed with the necessary amount of resources. The
input of coalitional resource games bundles together several elements, e.g.,
the agent set Ag, the goal set G, the resource set R, etc. Shrot, Aumann and
Kraus (AAMAS 2009) examine coalition formation problems in the CRG model using
the theory of Parameterized Complexity. Their refined analysis shows that not
all parts of input act equal - some instances of the problem are indeed
tractable while others still remain intractable.
We answer an important question left open by Shrot, Aumann and Kraus by
showing that the SC Problem (checking whether a Coalition is Successful) is
W[1]-hard when parameterized by the size of the coalition. Then via a single
theme of reduction from SC, we are able to show that various problems related
to resources, resource bounds and resource conflicts introduced by Wooldridge
et al are 1. W[1]-hard or co-W[1]-hard when parameterized by the size of the
coalition. 2. para-NP-hard or co-para-NP-hard when parameterized by |R|. 3. FPT
when parameterized by either |G| or |Ag|+|R|.Comment: This is the full version of a paper that will appear in the
proceedings of AAAI 201
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