DEGRADATION OF ORGANIC EFFLUENT COMPOUND, DYE (MALACHITE GREEN OXALATE) BY USING HYDROGEN PEROXIDE (H202)

This project is about degradation oforganic compound in the waste water by using chemical. It is a method ofoxidizing organic compounds in aqueous solution by using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Concentrations oforganic compounds are very high in the waste water. So oxidizing agent such as hydrogen peroxide which has a higher oxidizing potential is used in degradation oforganic compounds in waste water. Hydrogen peroxide is used as the oxidizing agent because it is cheap and easy to handle. Oxidation removes harmful and toxic substances. These methods are very important because can degrade organic pollutants to non toxic substance such as carbon dioxide and water. The degradation ofdye is chosen as the organic compound to be tested on. Malachite Green Oxalate is the tested dye. Pollution ofwater by dyes is a serious problem in the developed countries. Many industries use dyes to color their products. These highly colored components when discharged with wastewater in the water bodies stop reoxgenation capacity ifthe receiving water and cut-off sunlight, thereby upsetting biological activity in aquatic life. Furthermore, the expanded use ofdyes has shown that some ofthem and some oftheir reaction products, such aromatic amines, are highly carcinogenic. The removal ofdyes (color) from wastewater is, therefore, a challenge to the related industries. The parameters mat are tested on are: (i) The initial dye concentration (ii) The hydrogen peroxide concentration (iii) Stirring/ Speed (iv) Temperature The manipulated variable is the concentration ofhydrogen peroxide. The concentration is varied and the corresponding level ofdegradation is tested at constant time. The initial dye concentration and the temperature is also varied to investigate the effect on dye degradation. The concentration ofdye at certain time is measured using UV Spectr

Wear performance and hardness property of A356.1 Aluminium alloy reinforced with Zirconium Oxide Nano particle

Aluminum alloy reinforced with Nano-​sized ZrO2 particles are widely used for high performance applications such as automotive, military, aerospace, and electricity industries because of their improved phys. and mech. properties. In this research, Zirconium Oxide (ZrO2) Nano particles were synthesized by Soln. Combustion Synthesis process. The Nano particles were characterized by Powder X-​ray diffraction (PXRD) and TEM. A356.1 Aluminum alloy was reinforced with 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 Wt.​% of the Synthesized Zirconium Oxide Nanoparticle via stir casting Technique. The composites were then characterized by SEM (SEM)​. Hardness and Wear tests were carried out at varying Wt.​% ratios with varying Conditions of Speed, Load and Time. The results reveal that the Nano Metal Matrix Composite (NMMC)​'s contg. 2.0 Wt.​% reinforcement particle has improved mech. properties

Bioremediation of acid mine drainage : a proteomic and genomic approach

The most significant environmental issue that has arisen in the mining industries over the last two decades is that of Acid Mine Drainage or Acid Rock Drainage (AMD​/ARD) from tailing dumps and waste mined rock piles. Bacillus subtilis and its metabolic products have been used in our studies. In this work, selective sepn. of pyrite from oxides such as quartz and calcite as well as galena (sulfide mineral) was achieved. Through microbially induced flotation, pyrite could be sepd. with 90​% efficiency from quartz and calcite leading to desulphurisation and depyritization making the process environmentally benign. Mineral specific proteins were found in extracellular proteins isolated from the cell free ext. when B. subtilis was grown in presence of minerals through SDS-​PAGE. The suppression of some genes was obsd. in the RAPD profile of the genomic DNA in presence of minerals. The cells of B. subtilis proved to be 45-​60​% efficient in the biosorption of lead metal ions at 10 and 50ppm of lead metal ion. The exopolymers extd. from B. subtilis proved to be 50-​60​% efficient in biosorption of lead metal ions. This study shows possibilities for development of eco friendly technologies for bioremediation

Utilization of Exo Polymers Secreted by Bacillus Licheniformis for the Remediation of Lead

High levels of dissolved metals in the environment includes active and abandoned mine sites as well as industrial effluents also contribute to lead contamination in both water and soil. As compared to the conventional remediation techniques, biological methods are gaining prominence because of their potential in providing a cost effective technology for heavy metal remediation. Biopolymer produced by Bacillus licheniformis was investigated with regard to remediation of lead metal ion. Biopolymer production was optimum when grown in M9 medium, biopolymer from B licheniformis was then used for bio sorption of lead metal ion at neutral pH range, 95-98% of biosorption was observed in case of 10ppm and 50ppm lead metal ions, this study shows utility of biopolymers in bioremediation of lead metal ions

Preparation, Characterisation And Wear Study Of Aluminium Alloy (Al356.1) Reinforced With Zirconium Nano Particles

In this research paper Aluminum alloy (Al356.1) matrix composite reinforced with Zirconium Oxide nano particle in the weight % of 0.5, 1, 1.5, and 2.0 %. Reinforcement process is carried out by stir casting method Microstructure and mechanical properties of Nano composites. The nanocompo sites were characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). Wear test were carried out in order to identify the mechanical properties The results reveal that the composites containing 1.5 wt % reinforcement particle fabricated at 850oC have homogenous reinforcements of ZrO2in Al356.1 wear properties and hardness strength also improve

Bioremediation of acid mine drainage : a proteomic and genomic approach

The most significant environmental issue that has arisen in the mining industries over the last two decades is that of Acid Mine Drainage or Acid Rock Drainage (AMD​/ARD) from tailing dumps and waste mined rock piles. Bacillus subtilis and its metabolic products have been used in our studies. In this work, selective sepn. of pyrite from oxides such as quartz and calcite as well as galena (sulfide mineral) was achieved. Through microbially induced flotation, pyrite could be sepd. with 90​% efficiency from quartz and calcite leading to desulphurisation and depyritization making the process environmentally benign. Mineral specific proteins were found in extracellular proteins isolated from the cell free ext. when B. subtilis was grown in presence of minerals through SDS-​PAGE. The suppression of some genes was obsd. in the RAPD profile of the genomic DNA in presence of minerals. The cells of B. subtilis proved to be 45-​60​% efficient in the biosorption of lead metal ions at 10 and 50ppm of lead metal ion. The exopolymers extd. from B. subtilis proved to be 50-​60​% efficient in biosorption of lead metal ions. This study shows possibilities for development of eco friendly technologies for bioremediation

Isolation and Screening of Chlorella Sorokiniana for Wastewater Treatment and Biodiesel Production

Abstract- Microalgae grown on wastewater are a probable source of low cost wastewater treatment and biodiesel production. In the study, microalgae was enumerated and identified as Chlorella sorokiniana by 18S rDNA sequence which was cultivated in different wastewater for nutrient removal as well as biodiesel production were studied. The results reveal that the pH of different wastewater samples almost neutralized by microalgae, the total dissolved solids elimination ranging from 52 to 66%, the biological oxygen demand removal efficiency varied much among different wastewaters the removal rate is of 72 to 90%, the chemical oxygen demand removal ranges from 59 to 75%. The magnesium level was decreased and efficiency is about 36 to 60%, the sulphates absorption efficiency was ranging from 57 to 68% and the chloride removal efficiency was 13 to 33%. The lipid content was obtained from the algal biomass which are grown in different wastewater samples was transesterified for biodiesel production, the biodiesel was analyzed by FTIR which meets the ASTM and EU standards, hence from the current study it is evident that Chlorella sorokiniana can be effectively used for potential source for phycoremediation and biodiesel productio

Development of Ni-Sic Composite Coatings for Corrosion Studies

In the present work, the effect of electrochemical bath parameter like corrosion rate on physical and mechanical properties of Nickel based SiC composite coating on Mild Steel substrate was studied. Ni-SiC nano-composite coatings were prepared on a MS substrate by electro-co-deposition process using a sulphamate bath. Corrosion rate, by using a salt spray test, was measured at different experimental conditions and the results were tabulated. The experimental results showed that the corrosion rate was lowest at SiC loading of 4 gm/l, 3 A/dm2 of Current density and 45oC of bath temperature

Characterization and Property Evaluation of A356.1 Aluminum Alloy Reinforced with MgO Nano Particle.

Aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) reinforced with Nano-sized MgO particles are widely used for high performance applications such as automotive, military, aerospace and electricity industries because of their improved physical and mechanical properties. In this research, Magnesium Oxide (MgO) Nano particles were synthesized by Solution Combustion Synthesis process. The Nano particles were characterized by Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). A356.1 Aluminium alloy was reinforced with 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 Wt.% of the Synthesized Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticle, via stir casting Technique. The composites were then characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Hardness and Wear tests were carried out at Varying Wt. % ratios with varying Conditions of Speed, Load and Time. The results reveal that the Nano Metal Matrix Composite (NMMC)’s containing 2.0 Wt.% reinforcement particle has improved mechanical propertie

An automatic feature extraction technique from the images of granular parakeratosis disease

The largest and most vital part of the human body is skin and any change in the features of skin is termed as a skin lesion. The paper considers granular parakeratosis lesion that is an epidermal reaction occurring due to the disorder of keratinization, and mainly seen in intertriginous areas. The manual inspection of the lesion features is a bit cumbersome due to which an automated system is proposed in this paper. The main goal is to determine the size and depth of granular parakeratosis lesions using the proposed ensemble algorithm, partition clustering and region properties method. As a flow of the proposed model, segmentation is done using U-net with binary cross entropy, features are extracted using partition clustering and region properties method, and classification is done using SVM 10-fold model. The proposed feature extraction method estimates the depth and absolute size of K lesions in each image by predicting the absolute height and width of the lesion in terms of pixel square. After extracting the features, classification is done, thereby obtaining an accuracy of 95%, sensitivity and specificity of 100%. The proposed model provides better performance compared to state-of-the-art models. The main application of this automated system is in dermatology field where some skin lesions have same features which makes the experts to diagnose the disease incorrectly. If the proposed system is incorporated, diagnosis can be done in an effective manner considering all the relevant features