A Frontier Model for Landscape Ecology: The Tapir in Honduras

We borrow a frontier specification from the econometrics literature to make inferences about the tolerance of the tapir to human settlements. We estimate the width of an invisible band surrounding human settlements which would act as a frontier or exclusion zone to the tapir to be around 290 meters.Tapir, Frontier models, landscape ecology, conservation

Early Feeding After a Total Abdominal Hysterectomy

Background: Oral fluids and food are traditionally introduced slowly after total abdominal hysterectomy (TAH). This descriptive study examined the effect and tolerance of early oral intake following this surgery. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted on 164 patients who had been on a clinical pathway following TAH. Comparisons in initiation of fluids and foods, and gastrointestinal effects were made between the early fed group (n=82) and the traditionally fed group (n=82). Results: Both groups had the similar gastrointestinal symptoms postoperatively, but the early fed group had an earlier bowel movement. The early fed group had a statistically significant shorter length of stay. Similar usage of anti-nausea medication and pain medication usage was noted between the two groups, except for a lower usage of Tylenol #3 (acetaminophen with codeine) in the early fed group. Conclusions: This study found that early feeding could be tolerated well in TAH patients, with statistically significant improvements in usage of some pain medication and length of stay were noted in the early fed group

James O. McKinsey

The first book on the subject of budgeting, and the first textbook on managerial accounting, were both authored by James O. McKinsey, a professor at the University of Chicago. He was also one of the main contributors to the development of accounting education in the United States during the first third of the twentieth century. He became president of the American Association of University Instructors in Accounting, the predecessor of the American Accounting Association

Saga of a Freedom of Information Act search

Locating and gathering research materials may be the most difficult aspect of conducting historical accounting research studies. One must dig for archival materials in any fertile ground. An important source of data may often be overlooked by historical researchers due to the perceived difficulties of dealing with the bureaucracy of the federal government. The Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) provides a vital source of inquiry on many subject areas once the tricks of dealing with government agencies can be mastered

Happiness and Time Preference: An Empirical Analysis of Individual Happiness and Information on Intertemporal Choice and Delaying Gratification

Individuals tend to discount the future, meaning they value a reward more in the present than the same reward in the future. Research indicates there are several consequences to the rate one discounts the future, suggesting those who value the future more have better life outcomes. Because of the ramifications of such decisions, this study explores the dynamic of the relationship between discounting and one’s happiness. Participants indicated an indifference point for given present values for given time periods in the future, using both money and periods happiness as hypothetical rewards. These indifference points allow for the calculation of various discounting parameters. Furthermore, the research analyzes if knowing about the positive effects of valuing the future more affected how people made their decisions. The study also includes a further analysis of different discounting functions, as well as proposes functions which incorporate happiness into the model, and discusses the implications of the different models. Although only two tests returned statistically significant results, most measures aligned with the hypotheses