13,458 research outputs found
Heisenberg model in a random field: phase diagram and tricritical behavior
By using the differential operator technique and the effective field theory
scheme we study the tricritical behavior of Heisenberg classical model of
spin-1/2 in a random field. The phase diagram in the T-h plane on a square and
simple cubic lattice for a cluster with two spins is obtained when the random
field is bimodal distributed.Comment: 10 pages, 1 figur
Syntonets: Toward A Harmony-Inspired General Model of Complex Networks
We report an approach to obtaining complex networks with diverse topology,
here called syntonets, taking into account the consonances and dissonances
between notes as defined by scale temperaments. Though the fundamental
frequency is usually considered, in real-world sounds several additional
frequencies (partials) accompany the respective fundamental, influencing both
timber and consonance between simultaneous notes. We use a method based on
Helmholtz's consonance approach to quantify the consonances and dissonances
between each of the pairs of notes in a given temperament. We adopt two
distinct partials structures: (i) harmonic; and (ii) shifted, obtained by
taking the harmonic components to a given power , which is henceforth
called the anharmonicity index. The latter type of sounds is more realistic in
the sense that they reflect non-linearities implied by real-world instruments.
When these consonances/dissonances are estimated along several octaves,
respective syntonets can be obtained, in which nodes and weighted edge
represent notes, and consonance/dissonance, respectively. The obtained results
are organized into two main groups, those related to network science and
musical theory. Regarding the former group, we have that the syntonets can
provide, for varying values of , a wide range of topologies spanning the
space comprised between traditional models. Indeed, it is suggested here that
syntony may provide a kind of universal complex network model. The musical
interpretations of the results include the confirmation of the more regular
consonance pattern of the equal temperament, obtained at the expense of a wider
range of consonances such as that in the meantone temperament. We also have
that scales derived for shifted partials tend to have a wider range of
consonances/dissonances, depending on the temperament and anharmonicity
strength
On degree-degree correlations in multilayer networks
We propose a generalization of the concept of assortativity based on the
tensorial representation of multilayer networks, covering the definitions given
in terms of Pearson and Spearman coefficients. Our approach can also be applied
to weighted networks and provides information about correlations considering
pairs of layers. By analyzing the multilayer representation of the airport
transportation network, we show that contrasting results are obtained when the
layers are analyzed independently or as an interconnected system. Finally, we
study the impact of the level of assortativity and heterogeneity between layers
on the spreading of diseases. Our results highlight the need of studying
degree-degree correlations on multilayer systems, instead of on aggregated
networks.Comment: 8 pages, 3 figure
A polynomial eigenvalue approach for multiplex networks
We explore the block nature of the matrix representation of multiplex
networks, introducing a new formalism to deal with its spectral properties as a
function of the inter-layer coupling parameter. This approach allows us to
derive interesting results based on an interpretation of the traditional
eigenvalue problem. More specifically, we reduce the dimensionality of our
matrices but increase the power of the characteristic polynomial, i.e, a
polynomial eigenvalue problem. Such an approach may sound counterintuitive at
first glance, but it allows us to relate the quadratic problem for a 2-Layer
multiplex system with the spectra of the aggregated network and to derive
bounds for the spectra, among many other interesting analytical insights.
Furthermore, it also permits to directly obtain analytical and numerical
insights on the eigenvalue behavior as a function of the coupling between
layers. Our study includes the supra-adjacency, supra-Laplacian, and the
probability transition matrices, which enable us to put our results under the
perspective of structural phases in multiplex networks. We believe that this
formalism and the results reported will make it possible to derive new results
for multiplex networks in the future.Comment: 15 pages including figures. Submitted for publicatio
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