Building Safe Families Through Educating on Adverse Childhood Experiences

Master's Project (M.Ed.) University of Alaska Fairbanks, 2018There is a strong correlation between families that work with child welfare agencies and the prevalence of maltreatment during childhood. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been linked to poor health outcomes but are much more negatively correlated when 3 or more ACEs have been experienced during a childhood (Hunt, Slack & Berger, 2017; Crouch, Strompolis, Bennett, Morse, & Radcliff, 2017). Teaching parents about the impacts of ACEs and how they may more safely parent, can reduce the recidivism of future maltreatment in at-risk families who work with child welfare agencies. Education can give parents the power and motivation to make better decisions for themselves and for their families

Automated rendezvous and docking: A parametric study

A technique for achieving autonomous rendezvous and docking of two orbiting space vehicles is described. Results of a digital computer simulation of the technique are presented and used to evaluate its performance under a wide variety of conditions, including docking with tumbling spacecraft. The interrelationships between initial range, tumbling rates, fuel consumption, and time requirements are explored. Factors which limit performance are identified and beneficial modifications proposed

Autonomous rendezvous and capture system design

Marshall Space Flight Center has a long history of involvement in the design of Autonomous Rendezvous and Capture (AR&C) systems. The first extensive studies were begun in the late seventies, incrementally leading to the development of an assortment of Guidance, Navigation, and Control (GN&C) concepts and algorithms suitable for a variety of mission requirements and spacecraft capabilities, with a strong emphasis placed upon flexible system-level design. These efforts have led to the development of sophisticated algorithms for docking with tumbling targets, and simple but efficient algorithms for stabilized spacecraft; each has been tested and validated using dynamic system simulation, with hardware in the loop when practical. Recent investigations include the use of neural networks for video image interpretation, and fuzzy logic for control system implementation

Closed-loop autonomous docking system

An autonomous docking system is provided which produces commands for the steering and propulsion system of a chase vehicle used in the docking of that chase vehicle with a target vehicle. The docking system comprises a passive optical target affixed to the target vehicle and comprising three reflective areas including a central area mounted on a short post, and tracking sensor and process controller apparatus carried by the chase vehicle. The latter apparatus comprises a laser diode array for illuminating the target so as to cause light to be reflected from the reflective areas of the target; a sensor for detecting the light reflected from the target and for producing an electrical output signal in accordance with an image of the reflected light; a signal processor for processing the electrical output signal in accordance with an image of the reflected light; a signal processor for processing the electrical output signal and for producing, based thereon, output signals relating to the relative range, roll, pitch, yaw, azimuth, and elevation of the chase and target vehicles; and a docking process controller, responsive to the output signals produced by the signal processor, for producing command signals for controlling the steering and propulsion system of the chase vehicle

Health Disparities in Colorectal Cancer Screening in United States: Race/ethnicity or Shifting Paradigms?

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the third leading cause of cancer death in the United States. The incidence, mortality, and screening vary by race/ethnicity, with African Americans and Hispanics being disproportionately represented. Early detection through screening prolongs survival and decreases mortality. CRC screening (CRCS) varies by race/ethnicity, with lower prevalence rates observed among minorities, but the factors associated with such disparities remain to be fully understood. The current study aimed to examine the ethnic/racial disparities in the prevalence of CRCS, and the explanatory factors therein in a large sample of U.S. residents, using the National Health Interview Survey, 2003. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional, epidemiologic design was used with a chi squareto assess the prevalence of CRCS, while a survey logistic regression model was used to assess the odds of being screened. Results: There was a significant variability in CRCS, with minorities demonstrating lower prevalence relative to Caucasians χ2 (3) = 264.4, p\u3c 0.0001. After controlling for the covariates, racial/ethnic disparities in CRCS persisted. Compared to Caucasians, African Americans/Blacks were 28% (adjusted prevalence odds ratio [APOR] = 0.72, 99% CI, 0.60-0.80), while Hispanics 33% (APOR, 0.67, 99% CI, 0.53-0.84) and Asians 37% (APOR, 0.63, 99% CI, 0.43-0.95) were less likely to be screened for CRC. Conclusion: Among older Americans, racial/ethnic disparities in CRCS exist, which was unexplained by racial/ethnic variance in the covariates associated with CRCS. These findings recommend further studies in enhancing the understanding of confounders and mediators of disparities in CRCS and the application of these factors including the health belief model in improving CRCS among ethnic/racial minorities

IMPACT OF NEW FARM BILL PROVISIONS ON OPTIMAL RESOURCE ALLOCATION ON HIGHLY ERODIBLE SOILS

The study focuses on incentives to produce crops under reduced tillage systems on highly erodible soils. A mixed integer, mathematical programming model was developed to identify optimal resource use under alternative farm program provisions. A positive counter cyclical payment only reinforces the incentive to comply with NRCS soil erosion constrains.Crop Production/Industries,