Modeling the hall-petch effect with a gradient crystal plasticity theory including a grain boundary yield criterion

Abstract. A strain gradient crystal plasticity theory including the gradient of the equiv- alent plastic strain ∇γeq is discussed. A grain boundary yield condition is proposed in order to account for the influence of the grain boundaries. Periodic tensile test simulations show the mechanical predictions of the numerical model

In how far are neurological rehabilitation methods for criminal offenders compatible with the concept of human dignity?

In recent years neuroscience has experienced a drastic increase in popularity, driven by leaps of progress made in the field (Giordano, 2011, p. 412). By now, many interdisciplinary fields have emerged from it, two prominent examples being neurolaw and neuroethics (Shen, 2010, p. 352; Levy, 2008, p. 1). Neuroscience is nowadays also discussed in the context of the criminal justice system and may soon be used in the field of trial evidence, detecting biases in juries and judges, to make defendants competent for trial, and many other areas of the criminal law (Neurolaw: A video introduction). A very interesting field is rehabilitation of criminal offenders. The more neuroscience discovers about what is commonly termed the ‘criminal mind’, the more science attempts to find treatments that could help to correct deviant behaviour and reintegrate offenders into society (Greely, 2008, p. 1104). A number of direct as well as indirect methods of brain intervention are currently discussed in respect to their usefulness for this purpose. However, there are many caveats to such uses of brain intervention. This paper will deal with one of those caveats: the principle of human dignity. In this work, I wish to investigate in how far brain intervention for the purpose of rehabilitation of convicted criminal offenders is compatible with the notion of human dignity

Review on Slip Transmission Criteria in Experiments and Crystal Plasticity Models

A comprehensive overview is given of the literature on slip transmission criteria for grain boundaries in metals, with a focus on slip system and grain boundary orientation. Much of this extensive literature has been informed by experimental investigations. The use of geometric criteria in continuum crystal plasticity models is discussed. The theoretical framework of Gurtin (2008, J. Mech. Phys. Solids 56, p. 640) is reviewed for the single slip case. This highlights the connections to slip transmission criteria from the literature that are not discussed in the work itself. Different geometric criteria are compared for the single slip case with regard to their prediction of slip transmission. Perspectives on additional criteria, investigated in experiments and used in computational simulations, are given.Comment: in Journal of Materials Science, 201

Constructing ideal body appearance for women: a multimodal analysis of a TV advertisement

Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Comunicação e Expressão. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Letras/Inglês e Literatura CorrespondenteThe multi-semiotic representations enacted by advertising disclose the world views in and through which it is created and consumed. Messages of gender promoting female body insecurity are strategically explored in advertisements to support diverse branches of body alteration industry including pharmaceutics. Thus, a discursive-semiotic content analysis of the national version of a 30-second television advertisement for Xenical, a prescription weight-management drug, is developed with a focus on the multimodal aspects of the dynamic displays of meaning-making resources. The key objective of this study is to carry out a critical examination of discursive-semiotic construction of gender identities, social relations and representations on the basis of the contextual and textual features of the film text. The dynamic unfolding of the images constituting the TV advertisement is based on a model of multimodal transcription of film genre proposed by Baldry & Thibault (2006) in which the visual configuration is divided into phases and organized according to the chronological sequence of the film and then aligned with its verbal information. At the micro level of visual analysis, the representational, interactional and compositional meanings of each shot are taken into account in line with the multimodal semiotic approach proposed by Kress and van Leeuven (1996; 2006). Similarly, the lexicogrammatical analysis of the verbal information/ utterances in the film is carried out in line with the tri-functional conceptualization of meaning proposed by Halliday (1994) and Halliday & Mathiessen, (2004). At the macro level, the contextual features are analyzed drawing upon principles of critical discourse analysis (Fairclough, 2003). The complex metafunctional interpretation of the structures of meaning indicates how visual and verbal meaning-making resources are expertly combined in order to produce, maintain and sustain ideological gender messages reinforcing social inequalities. As representações multi-semióticas oriundas da propaganda revelam as visões do mundo nas quais e através das quais a mesma é criada e consumida. Menssagens relacionadas ao gênero social que produzem inseguranças no corpo feminino são estrategicamente exploradas por comerciais com o objetivo de sustentarem diversos ramos da indústria de modificação do corpo incluindo o setor farmacêutico. Assim sendo, nesta tese desenvolve-se uma análise semiótica-discursiva do conteúdo de uma versão nacional de 30 segundos de uma propaganda de TV promovendo o medicamento Xenical, utilizado para o controle de peso, tendo em vista os aspectos multimodais da representação dinâmica dos recursos que compõem o significado do texto como um todo. O objetivo deste estudo consiste em promover uma investigação crítica envolvendo a construção semiótica-discursiva das identidades de gênero, suas relações e representações baseada em fatores textuais e contextuais de um texto sob o formato de filme. A investigação da dinâmica por das imagens de tal propaganda foi baseada em um modelo multimodal de transcrição de filme proposto por Baldry & Thibault (2006) no qual a formatação textual foi dividida em fases organizadas de acordo com a seqüência cronológica para a seguir serem alinhadas com as respectivas informações verbais. No que concerne a análise visual das fases, foi considerado o método semiótico multimodal proposto por by Kress e van Leeuven (1996; 2006). A análise lexicogramatical das informações verbais e das falas contidas no filme foi igualmente desenvolvida de acordo com o conceito tri-funcional de significado proposto por Halliday (1994) e Halliday & Mathiessen, (2004). Por sua vez, os aspectos contextuais são também examinados conforme os princípios de análise crítica do discurso (Fairclough, 2003). A complexa interpretação metafuncional deste tipo de texto indica como os recursos visuais e verbais são astutamente combinados para continuarem produzindo, mantendo e sustentando mensagens ideológicas em relação a gênero social as quais reforçam as desigualdades sociais