How Will I Thrive? Developing Designer Professional Identity Among Undergraduate Communication Design Students

A designer’s professional identity is constructed throughout a designer’s life and is developed through life experiences and education. While understanding the general importance of a professional identity is often clear to recent design graduates, developing it requires becoming self-aware of what traits constitutes designer professional identity (DPI). Kunrath, Cash and Yi-ling (2016) define DPI as the synthesis of personal attributes and design skills. However, the development of this full complement of DPI traits is often ignored and ill-supported in design education curriculum. A student’s DPI, if under-developed, can be a barrier to successfully transitioning from student to professional. Design educators have the opportunity to take the lead in developing a stronger sense of professional identity in their students. The primary purpose of the mixed methods study was to gain an understanding of how design educators can further develop a strong sense of DPI in university communication design students. The secondary purpose was to determine how CD students develop their sense of designer professional identity and what factors contribute to its development. The results of this study build upon the body of research surrounding design education and identifies areas that can improve the holistic development of students’ DPI

The Effects of Age on Red Giant Metallicities Derived from the Near-Infrared Ca II Triplet

We have obtained spectra with resolution 2.5 Angstroms in the region 7500-9500 Angstroms for 116 red giants in 5 Galactic globular clusters and 6 old open clusters (5 with published metallicities, and one previously unmeasured). The signal-to-noise ranges from 20 to 85. We measure the equivalent widths of the infrared Ca II triplet absorption lines in each stars and compare to cluster metallicities taken from the literature. With globular cluster abundances on the Carretta & Gratton scale, and open cluster abundances taken from the compilation of Friel and collaborators, we find a linear relation between [Fe/H] and Ca II line strength spanning the range -2 < [Fe/H] < -0.2 and ages from 2.5 - 13 Gyr. No evidence for an age effect on the metallicity calibration is observed. Using this calibration, we find the metallicity of the old open cluster Trumpler 5 to be [Fe/H] = -0.56 +/-0.11. Considering the 10 clusters of known metallicity shifted to a common distance and reddening, we find that the additional metallicity error introduced by the variation of horizontal branch/red clump magnitude with metallicity and age is of order +/-0.05 dex, which can be neglected in comparison to the intrinsic scatter in our method. The results are discussed in the context of abundance determinations for red giants in Local Group galaxies.Comment: Accepted by MNRAS; 21 pages in LaTeX MNRAS style, 6 tables, 6 figure

Particle Methods for Geophysical Flow on the Sphere.

We present a Lagrangian Particle-Panel Method (LPPM) for geophysical fluid flow on a rotating sphere motivated by problems in atmosphere and ocean dynamics. We focus here on the barotropic vorticity equation and 2D passive scalar advection, as a step towards the development of a new dynamical core for global circulation models. The LPPM method employs the Lagrangian form of the equations of motion. The flow map is discretized as a set of Lagrangian particles and panels. Particle velocity is computed by applying a midpoint rule/point vortex approximation to the Biot-Savart integral with quadrature weights determined by the panel areas. We consider several discretizations of the sphere including the cubed sphere mesh, icosahedral triangles, and spherical Voronoi tesselations. The ordinary differential equations for particle motion are integrated by the fourth order Runge-Kutta method. Mesh distortion is addressed using a combination of adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) and a new Lagrangian remeshing procedure. In contrast with Eulerian schemes, the LPPM method avoids explicit discretization of the advective derivative. In the case of passive scalar advection, LPPM preserves tracer ranges and both linear and nonlinear tracer correlations exactly. We present results for the barotropic vorticity equation applied to several test cases including solid body rotation, Rossby-Haurwitz waves, Gaussian vortices, jet streams, and a model for the breakdown of the polar vortex during sudden stratospheric warming events. The combination of AMR and remeshing enables the LPPM scheme to efficiently resolve thin fronts and filaments that develop in the vorticity distribution. We validate the accuracy of LPPM by comparing with results obtained using the Eulerian based Lin-Rood advection scheme. We examine how energy and enstrophy conservation in the LPPM scheme are affected by the time step and spatial discretization. We conclude with a discussion of how the method may be extended to the shallow water equations.PHDApplied and Interdisciplinary MathematicsUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/99936/1/pbosler_1.pd

Neighborhood Violence and Peer Antisocial Behavior as Predictors of Family Relationships: An Examination of Mediation Effects

The purpose of this longitudinal study was to examine the links between neighborhood violence and peer antisocial behavior measured at ages 8 and 10 and family relationships measured at age 15 (i.e., parenting, parent-child relationships, sibling relationships). In addition, the mediating effects of adolescent antisocial behavior measured at ages 11 and 12 on these direct links. The sample consisted of 239 families with sons from the Pitt Mother & Child Project. Results indicated that high levels of neighborhood violence and peer antisocial behavior were associated with high levels of negative parent-child relationship quality and low levels of parental knowledge. Peer antisocial behavior was positively related to sibling conflict. Following the criteria established by Baron and Kenny (1986), next the mediating effect of adolescent antisocial behavior was tested. Some evidence for mediation was found. In general, this longitudinal study provides important information on how adolescents' experiences outside of the home may influence what goes on inside of the home.Department of Human Development and Family Scienc

Parental Emotion Socialization of Adolescents : Creation and Validation of a Multi-Method Measure

In the extant literature, parental emotion socialization has been measured using parent, youth, and observer reports. However, a triangulated measure combining these approaches has not been established. The purpose of this study was to create and validate a multimethod-multiinformant measure of emotion socialization using a predominantly high-risk sample of 206 families with adolescents. First, an observational measure was created for this project. A correlated-uniqueness approach was utilized to combine the measures and reduce any error based on reporter. Some evidence for validity of the triangulated measure was found. In addition, findings suggest that the structure of the parental emotion socialization factors differ based on the specific emotion felt by the youth. This investigation provides preliminary evidence for a triangulated measure of emotion socialization. Further, this investigation has implications for interventionists and service providers.Human Development & Family Scienc

Generalized moving least squares vs. radial basis function finite difference methods for approximating surface derivatives

Approximating differential operators defined on two-dimensional surfaces is an important problem that arises in many areas of science and engineering. Over the past ten years, localized meshfree methods based on generalized moving least squares (GMLS) and radial basis function finite differences (RBF-FD) have been shown to be effective for this task as they can give high orders of accuracy at low computational cost, and they can be applied to surfaces defined only by point clouds. However, there have yet to be any studies that perform a direct comparison of these methods for approximating surface differential operators (SDOs). The first purpose of this work is to fill that gap. For this comparison, we focus on an RBF-FD method based on polyharmonic spline kernels and polynomials (PHS+Poly) since they are most closely related to the GMLS method. Additionally, we use a relatively new technique for approximating SDOs with RBF-FD called the tangent plane method since it is simpler than previous techniques and natural to use with PHS+Poly RBF-FD. The second purpose of this work is to relate the tangent plane formulation of SDOs to the local coordinate formulation used in GMLS and to show that they are equivalent when the tangent space to the surface is known exactly. The final purpose is to use ideas from the GMLS SDO formulation to derive a new RBF-FD method for approximating the tangent space for a point cloud surface when it is unknown. For the numerical comparisons of the methods, we examine their convergence rates for approximating the surface gradient, divergence, and Laplacian as the point clouds are refined for various parameter choices. We also compare their efficiency in terms of accuracy per computational cost, both when including and excluding setup costs