An hierarchical approach to hull form design

As ship design tools become more integrated and more advanced analysis tools are introduced, the ability to rapidly develop and modify hull forms becomes essential. Modern hull design applications give an experienced user the ability to create almost any shape of hull. However, the direct manipulation of hull surface representations is laborious and may limit the exploration of design concept to the fullest extent. Transformation of parent forms and parametric hull generation tools can provide a quick solution, but neither method is conducive for innovative design. A hull design tool is required that can integrate the separate techniques creating a fair hull form surface that can be modified easily throughout the design process. This paper explores the concept of separating the hull surface into global and local features by establishing a hierarchical definition structure and introduces some of the benefits of this approach

Secondary business districts in Ljubljana: Analysis of conditions and assessment of planned development

This paper presents secondary business districts in Ljubljana according to the conditions in the 2008 proposal of the City of Ljubljana spatial plan. The introduction first clarifies the term “secondary business district” and continues by presenting the basic typology of secondary business districts, which is based on a historical approach and represents an inventory of these districts in Ljubljana. Selected features of these districts are presented, especially from the business viewpoint. The structure of companies, the time of their establishment, capital ownership and size are presented in greater detail. The second part analyses the draft spatial plan in order to determine the future changes in secondary business districts, their creation and disappearance. Simple criteria are used to critically assess the City of Ljubljana draft spatial plan and identify the six most critical secondary business districts that deviate significantly from these criteria

Cultural industry as a result of new city tertiarization

The article introduces a new form of economic activities, which has attracted much attention during the past years. This new form is cultural industry, a term which defines a certain part of tertiary activities, the importance of which is rapidly gaining in importance within cities. The term cultural industry includes all highly specialized services, which provide products and services, that have a higher symbolic than material value and trade with intellectual property rights. The article provides precise definitions of cultural industry and an empirical presentation in the case of Ljubljana. Furthermore the article also implies possible consequences of cultural industry on the economic and spatial development of cities

Sensitivity of the Exporting Economy on the External Shocks: Evidence from Slovene Firms

In this paper we investigate the export participation of Slovene firms. We first show that sunk costs are an important factor for explaining the export behavior of Slovene firms. Next we show that when the absorption power of the exporting market declines, firms still trade with their established buyers (hysteresis) despite the fact that due to lower prices their exporting revenues decline. We show that this can be explained with high exit costs, which consist of switching costs (costs of replacing stable buyers with new ones) and cost of reducing the production (compensation money for excess workers) and high re-entry costs.International trade, export, distressed export, entry costs, exit costs, credit raiting