19,409 research outputs found
Braided and coboundary monoidal categories
In this expository paper, we discuss and compare the notions of braided and
coboundary monoidal categories. Coboundary monoidal categories are analogues of
braided monoidal categories in which the role of the braid group is replaced by
the cactus group. We focus on the categories of representations of quantum
groups and crystals and explain how while the former is a braided monoidal
category, this structure does not pass to the crystal limit. However, the
categories of representations of quantum groups of finite type also possess the
structure of a coboundary category which does behave well in the crystal limit.
We explain this construction and also a recent interpretation of the coboundary
structure using quiver varieties. This geometric viewpoint allows one to show
that the category of crystals is in fact a coboundary monoidal category for
arbitrary symmetrizable Kac-Moody type.Comment: 24 pages; v2: minor typos corrected. To appear in the proceedings of
the conference "Algebras, Representations and Applications" (Lie and Jordan
Algebras, their Representations and Applications - III) in Honour of Prof.
Ivan Shestakov's 60th Birthda
Enantioselective synthesis of (+)-petromyroxol, enabled by rhodium-catalyzed denitrogenation and rearrangement of a 1-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazole
Petromyroxol is a non-racemic mixture of enantiomeric oxylipids isolated from water conditioned with larval sea lamprey. The (+)-antipode exhibits interesting biological properties but only 1 mg was isolated from >100000 L of water. Recently, transition metal-catalyzed denitrogenation of 1-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles has emerged as a powerful strategy for the synthesis of value-added products, including efficient diastereocontrolled construction of tetrahydrofurans. This methodology enabled the rapid development of the first synthesis of (+)-petromyroxol in 9 steps and 20% overall yield from a readily accessible starting material
Quiver varieties and Demazure modules
Using subvarieties, which we call Demazure quiver varieties, of the quiver
varieties of Nakajima, we give a geometric realization of Demazure modules of
Kac-Moody algebras with symmetric Cartan data. We give a natural geometric
characterization of the extremal weights of a representation and show that
Lusztig's semicanonical basis is compatible with the filtration of a
representation by Demazure modules. For the case of affine sl_2, we give a
characterization of the Demazure quiver variety in terms of a nilpotency
condition on quiver representations and an explicit combinatorial description
of the Demazure crystal in terms of Young pyramids.Comment: 14 pages, 2 figures; v2: Minor corrections and reference added; v3:
Proofs of Proposition 6.1 and Theorem 8.1 corrected. This version
incorporates an Erratum to the published versio
NP coordination in underspecified scope representations
Accurately capturing the quantifier scope behaviour of coordinated NPs can be problematic for underspecification systems that define constraints over semantic constructors. We present an extension to a hole-semantics like language that allows a natural representation of coordinated NPs, and a translation from partial scope requirements into constraints on the constructors. We conclude that the efficient decision procedures developed for constraints on semantic constructors enable the possible meanings of sentences containing coordinated NPs to be fully underspecified
Rhodium(II)-catalyzed stereocontrolled synthesis of 2-tetrasubstituted saturated heterocycles from 1-Sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles
Rhodium(II) acetate catalyzes the denitrogenative transformation of 4-substituted 1-sulfonyl-1,2,3-triazoles with pendent allyl and propargyl ethers and thioethers to onium ylides that undergo [2,3]-sigmatropic rearrangement to give 2-tetrasubstituted heterocycles with high yield and diastereoselectivity
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