Risks of investing in the Russian stock market: Lessons of the first decade

The modern history of the Russian stock market has mirrored ups and downs of the country’s transition as well as swings in investor perceptions. In this paper, we describe the evolution of the Russian stock market over its first decade, with particular attention to the risk factors driving stock returns. First, we analyze the development of the institutional infrastructure and dynamics of the market’s size and liquidity measured by the number of listed and traded stocks, depositary receipts and IPOs as well as trading volume in the local stock exchanges and abroad. Then, we examine major political and economic events, which influenced the investor perceptions of the country risk and were reflected in stock prices. Finally, we carry out quantitative analysis of risk factors explaining considerable time and cross-sectional variation in Russian stock returns. We document a significant role of corporate governance, political risk, and macroeconomic risk factors, such as global equity markets performance, oil prices, and exchange rates, whose relative importance varied a lot over time.financial institutions, risk factors, Russian stock market

Bernstein's problem on weighted polynomial approximation

We formulate and discuss a necessary and sufficient condition for polynomials to be dense in a space of continuous functions on the real line, with respect to Bernstein's weighted uniform norm. Equivalently, for a positive finite measure $\mu$ on the real line we give a criterion for density of polynomials in $L^p(\mu)$