Gender-based violence and reproductive health in five Indian states

Gender-based violence is a multi-faceted public health problem with numerous consequences for an individual’s physical and mental health and wellbeing. This collection develops a comprehensive public health approach for working with gender-based violence, paying specific attention to international budgets, policies and practice and drawing on a wide selection of empirical studies

PULSATILE DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEMS: A CASE OF BETA-BLOCKERS

The diseases involve heart and blood vessels are classified under cardiovascular diseases. Hypertension (HTN) is a disorder of the CV system characterized by elevated arterial blood pressure. Pulsatile drug delivery systems are on highlight today. This is due to their distinct advantage of releasing drug as the circadian rhythm of the disease. The beta-blockers are first-line therapy for the HTN. Hence, researches related to such modified formulations of these drugs are of need to increase the patient compliance and convenience. This review describes the various such systems published in literature. This also includes a brief description about circadian rhythm and beta-blockers. The researchers involved in the development of modified release formulations are the main target audience for this review

ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR THE DETERMINATION OF HYDROXYCHLOROQUINE IN VARIOUS MATRICES

Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is classified under the class of drugs called antimalarials. This is used for preventions and treatment of malaria. HCQ is also used in the treatment of DLE (Discoid Lupus Erythematosus) or SLE (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus) and RA (Rheumatoid Arthritis). Recently, this drug attracts its attention by scientists of all of the worlds for its potential activity in the improvement of conditions of covid patients. There are many clinical trials are under process to prove its activity against this dangerous virus. The presented review describes different analytical procedures for the analysis of HCQ in various components available in the currently available literature. The paper will be certainly helpful for the scientists and researchers engaged in research, especially in the development of formulation or quality assurance of HCQ. The results of any clinical trial also includes the determination of drug in body fluids for interpretation of data. The analytical methods described here are explained in three parts; spectrophotometry, chromatography and other (including capillary electrophoresis and electroanalytical methods

Brief review on analysis of Prazosin Hydrochloride

Prazosin is one of the alphaone adrenoreceptor blocker used in hypertension, benign prostatic hyperplasia, prostate cancer etc. The alpha blockers are relatively inexpensive and exert their effects quickly and Prazosin is the most commonly used alpha blocker. This review highlights various analytical methods for the determination of Prazosin hydrochloride in different matrices. Analytical methods reported are classified into four categories viz; spectrophotometry, chromatography, pharmacopoeial and other methods. The methods were described in terms of sensitivity (LOD and LOQ), linear range, principle and its applicability. This review also briefly highlights pharmacology of prazosin. This review is helpful for the researchers and scientists studying Prazosin hydrochloride in its analytical and pharmacological aspect

Technology Integration before Student Outcomes: Factors Affecting Teacher Adoption of Technology in India

Since the 1920s, ICTs have been endorsed as solutions to challenges of access and quality in education. Proponents have also supported technology use in education on grounds that it could potentially impact cognitive, affective, and pedagogical outcomes. Based on these perceived benefits, many developed and developing countries have been alarmingly swift at rolling out technology in schools. However, in spite of more than several decades of ICT investment in education, whether it leads to better cognitive, affective, and pedagogical outcomes remains unclear. Amidst the preoccupation with an outcomes-only approach, the notion of technology integration is getting neglected. Prior to determine how technology can impact students and teachers, it is critical we gain clarity on what is being done with technology within the classroom. This study explored the notion of technology integration and examined the individual and collective role of factors that influence teacher ability to integrate technology in a developing country context. It also studied the relationship between technology and pedagogy, examining to what extent these tools alter the teaching styles of teachers. Using a convergent/ concurrent mixed methods design, the study answered two broad questions: 1. What are the factors or conditions that either hinder or facilitate a teacher's ability to integrate technology with the classroom curriculum? 2. Are there observable differences between teachers with access to technology and those without in the extent to which they engage in constructivist pedagogy in the classroom? The study finds that technology integration is a complex process and the ability to use it effectively for teachers, in the sample, depended on the individual and collective impact of four factors: the existing policy climate, personal characteristics of teachers themselves, the school context, and the innovation being implemented. Further, the study finds no statistically significant difference in the pedagogical styles of teachers with access to technology and those without. Both groups of teachers display very similar teaching styles, and are engaging in as much or as little constructive pedagogy as one another. The study closes with a short discussion on the implications of these findings on ICT-based policy and practice

Mean Occupation Function of High Redshift Quasars from the Planck Cluster Catalog

We characterise the distribution of quasars within dark matter halos using a direct measurement technique for the first time at redshifts as high as $z \sim 1$. Using the Planck Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) catalogue for galaxy groups and the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) DR12 quasar dataset, we assign host clusters/groups to the quasars and make a measurement of the mean number of quasars within dark matter halos as a function of halo mass. We find that a simple power-law fit of \log\left = (2.11 \pm 0.01) \log (M) -(32.77 \pm 0.11) can be used to model the quasar fraction in dark matter halos. This suggests that the quasar fraction increases monotonically as a function of halo mass even to redshifts as high as $z\sim 1$.Comment: Accepted for publication in PAS

Vibrational analysis of sandwich beams

The project report deals first with the brief introduction on composites and theiz types and uses. Then it explains about the vibration of sandwich beams. The consistent higher-order dynamic formulation for foam-type (soft) core sandwich beams was extended to the case of composite sandwich plates. Eight dynamic governing equations and the corresponding boundary conditions were derived through the application of Hamilton’s principle. The extended formulation was applied to the free vibration analysis of soft-core and honeycomb-core sandwich plates with anti-symmetric and symmetric lay-ups. The vibration results for the thin and thick composite sandwich plates obtained using the extended formulation were consistent with the predictions of the higher order mixed layer wise theory for laminated and sandwich plates. To simplify the formulation for the case of symmetric sandwich plates, the general dynamic formulation was decoupled into two systems of equations representing symmetric and anti-symmetric vibrations. The numerical study demonstrates the importance of the present formulation for the prediction of higher mode vibration response of composite sandwich plates

Use of Multiscale Zirconium Alloy Deformation Models in Nuclear Fuel Behavior Analysis

Accurate prediction of cladding mechanical behavior is a key aspect of modeling nuclear fuel behavior, especially for conditions of pellet-cladding interaction (PCI), reactivity-initiated accidents (RIA), and loss of coolant accidents (LOCA). Current approaches to fuel performance modeling rely on empirical constitutive models for cladding creep, growth and plastic deformation, which are limited to the materials and conditions for which the models were developed. To improve upon this approach, a microstructurally-based zirconium alloy mechanical deformation analysis capability is being developed within the United States Department of Energy Consortium for Advanced Simulation of Light Water Reactors (CASL). Specifically, the viscoplastic self-consistent (VPSC) polycrystal plasticity modeling approach, developed by Lebensohn and Tomé[1], has been coupled with the BISON engineering scale fuel performance code to represent the mechanistic material processes controlling the deformation behavior of light water reactor (LWR) cladding. A critical component of VPSC is the representation of the crystallographic nature (defect and dislocation movement) and orientation of the grains within the matrix material and the ability to account for the role of texture on deformation. A future goal is for VPSC to obtain information on reaction rate kinetics from atomistic calculations to inform the defect and dislocation behavior models described in VPSC. The multiscale modeling of cladding deformation mechanisms allowed by VPSC far exceed the functionality of typical semi-empirical constitutive models employed in nuclear fuel behavior codes to model irradiation growth and creep, thermal creep, or plasticity. This paper describes the implementation of an interface between VPSC and BISON and provides initial results utilizing the coupled functionality