Moderna (mRNA-1273) Covid-19 Vaccine, “A Systematic Review”

A Global pandemic, declared by WHO, caused due to a deadly virus known as a “SARS-Cov-2”, has resulted in 4.3 million deaths. Its RNA based genome and lack of proofreading ability has made this virus more prone to get the frequent mutations and results in the formation of new variants and increased pathogenicity. Scientists had been trying hard to develop the ways through which this lethal virus could be eradicated, from the day the genome of SARS CoV-2 was first reported. In order to prevent from this viral infection more than 90 vaccines were developed but few of them were approved by FDA for the human trials. Moderna Inc came up with “mRNA-1273” vaccine which was given EUA approval on 18th December, 2020 by the FDA. The vaccine is based on active mRNA, translated into spike proteins of virus, is developed by the help of nanotechnology. The clinical trials have proved an efficacy of 94.1%. Moreover, the vaccine is able to prevent disease caused by the alpha, beta, gamma and delta variant of SARS-Cov 2 in recent studies. In this review article the composition, technology, mode of action, immune responses, clinical trials and efficacy as well as the comparison of moderna vaccine with other available covid-19 vaccines has been discussed

“COVID-19” and its Cardiovascular Complications – Review

By the end of December in 2019, the world got trapped under the dark shadow of the deadly novel virus that was given the name as “Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome‐coronaVirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2)”. Due to its rapid spread in all the continents, “Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)” was announced as the pandemic due to its high potential of infecting the human beings. This viral infection not only become the reason of mortality, but it also lethally effected the the infrastructure of public health care system and the global economic situation. “COVID-19” generally maifestated as the “viral pneumonia”, sporadically leading to “acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)” and death. Frequent clinical studies have depicted an interrelation between this deadly virus and cardiovascular diseases. Precedent cardiovascular disease in a person seems to be linked with adverse consequences and high chances of mortality in patients with (COVID-19 infection), whereas this virus itself has a potential of inducing the arrhythmia, acute coronary syndrome, myocardial injury and venous thromboembolism. One of the most significant point of concern is the drug & disease interactions that affect the patients with viral infection and comorbid cardiovascular diseases. By integrating the data and information regarding the biological features of this contagious novel virus, this review has summarized the pivotal cardiac manifestations, their management, and future implications. By correlating the facts and figures related to the biological conditions of this lethal virus with the reported clinical findings, we can ameliorate our conceptions regarding the significant mechanisms underlying (COVID-19), ultimately leading towards the control of this viral infection by the progressive development in preventions and treatments