4,337 research outputs found
Tackling pharma's problems:how research in medicine development could benefit from open innovation and user engagement
Phased-Array antenna beam squinting related to frequency dependency of delay circuits
Abstract-Practical time delay circuits do not have a perfectly linear phase-frequency characteristic. When these delay circuits are applied in a phased-array system, this frequency dependency shows up as a frequency dependent beam direction (“beam squinting”). This paper quantifies beam squinting for a linear one-dimensional phased array with equally spaced antenna elements. The analysis is based on a (frequency-dependent) linear approximation of the phase transfer function of the delay circuit. The resulting relation turns out to be invariant for cascaded cells. Also a method is presented to design time-delay circuits to meet a maximum phased-array beam squinting requirement
COST725 – establishing a European phenological data platform for climatological applications: major results
The Roof is Leaking and a Storm is Raging:Repairing the Blood-Brain Barrier in the Fight Against Epilepsy
Point defect concentrations in metastable Fe-C alloys
Point defect species and concentrations in metastable Fe-C alloys are
determined using density functional theory and a constrained free-energy
functional. Carbon interstitials dominate unless iron vacancies are in
significant excess, whereas excess carbon causes greatly enhances vacancy
concentration. Our predictions are amenable to experimental verification; they
provide a baseline for rationalizing complex microstructures known in hardened
and tempered steels, and by extension other technological materials created by
or subjected to extreme environments
Editorial: epilepsy and neurodevelopmental diseases
The association between epilepsy and neurodevelopmental diseases is well-recognized and has gained significant attention in the field of neuroscience in recent years. One of the main reasons for this interest is the need for a better understanding of the events that lead to the development and maturation of the CNS. This is a fundamental and necessary basis for potential breakthrough strategies that could guide novel and more effective disease-modifying therapeutic approaches to neurodevelopmental syndromes that are frequently characterized by severe and
drug-resistant epilepsy. The perspective of such new therapeutic strategies is very promising. At the state-of-theart, patients afflicted by these rare neurodevelopmental disorders mostly rely on “symptomatic” approaches that mitigate seizures and other major symptoms but do not target the underlying biological causes of the disease.
The study of this vast field of research is extremely complex and requires a multidisciplinary approach, from neuropathological to molecular and functional studies since even “simple” triggering events (e.g., a genetic mutation) during critical periods of brain development can lead to widespread effects on brain morphological and functional features
Microscopic energy flows in disordered Ising spin systems
An efficient microcanonical dynamics has been recently introduced for Ising
spin models embedded in a generic connected graph even in the presence of
disorder i.e. with the spin couplings chosen from a random distribution. Such a
dynamics allows a coherent definition of local temperatures also when open
boundaries are coupled to thermostats, imposing an energy flow. Within this
framework, here we introduce a consistent definition for local energy currents
and we study their dependence on the disorder. In the linear response regime,
when the global gradient between thermostats is small, we also define local
conductivities following a Fourier dicretized picture. Then, we work out a
linearized "mean-field approximation", where local conductivities are supposed
to depend on local couplings and temperatures only. We compare the approximated
currents with the exact results of the nonlinear system, showing the
reliability range of the mean-field approach, which proves very good at high
temperatures and not so efficient in the critical region. In the numerical
studies we focus on the disordered cylinder but our results could be extended
to an arbitrary, disordered spin model on a generic discrete structures.Comment: 12 pages, 6 figure
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Observations of the J = 2→1 transitions of <sup>12</sup>C<sup>16</sup>O and <sup>12</sup>C<sup>18</sup>O towards galactic H II regions
Observations are reported of the J = 2→1 transitions of CO and 12C18O at 230 and 219 GHz respectively from a number of galactic sources. A map of the central 1/2° × 1/2° of the Orion A molecular cloud is presented. The spectra are interpreted to derive molecular densities and abundance ratios in the molecular clouds observed
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