Mother's country of birth and prescription of psychotropic medication in Swedish adolescents: a life course approach.

Besides medical needs, psychotropic medication use in adolescence might be conditioned by the cultural context of the family. This knowledge is relevant for both detecting inequities in healthcare, and identifying information bias in epidemiological studies using psychotropic medication as a proxy for impaired psychological health. Therefore, we investigated whether, independent of needs, the socioeconomic characteristics of the mother's country of birth are associated with psychotropic medication use in Swedish-born adolescents

Agenda praktijkgericht onderzoek health:Topsector Life Sciences & Health

De Regiegroep van de topsector Life Sciences & Health wil een impuls geven aan initiatieven die praktijkgericht onderzoek op het gebied van Health betreffen. De redenen hiervoor zijn de relatief bescheiden positie van Health vergeleken bij de Life Sciences in de eerdere agendering onder de topsector en de verwachting dat praktijkgericht onderzoek door hogescholen een substantiële bijdrage kan leveren aan de doelstellingen onder het topsectorenbeleid. Daarom is opdracht gegeven tot het opstellen van een agenda voor praktijkgericht onderzoek “Health”. Deze agenda moet leiden tot samenwerking met een solide economische component tussen hogescholen, eventuele andere kennisinstellingen en publieke en private partijen uit de beroepspraktijk. De Agenda Praktijkgericht Onderzoek Health is ingedeeld in vier overkoepelende thema’s (A - D) waarop het onderzoek van hogescholen zich zou moeten richten. Binnen elk thema zijn onderwerpen benoemd die op basis van deze verkenning prioriteit verdienen

Oxygenated versus non-oxygenated flush out and storage of donor livers:An experimental study

Background: During donor organ procurement and subsequent static cold storage (SCS), hepatic adenosine triphosphate (ATP) levels are progressively depleted, which contributes to ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). We sought to investigate a simple approach to prevent ATP depletion and IRI using a porcine donation after circulatory death (DCD) liver reperfusion model. Methods: After 30 min warm ischemia, porcine livers were flushed via the portal vein with cold (4 degrees C) non-oxygenated University of Wisconsin (UW) preservation solution (n = 6, control group) or with oxygenated UW (n = 6, OxyFlush group). Livers were then subjected to 4 h SCS in non-oxygenated (control) or oxygenated (OxyFlush) UW, followed by 4 h normothermic reperfusion using whole blood. Hepatic ATP levels were compared, and hepatobiliary function and injury were assessed. Results: At the end of SCS, ATP was higher in the OxyFlush group compared to controls (delta ATP of +0.26 vs. -0.68 mu mol/g protein, p = 0.04). All livers produced bile and metabolized lactate, and there were no differences between the groups. Grafts in the OxyFlush group had lower blood glucose levels after reperfusion (p = 0.04). Biliary pH, glucose and bicarbonate were not different between the groups. Injury markers including liver transaminases, lactate dehydrogenase, malondialdehyde, cell-free DNA and flavin mononucleotide in the SCS solution and during reperfusion were also similar. Histological assessment of the parenchyma and bile ducts did not reveal differences between the groups. Conclusion: Oxygenated flush out and storage of DCD porcine livers prevents ATP depletion during ischemia, but this does not seem sufficient to mitigate early signs of IRI

Appropriate assessment of ethnic differences in adolescent use of psychotropic medication: multilevel analysis of discriminatory accuracy.

In the present study, we used a multilevel approach to investigate the role of maternal country of birth (MCOB) in predicting adolescent use of psychotropic medication in Sweden

Return to work five years after spinal cord injury inpatient rehabilitation: is it related to wheelchair capacity at discharge?

Objective: To describe the proportion of people with spinal cord injury who returned to work 5 years after discharge from inpatient rehabilitation, and to investigate whether return to work is related to wheelchair capacity at discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. Design: Multi-centre prospective cohort study. Subjects: A total of 103 participants with acute spinal cord injury at 8 Dutch rehabilitation centres, specialized in the rehabilitation of spinal cord injury. All participants were in paid employment before injury. Methods: Main outcome measure was return to work for at least 1 h per week. The independent variables of wheelchair capacity were peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak), peak aerobic power output (POpeak), and wheelchair skill scores (ability, performance time, and physical strain). Possible confounders were age, gender, lesion level and lesion completeness, and educational level. Results: The proportion of participants who returned to work was 44.7%. After correction for the confounders, POpeak (p=0.028), ability score (p=0.022), performance time (p=0.019) and physical strain score (p=0.038) were significantly associated with return to work. VO2peak was not significantly associated with return to work. Conclusion: More than 40% of the participants were able to return to paid work within :5 years after discharge from inpatient rehabilitation. Return to work was related to wheelchair capacity at discharge. It is recommended to train wheelchair capacity during rehabilitation in the context of return to work, since the association with return to work is another benefit of the training of wheelchair capacity in addition to the improvement of mobility and functional independency