189 research outputs found
Form Factors for Quasi-particles in c=1 Conformal Field Theory
The non-Fermi liquid physics at the edge of fractional quantum Hall systems
is described by specific chiral Conformal Field Theories with central charge
c=1. The charged quasi-particles in these theories have fractional charge and
obey a form of fractional statistics. In this paper we study form factors,
which are matrix elements of physical (conformal) operators, evaluated in a
quasi-particle basis that is organized according to the rules of fractional
exclusion statistics. Using the systematics of Jack polynomials, we derive
selection rules for a special class of form factors. We argue that finite
temperature Green's functions can be evaluated via systematic form factor
expansions, using form factors such as those computed in this paper and
thermodynamic distribution functions for fractional exclusion statistics. We
present a specific case study where we demonstrate that the form factor
expansion shows a rapid convergence.Comment: 36 pages, 1 postscript figur
Quasi-particles for quantum Hall edges
We discuss a quasi-particle formulation of effective edge theories for the
fractional quantum Hall effect. Fundamental quasi-particles for the Laughlin
state with filling fraction \nu =1/3 are edge electrons of charge -e and edge
quasi-holes of charge +e/3. These quasi-particles satisfy exclusion statistics
in the sense of Haldane. We exploit algebraic properties of edge electrons to
derive a kinetic equation for charge transport between a \nu=1/3 fractional
quantum Hall edge and a normal metal.Comment: Latex, 6 pages, Contribution to the proceedings of the XXXIVth
Rencontres de Moriond `Quantum Physics at Mesoscopic Scale
Psychopathological and Neurobiological Overlap Between Anorexia Nervosa and Self-Injurious Behavior: A Narrative Review and Conceptual Hypotheses
Empirical evidence and clinical observations suggest a strong -yet under acknowledged-link between anorexia nervosa (AN) and non-suicidal self-injurious behavior (NSSI). By reviewing the literature on the psychopathology and neurobiology of AN and NSSI, we shed light on their relationship. Both AN and NSSI are characterized by disturbances in affect regulation, dysregulation of the reward circuitry and the opioid system. By formulating a reward-centered hypothesis, we explain the overlap between AN and NSSI. We propose three approaches understanding the relationship between AN and NSSI, which integrate psychopathology and neurobiology from the perspective of self-destructiveness: (1) a nosographical approach, (2) a research domain (RDoC) approach and (3) a network analysis approach. These approaches will enhance our knowledge of the underlying neurobiological substrates and may provide groundwork for the development of new treatment options for disorders of self-destructiveness, like AN and NSSI. In conclusion, we hypothesize that self-destructiveness is a new, DSM-5-transcending concept or psychopathological entity that is reward-driven, and that both AN and NSSI could be conceptualized as disorders of self-destructiveness
МОДЕЛИРОВАНИЕ ПРОЦЕССОВ ДОСТАВКИ ВСПОМОГАТЕЛЬНыХ ГРУЗОПОТОКОВ ВНУТРИШАХТНОГО ТРАНСПОРТА С УЧЕТОМ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ ТРАССы
Розглянуто специфічні задачі внутрішахтного транспорту. Запропоновано використовувати метод
Флойду-Уоршелла для моделювання допоміжних вантажопотоків з урахуванням характеристики мар-
шруту. Наведені результати застосування цього методу для своєчасної доставки матеріальних потоків
вугільних шахт у підготовчі вибої.
Рассмотрены специфические задачи внутришахтного транспорта. Предложено использовать метод
Флойда – Уоршелла для моделирования вспомогательных грузопотоков с учетом характеристики трас-
сы. Приведены результаты применения используемого метода для оперативной доставки материаль-
ных потоков угольных шахт в подготовительные забои
Finite-temperature form factors in the free Majorana theory
We study the large distance expansion of correlation functions in the free
massive Majorana theory at finite temperature, alias the Ising field theory at
zero magnetic field on a cylinder. We develop a method that mimics the spectral
decomposition, or form factor expansion, of zero-temperature correlation
functions, introducing the concept of "finite-temperature form factors". Our
techniques are different from those of previous attempts in this subject. We
show that an appropriate analytical continuation of finite-temperature form
factors gives form factors in the quantization scheme on the circle. We show
that finite-temperature form factor expansions are able to reproduce expansions
in form factors on the circle. We calculate finite-temperature form factors of
non-interacting fields (fields that are local with respect to the fundamental
fermion field). We observe that they are given by a mixing of their
zero-temperature form factors and of those of other fields of lower scaling
dimension. We then calculate finite-temperature form factors of order and
disorder fields. For this purpose, we derive the Riemann-Hilbert problem that
completely specifies the set of finite-temperature form factors of general
twist fields (order and disorder fields and their descendants). This
Riemann-Hilbert problem is different from the zero-temperature one, and so are
its solutions. Our results agree with the known form factors on the circle of
order and disorder fields.Comment: 40 pp.; v2: 42 pp., refs and acknowledgment added, typos corrected,
description of general matrix elements corrected and extended; v3: 47 pp.,
appendix adde
Design of a randomised controlled trial on immune effects of acidic and neutral oligosaccharides in the nutrition of preterm infants: carrot study
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Prevention of serious infections in preterm infants is a challenge, since prematurity and low birth weight often requires many interventions and high utility of devices. Furthermore, the possibility to administer enteral nutrition is limited due to immaturity of the gastrointestinal tract in the presence of a developing immune system. In combination with delayed intestinal bacterial colonisation compared with term infants, this may increase the risk for serious infections. Acidic and neutral oligosaccharides play an important role in the development of the immune system, intestinal bacterial colonisation and functional integrity of the gut. This trial aims to determine the effect of enteral supplementation of acidic and neutral oligosaccharides on infectious morbidity (primary outcome), immune response to immunizations, feeding tolerance and short-term and long-term outcome in preterm infants. In addition, an attempt is made to elucidate the role of acidic and neutral oligosaccharides in postnatal modulation of the immune response and postnatal adaptation of the gut.</p> <p>Methods/Design</p> <p>In a double-blind placebo controlled randomised trial, 120 preterm infants (gestational age <32 weeks and/or birth weight <1500 gram) are randomly allocated to receive enteral acidic and neutral oligosaccharides supplementation (20%/80%) or placebo supplementation (maltodextrin) between day 3 and 30 of life. Primary outcome is infectious morbidity (defined as the incidence of serious infections). The role of acidic and neutral oligosaccharides in modulation of the immune response is investigated by determining the immune response to DTaP-IPV-Hib(-HBV)+PCV7 immunizations, plasma cytokine concentrations, faecal Calprotectin and IL-8. The effect of enteral acidic and neutral oligosaccharides supplementation on postnatal adaptation of the gut is investigated by measuring feeding tolerance, intestinal permeability, intestinal viscosity, and determining intestinal microflora. Furthermore, short-term and long-term outcome are evaluated.</p> <p>Discussion</p> <p>Especially preterm infants, who are at increased risk for serious infections, may benefit from supplementation of prebiotics. Most studies with prebiotics only focus on the colonisation of the intestinal microflora. However, the pathways how prebiotics may influence the immune system are not yet fully understood. Studying the immune modulatory effects is complex because of the multicausal risk of infections in preterm infants. The combination of neutral oligosaccharides with acidic oligosaccharides may have an increased beneficial effect on the immune system. Increased insight in the effects of prebiotics on the developing immune system may help to decrease the (infectious) morbidity and mortality in preterm infants.</p> <p>Trial registration</p> <p>Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN16211826.</p
Surface modes of ultracold atomic clouds with very large number of vortices
We study the surface modes of some of the vortex liquids recently found by
means of exact diagonalizations in systems of rapidly rotating bosons. In
contrast to the surface modes of Bose condensates, we find that the surface
waves have a frequency linear in the excitation angular momentum, . Furthermore, in analogy with the edge waves of electronic quantum Hall
states, these excitations are {\it chiral}, that is, they can be excited only
for values of that increase the total angular momentum of the vortex
liquid. However, differently from the quantum Hall phenomena for electrons, we
also find other excitations that are approximately degenerate in the laboratory
frame with the surface modes, and which decrease the total angular momentum by
quanta. The surface modes of the Laughlin, as well as other scalar and
vector boson states are analyzed, and their {\it observable} properties
characterized. We argue that measurement of the response of a vortex liquid to
a weak time-dependent potential that imparts angular momentum to the system
should provide valuable information to characterize the vortex liquid. In
particular, the intensity of the signal of the surface waves in the dynamic
structure factor has been studied and found to depend on the type of vortex
liquid. We point out that the existence of surface modes has observable
consequences on the density profile of the Laughlin state. These features are
due to the strongly correlated behavior of atoms in the vortex liquids. We
point out that these correlations should be responsible for a remarkable
stability of some vortex liquids with respect to three-body losses.Comment: 28 pages + 6 EPS figures. Final version as accepted for publication
in Phys. Rev.
Brief Report: Normal Intestinal Permeability at Elevated Platelet Serotonin Levels in a Subgroup of Children with Pervasive Developmental Disorders in Curaçao (The Netherlands Antilles)
This study investigated the relationship between platelet (PLT) serotonin (5-HT) and intestinal permeability in children with pervasive developmental disorders (PDD). Differential sugar absorption and PLT 5-HT were determined in 23 children with PDD. PLT 5-HT (2.0–7.1 nmol/109 PLT) was elevated in 4/23 patients. None exhibited elevated intestinal permeability (lactulose/mannitol ratio: 0.008–0.035 mol/mol). PLT 5-HT did not correlate with intestinal permeability or GI tract complaints. PLT 5-HT correlated with 24 h urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA; p = .034). Also urinary 5-HIAA and urinary 5-HT were interrelated (p = .005). A link between hyperserotonemia and increased intestinal permeability remained unsupported. Increased PLT 5-HT in PDD is likely to derive from increased PLT exposure to 5-HT. Longitudinal studies, showing the (in)consistency of abnormal intestinal permeability and PLT 5-HT, may resolve present discrepancies in the literature
New Class of Non-Abelian Spin-Singlet Quantum Hall States
We present a new class of non-abelian spin-singlet quantum Hall states,
generalizing Halperin's abelian spin-singlet states and the Read-Rezayi
non-abelian quantum Hall states for spin-polarized electrons. We label the
states by (k,M) with M odd (even) for fermionic (bosonic) states, and find a
filling fraction . The states with M=0 are bosonic spin-singlet
states characterized by an SU(3)_k symmetry. We explain how an effective
Landau-Ginzburg theory for the SU(3)_2 state can be constructed. In general,
the quasi-particles over these new quantum Hall states carry spin, fractional
charge and non-abelian quantum statistics.Comment: LaTeX, 4 pages, no figures, final version, Phys. Rev. Lett, in pres
The impact of hyperactivity and leptin on recovery from anorexia nervosa
In anorexia nervosa (AN), hyperactivity is observed in about 80% of patients and has been associated with low leptin levels in the acute stage of AN and in anorexia animal models. To further understand the importance of this correlation in AN, we investigated the relationship between hypoleptinaemia and hyperactivity in AN patients longitudinally and assessed their predictive value for recovery
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