Ultrafast spectroscopy of single molecules

We present a single-molecule study on femtosecond dynamics in multichromophoric systems, combining fs pump-probe, emission-spectra and fluorescence-lifetime analysis. At the single molecule level a wide range of exciton delocalisation lengths and energy redistribution times is revealed. Next, two color pump-probe experiments are presented as a step to addressing ultrafast energy transfer in individual complexes

Biperiodic superlattices and the transparent state

Coquelin et al. studied biperiodic semiconductor superlattices, which consist of alternating cell types, one with wide wells and the other narrow wells, separated by equal strength barriers. If the wells were identical, it would be a simply periodic system of $N = 2n$ half-cells. When asymmetry is introduced, an allowed band splits at the Bragg point into two disjoint allowed bands. The Bragg resonance turns into a transparent state located close to the band edge of the lower(upper) band when the first(second) well is the wider. Analysis of this system gives insight into how band splitting occurs. Further we consider semi-periodic systems having $N= 2n+1$ half-cells. Surprisingly these have very different transmission properties, with an envelope of maximum transmission probability that crosses the envelope of minima at the transparent point.Comment: 12 pages, 10 figures Version 2: improved figures using colour, and some small improvements in the text, in response to referee comments Version 3: incorporates changes which arose in proofs stag

The Role of Inflammation in Tinnitus:A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Subjective tinnitus is the perception of sound without the presence of an external source. Increasing evidence suggests that tinnitus is associated with inflammation. In this systematic review, the role of inflammation in subjective tinnitus was studied. Nine animal and twenty human studies reporting inflammatory markers in both humans and animals with tinnitus were included. It was established that TNF-α and IL-1β are increased in tinnitus, and that microglia and astrocytes are activated as well. Moreover, platelet activation may also play a role in tinnitus. In addition, we elaborate on mechanisms of inflammation in tinnitus, and discuss potential treatment options targeting inflammatory pathways

Free initial wave packets and the long-time behavior of the survival and nonescape probabilities

The behavior of both the survival S(t) and nonescape P(t) probabilities at long times for the one-dimensional free particle system is shown to be closely connected to that of the initial wave packet at small momentum. We prove that both S(t) and P(t) asymptotically exhibit the same power-law decrease at long times, when the initial wave packet in momentum representation behaves as O(1) or O(k) at small momentum. On the other hand, if the integer m becomes greater than 1, S(t) and P(t) decrease in different power-laws at long times.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures, Title and organization changed, however the results not changed, To appear in Phys. Rev.

Inmate emotion coping and psychological and physical well-being: The use of crying over spilled milk

The study investigated the relation between coping strategies of inmates and their psychological and physical well-being. General affective states such as optimism were related to both psychological and physical well-being. Moreover, inmates who experienced specific negative emotions such as regret, anxiety, and sadness reported more psychological and physical complaints. The way in which inmates coped with these negative emotions was also important. Inmates who used an active emotion-focused coping strategy were in better health than inmates inclined to keep their negative feelings to themselves. Emotion-focused coping by sharing negative emotions with people in one's social network can help to increase both psychological and physical well-being. Engaging in emotion management in a more cognitive way, by emphasizing positive aspects of the situation, can help to reduce the intensity of negative emotions. Possible research and policy implications of these results are discussed. © 2007 American Association for Correctional and Forensic Psychology

Economic Development and Infrastructure: The Case of Balochistan Province

In designing a future road network, public budget constraints force administrations to make choices. The objective of economic development requires that both efficiency and equity are taken into account. The present analysis operationalises these two concepts by social and economic accessibility in Balochistan. It suggests priorities which can serve as an input for the design of the future road network

Evaluatie duurzaamheid EnergieRijk

In de ACRRES-pilot Energierijk worden verschillende installaties (co-vergister+WKK, ethanolproductie en algenkweek) beproefd waarbij zo veel mogelijk gebruik wordt gemaakt van elkaars reststromen (warmte, CO2, digestaat). Om de duurzaamheid van het systeem te evalueren zijn een aantal scenarioberekeningen uitgevoerd. In dit rapport wordt ingegaan op uitkomsten met betrekking tot de nutriëntenstromen en de economie. In de studie zijn drie systemen met elkaar vergeleken: een co-vergister in combinatie met algenkweek (ALG), een co-vergister in combinatie met bioethanolproductie (ETH) en een co-vergister in combinatie met zowel algenkweek als bioethanolproductie (ALG+ETH). Bij alle combinaties is het landbouwdeel (landbouwland en melkvee) meegenomen dat nodig is voor de centrale onderdelen van Energierijk