Coöperatie in spelshows

In this chapter, we argue that game shows can be a useful source of data to study cooperative behavior. The unique combination of well-defined decision problems and large stakes makes game show data complementary to both experimental and field data. Over the past years, a number of TV shows have employed a vari- ant of the prisoner’s dilemma. We summarize the results of five different studies that use these shows to test a broad range of hypotheses. Finally, we discuss caveats of game show data, and contend that the potential problems are mostly not very different from those with experimental and field data

Coöperatie in spelshows

In this chapter, we argue that game shows can be a useful source of data to study cooperative behavior. The unique combination of well-defined decision problems and large stakes makes game show data complementary to both experimental and field data. Over the past years, a number of TV shows have employed a vari- ant of the prisoner’s dilemma. We summarize the results of five different studies that use these shows to test a broad range of hypotheses. Finally, we discuss caveats of game show data, and contend that the potential problems are mostly not very different from those with experimental and field data

The Wisdom of the Inner Crowd in Three Large Natural Experiments

The quality of decisions depends on the accuracy of estimates of relevant quantities. According to the wisdom of crowds principle, accurate estimates can be obtained by combining the judgements of different individuals 1,2. This principle has been successfully applied to improve, for example, economic forecasts 3-5, medical judgements 6-9 and meteorological predictions 10-13. Unfortunately, there are many situations in which it is infeasible to collect judgements of others. Recent research proposes that a similar principle applies to repeated judgements from the same person 14. This paper tests this promising approach on a large scale in a real-world context. Using proprietary data comprising 1.2 million observations from three incentivized guessing competitions, we find that within-person aggregation indeed improves accuracy and that the method works better when there is a time delay between subsequent judgements. However, the benefit pales against that of between-person aggregation: the average of a large number of judgements from the same person is barely better than the average of two judgements from different people

Le parole della legge in prospettiva italiana ed europea

Il contributo analizza alcuni caratteri e problemi del linguaggio giuridico italiano contemporaneo, anche in prospettiva europea e internazionale. La lingua e il lessico del diritto sono inseriti nel progetto REI per la semplificazione e la chiarezza della lingua italiana nelle istituzioni comunitarie europe

Deal or No Deal? Decision-making under Risk in a Large-payoff Game Show

We examine the risky choices of contestants in the popular TV game show “Deal or No Deal” and related classroom experiments. Contrary to the traditional view of expected utility theory, the choices can be explained in large part by previous outcomes experienced during the game. Risk aversion decreases after earlier expectations have been shattered by unfavorable outcomes or surpassed by favorable outcomes. Our results point to reference-dependent choice theories such as prospect theory, and suggest that path-dependence is relevant, even when the choice problems are simple and well defined, and when large real monetary amounts are at stake