NANOROBOTICS IN CANCER TREATMENT

Disease and ill health are caused largely by damage at the molecular and Cellular level. Today\u27s surgical tools are, at this scale, large and crude. From the Viewpoint of a cell, even a fine scalpel is a blunt instrument more suited to tear and injure than heal and cure, where in real-time the organ most affected is heart. The present method of treatment-bypass surgery or angioplasty is outdated in this Nan world. Our work shows any viral respiratory infection could be diagnosed with the help of quantum dot system in an efficient manner. Finally, this paper clearly pictures the solutions for human illness using the “Nanotechnology” which will be driver for the future technologies of today’s “shrinking world

Genetic characterization of Vibrio cholerae strains by inter simple sequence repeat-PCR

The utility of inter simple sequence repeat-PCR (ISSR-PCR) assay in the characterization and elucidation of the phylogenetic relationship between the pathogenic and nonpathogenic isolates of Vibrio cholerae is demonstrated. A total of 45 V. cholerae strains including 15 O1 El Tor, nine O139 and 21 non-O1/non-O139 strains were analyzed using eight ISSR primers. These primers, which are essentially simple sequence repeats (SSR) with additional nonrepeat bases at the 5' or 3' end, amplify genomic regions interspersed between closely spaced SSRs. Neighbor-joining analysis showed that the strains belonging to the same serogroup clustered together with the exception of one O1 and two O139 strains. The absence of pathogenicity islands in these strains, as confirmed by PCR, suggested their non-O1/non-O139 origin. Thus the ISSR-PCR-based phylogeny was consistent with the classification of V. cholerae based on serological methods. A finer resolution of the clustering of the toxinogenic O1 El Tor and toxinogenic O139 subtypes was obtained by ISSR-PCR analysis as compared with the Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus sequences-based PCR analysis for the same set of strains. Thus, it is proposed that ISSR-PCR is an efficient tool in phylogenetic classification of prokaryotic genomes in general and diagnostic genotyping of microbial pathogens in particular

6-Methyl-2,7-diphenyl-1,4-diazepan-5-one

The title compound, C18H20N2O, crystallizes with two mol­ecules in the asymmetric unit. The seven-membered ring in both mol­ecules adopts a distorted chair conformation. The dihedral angles between the phenyl rings are 43.2 (1) and 54.7 (1)° in the two mol­ecules. The crystal packing features N—H⋯O and weak N—H⋯π and C—H⋯π inter­actions

Post traumatic biparietal mirror Extradural haematoma: A case report and review of literature

Bilateral extradural haematomas [EDH] are rare and it is an uncommon consequense of cranio cerebral trauma. The mortality is higher than unilateral extradural haematoma and management of extradural haematomas requires careful planning, judicial surgical exposure and most important is timing of evacuation of extradural haematomas. Emergency evacuation of bilateral extradural haematomas were performed in this case with uneventful postoperative period. The pathophysiology and surgical nuances of this rare entity been discussed

Role of Oxygen Free Radicals, Nitric Oxide and Mitochondria in Mediating Cardiac Alterations During Liver Cirrhosis Induced by Thioacetamide

Thioacetamide (TAA) administration is widely used for induction of liver cirrhosis in rats, where reactive oxygen radicals (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO) participate in development of liver damage. Cardiac dysfunction is an important complication of liver cirrhosis, but the role of ROS or NO in cardiac abnormalities during liver cirrhosis is not well understood. This was investigated in animals after TAA-induced liver cirrhosis and temporal changes in oxidative stress, NO and mitochondrial function in the heart evaluated. TAA induced elevation in cardiac levels of nitrate before development of frank liver cirrhosis, without gross histological alterations. This was accompanied by an early induction of P38 MAP kinase, which is influenced by ROS and plays an important signaling role for induction of iNOS. Increased nitrotyrosine, protein oxidation and lipid peroxidation in the heart and cardiac mitochondria, suggestive of oxidative stress, also preceded frank liver cirrhosis. However, compromised cardiac mitochondrial function with a decrease in respiratory control ratio and increased mitochondrial swelling was seen later, when cirrhosis was evident. In conclusion, TAA induces elevations in ROS and NO in the heart in parallel to early liver damage. This leads to later development of functional deficits in cardiac mitochondria after development of liver cirrhosis

Rapid production of therapeutic proteins using plant system

Plant molecular farming is simply defined as the production of proteins therapeutics (PT) in plants, which involves transient gene expression in plants and purification of expressed protein to a great scale for diagnosis, treatment and other applications.  This is therapid,economical, safe and reproducible approach for the production of PTas compared to bacterial and mammalian systems. Protein yield and post-translational modifications are the major roadblocks that can be overcome byhigh expression strategies includes over expression constructs, suitable plant host systems and glycoengineering of proteins. The inherent ability of ideally producing safe, functional protein is the most striking phenomenon recognized by the pharmaceutical industries and developed many therapeutic products within few weeks to meet escalating demands during pandemic/epidemic outbreaks recentl

DBS-implanted Parkinson\u27s Disease Patients Show Better Olfaction Than Those Treated Medically

Dysosmia in PD (Parkinson’s Disease) may result from changes in the olfactory apparatus or in structures involved in olfactory perception. Previous work1,2 has suggested that deep brain stimulation (DBS) pa-tients have improved odor discrimination in stimulation-on/medication-off state in comparison to their own scores in a stimulation-off/medication-off state. What remains unclear is whether it is the ON state itself or an effect of stimulation that leads to improved olfaction. In this study we evaluate dysosmia in two PD cohorts in the ON state, those treated with medication alone and those treated with medication and DBS. A prospective study geared at improving predictive value of olfactory testing with a battery of psychological tests enrolled 45 PD patients and 44 controls. Of the PD patients, 9 had bilateral STN (subthalamic nucleus) DBS and 36 were medically treated. Subset analysis of PD patients with and without DBS placement revealed no difference in apathy or depression. DBS patients had better olfaction on UPSIT (Univ of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test) (p This study provides further data that DBS patients have improved ol-faction. It also provides preliminary evidence that DBS with medica-tion improves dysosmia to a greater extent than medication alone. This may result from indirect stimulation of olfactory processing cen-ters or changes in olfactory circuitry metabolism

Performance of blackgram genotypes under moisture deficit stress -Variability in physiological and yield contributing attributes

Abstract Water deficit stress is the most important abiotic stresses which affects the physiological parameters and crop yield. Blackgram (Vigna mungo L. Hepper) is one of the highly prized pluses in India and second most important pulse crop. A field experiment was conducted with seventeen blackgram genotypes during 2014 to assess the impact of water deficit stress on physiological parameters such as Anet, gs, Tr, WUE, SPAD chlorophyll meter reading (SCMR) and yield parameters (i.e.) pod number, seed number, pod weight and seed yield. Imposing water deficit stress at flowering stage, the reduction of physiological and yield parameters were observed. The results indicated that a wide diversity among the genotypes in their physiological and yield related parameters under both moisture levels. The genotype IC398971 was found to be physiologically efficient even with water deficit stress and also recorded moderate seed yield. While the genotype PU-19 with moderate physiological values registered highest seed yield under both well watered and water deficit stress conditions. Among the selected germplasm these two genotypes are having tolerant to water deficit stress with better stability of physiological and yield parameters