Kratkoročni i dugoročni učinci endotoksemije uzrokovane lipopolisaharidima na tkivo jajnika miševa: histomorfometrijska procjena

Endotoxemia is an acute systemic reaction of the body caused by the presence of endotoxins such as bacterial lipopolysaccharide in the blood, which is associated with clinical signs. Lipopolysaccharide is a part of the outer membrane of the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of E-coli lipopolysaccharide administration on histomorphometric changes in mice ovarian tissue. Adult female mice were randomly divided into the control and treatment groups, with ten mice in each. The treatment group received 6750 µg/kg of lipopolysaccharide intraperitoneally and in the control group, normal saline was injected at the same dosage. Five mice from each experimental group were euthanized on days 3 & 30 after the beginning of the treatment, then the right ovary was removed, fixed and serially sectioned for histomorphometric evaluation. The results obtained showed that 3 days after lipopolysaccharide injection the estimated ovarian parameters, including primary follicles, secondary follicles and corpora lutea, had decreased significantly (P≤0.05). The mean number of antral follicles was not influenced by lipopolysaccharide injection on days 3 and 30. The mean number of primary follicles on day 30 (53.4 ± 4.6) showed a significant increase in comparison with the treatment group on day 3 (42.1 ± 4.1) which was close to its values in the control group. The mean number of secondary follicles and corpora lutea on day 30 (36 ± 4.8 and 34.2 ± 10.8, respectively) showed a relative improvement, however it was still lower than the control group counterparts (49.5 ± 5.0 and 39.2 ± 3.9, respectively). According to our results, endotoxemia induced by lipopolysaccharide has short-time deleterious effects on ovarian follicles but they recovered somewhat after a short time equal to a folliculogenesis cycle, from primordial follicle to preovulatory antral follicle.Endotoksemija je akutna sistemska reakcija tijela uzrokovana prisutnošću endotoksina poput bakterijskih lipolisaharida u krvi, a popraćena je kliničkim znakovima. lipopolisaharidi su dio vanjske membrane gram-negativnih bakterija. Cilj ovoga istraživanja bio je odrediti učinak primjene lipopolisaharida E. coli na histomorfometrijske promjene u tkivu jajnika u miša. Odrasle ženke miša nasumično su podijeljene u kontrolnu i pokusnu skupinu od po deset jedinki. Životinje u pokusnoj skupini primile su 6750 µg/kg lipopolisaharida intraperitonealno, dok je kontrolnoj skupini na isti način aplicirana fiziološka otopina. Pet miševa iz svake skupine eutanazirano je 3. i 30. dana od početka pokusa, nakon čega im je uklonjen desni jajnik koji je fiksiran i izrezan za histomorfometrijsku procjenu. Rezultati su pokazali da su tri dana nakon injekcije lipopolisaharida promatrani pokazatelji jajnika – primarni i sekundarni folikuli te žuto tijelo – znakovito smanjeni (P ≤ 0,05). Injekcija lipopolisaharida nije utjecala na prosječan broj antralnih folikula 3. i 30. dan. Prosječan broj primarnih folikula 30. dan (53,4 ± 4,6) pokazao je znakovit porast u usporedbi s pokusnom skupinom 3. dan (42,1 ± 4,1) što je približno vrijednostima u kontrolnoj skupini. Prosječan broj sekundarnih folikula (36 ± 4,8) i žutoga tijela (34,2 ± 10,8) 30. dana pokazao je relativno poboljšanje, no vrijednosti su ipak niže nego u kontrolnoj skupini (49,5 ± 5,0 i 39,2 ± 3,9). Prema našim rezultatima endotoksemija uzrokovana lipopolisaharidima ima kratkoročni štetan učinak na folikule jajnika što se ubrzo ispravlja u ciklusu folikulogeneze iz primordijalnog folikula u predovulacijski antralni folikul

Efficacy of Oral Propranolol in Prevention of Severe Retinopathy of Prematurity: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study

Background: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disease of the retinal vessels in premature newborns and can lead to a wide range of vision disorders from minor correctable visual acuity defects to retinal detachment. The present study aimed to determine the efficacy of oral propranolol in the prevention of severe ROP.Methods: This randomized clinical trial study was conducted on 50 preterm newborns with retinopathy stage I or II without plus disease hospitalized at Imam Reza Hospital of Kermanshah city, Kermanshah, Iran. The samples were randomized into two groups (n=25 each). The intervention group received 0.5 mg/kg propranolol orally every 8 hours and was continued until retinal vascularization completion or the need for treatment by laser therapy or Avastin injection. In contrast, the control group received only routine care without receiving propranolol. Afterward, the two groups were compared in terms of progression to stage III and above of retinopathy, plus disease, retinal detachment, need for laser therapy or Avastin injection, and the duration of the retinal vascularization completion. Adverse events related to propranolol, such as hypoglycemia, hypotension, and bradycardia, were continuously monitored during the study. Finally, the data were entered into SPSS24 software and analyzed.Results: The two groups did not differ significantly in terms of demographic variables at the beginning of the study. The means of gestational age and numbers (%) of boys were 29±1.29 vs. 29.20±1.35 and 14 (56%) vs. 11 (44%) in the intervention and control groups, respectively. After the intervention, the duration of the completion of retinal vessels (day) was shorter in newborns receiving oral propranolol (61.04±6.13) than in the control group (70.08±5.72) (P0.05). No adverse events related to propranolol were observed.Conclusion: Although the duration of the completion of retinal vascularization was shorter in newborns receiving oral propranolol, it was not effective in preventing severe ROP. Multicenter clinical trial studies with a higher sample size are recommended

The Effect of Non-nutritive Sucking on Mother's Finger on Feeding Tolerance and Attainment of Independent Oral Feeding in Preterm Infants: A Randomized Trial

Background Non-nutritive sucking is part of the initial development process in preterm infants that may speed up the transition from the tube to oral feeding. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of non-nutritive sucking on mother's finger on feeding tolerance and attainment of independent oral feeding in preterm infants. Materials and Methods This single blind clinical trial was conducted on 40 preterm infants admitted to the NICU of Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah in 2017. In the intervention group, non-nutritive sucking was performed on the mother's finger three times a day for 10 days during the first 10 minutes of gavage. Then, the gastric residual volume, time to achieve independent oral feeding, length of hospitalization, and weight at discharge were measured. The data was analyzed using SPSS software version 24.0. Results: According to the results, the mean of gastric residual volume was less in the intervention group (0.65±0.33) compared to the control group (2.30±0.71) (

The Study of Newborns with Congenital Gastrointestinal Tract Obstruction

Introduction: Gastrointestinal Tract Obstruction (GITO) is one of the most common causes of surgical emergencies in newborns. Management of these patients depends on the site of obstruction, associated anomalies, the time of diagnosis and the surgery. Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinical manifestations, associated anomalies and the outcome of these patients with GITO admitted to Imam Reza and Razi Hospitals of Kermanshah. Material and Methods: This is an observational study, which is conducted to investigate all the newborns, admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) of Imam Reza & Razi Hospital of Kermanshah during ten years from 2002 to 2012 with diagnosis of GITO. The history of the newborn, operation records and case records of the patients in addition to clinical and paraclinical conditions and their pathological results were studied. Results: During the study period, 235 cases of GITO were investigated. Among them, 63 were admitted with imperforate anus, 62 with Hirschsprung's disease, 52 with esophageal atresia, 9 with ileal atresia, 17 with jejunal atresia, and 16 with duodenal obstruction and 6 with colonic atresia. The most common symptoms at the time of admission were abdominal distension in 108, absence of meconial defecation in 85, and bile vomiting in 42 cases. 189 (80.4%) of newborns were operated. The overall mortality rate of newborns under study was 31.2%. The highest rate of mortality was observed in newborns with esophageal atresia 61.5%. Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that approximately 5% of the cases admitted to NICU suffered from congenital GITO. Considering the high number of cases and the increased probability of death in these patients, close attention, better management and treatment of these patients seems crucial

Investigating the Mediating Role of Intellectual Capital in the Relationship Between Production, Process and Administrative Innovation Capabilities with Organizational Performance in Payame Noor University of Shiraz

In this study, a comprehensive model has been adopted to investigate how innovation capabilities affect organizational performance and how the mediating effect of intellectual capital has also been considered. Thus, the aim of this research is to investigate the effect of production, process and administrative innovation capabilities on organizational performance, considering the mediating role of intellectual capital of Payame Noor University, Shiraz center, which is using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) based on Partial Least Squares (PLS) Was performed. The elements of innovation capabilities analysis include production capabilities, process capabilities, and administrative capabilities. The results showed that production capabilities, process capabilities, and administrative capabilities have positive effects on intellectual capital in Payame Noor University, Shiraz Center. The impact of intellectual capital on organizational performance has been significant. In sum, intellectual capital has a mediating effect on the relationship between innovation capabilities (production, process and administrative) and organizational performance in Payame Noor University, Shiraz Center. Intellectual capital is a mediating effect between innovation capabilities and organizational performance that aim to increase organizational performance

Survey of the Effect of Biotin on Glycemic Control and Plasma Lipid Concentrations in Type 1 Diabetic Patients in Kermanshah in Iran

Abstract Objective: Diabetes mellitus is the most common chronic endocrine disease worldwide. Intensive glycemic control plays an important role in decreasing morbidity and mortality rate of the disease. Preclinical studies have shown that biotin has an essential role in regulating blood glucose and serum lipid metabolism. This study aims to evaluate the effect of biotin on glycemic control and plasma lipids concentrations in type 1diabetic patients. methods: This randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial study was conducted 70 type 1 diabetic patients with an age range 5-25 years old with poorly controlled (glycosylated hemoglobin ≥8%). Subjects were randomly allocated into two groups. In the intervention group biotin (40 microgram/kg) was administered plus daily insulin, while the control group received placebo plus daily insulin regimen for three months. Laboratory tests including glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), fasting blood sugar and plasma lipids were measured at the base and after 3 months. Results: In this study, seventy patients were evaluated, 35 were allocated to each group. There were no statistically significant differences between age, gender, duration of diabetes, BMI and BP between the two groups (p>0.05). HbA1c in the intervention (biotin) group was 9.84±1.80 at base and after 3 months treatment, it declined to 8.88±1.73 (p<0.001). In the control group HbA1c at base was 9.39±1.58, after 3 months it increased to10.11± 1.68. There were statistically significant differences in the mean of HbA1c in both the biotin and the control groups (p<0.001). FBS in the biotin group at base was 275±65.76 mg/dl and after 3 months it had reduced to 226± 41.31 (p<0.001). There were statistically significant differences in the mean of total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride between the two groups at the end of 3 months (p<0.05). Conclusion: Results of this study showed that biotin administration as an adjuvant in addition to insulin regimen can improve glycemic management and decrease plasma lipids concentrations in poorly controlled type 1 diabetic patients

Effect of Massage Therapy on Transcutaneous Bilirubin Level in Healthy Term Neonates: Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Background: Neonatal jaundice is a common condition in approximately 60% of term newborns during the first week after birth. Therefore, it is necessary to detect methods for the prevention of this problem.This study was conducted to evaluate the impact of massage therapy on transcutaneous bilirubin level in healthy term newborns. Methods: The present study was conducted on102 healthy term newborns. The newborns were randomly assigned to massage group and control group. The massage group received daily massage for five days from the first postnatal day while the control group received only routine neonatal care (without massage). In both groups, transcutaneous bilirubin level and frequency of defecation were the main studied variables. Results: The frequency of defecation in the massage group increased from 1.08 on the first day to 4.08 on the fifth day, whereas it increased from 0.865 on the first day to 2.731 on the fifth day in the control group, indicating a significant difference between the two groups (

The evaluation of CRIB II scoring system in predicting mortality in preterm newborns

Background: The survival rate of premature newborns depends on gestational age, birth weight and condition when they are hospitalized. Different scoring systems to predict mortality in newborns has been designed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate value of CRIB II scoring system in predicting mortality rate of infants with birth weights less than 1500 grams. Material and Methods: In this 8 month cross - sectional study (September 2010 to April 2010) which was conducted in the NICU of Imam Reza hospital in Kermanshah, preterm newborns with birth weight less than 1500 gr and gestational age less than 32 weeks who were admitted within 12 hours after birth in the NICU ,were evaluated based on CRIB II scoring system . Results: 50 neonates out of 1360 (36.8%) survived and 86 neonates(63.2%) died. Average CRIB II score in newborn survived was 5.8±2.9 and in infants died was 9.8±2.9 (p <0.0001). Based on the AUC, the CRIB II score could predict about 0.85 (CI: 0.77-0.92) of mortality. Also based on the ROC curve cut-off point for scoring CRIB II, was 6.5. Conclusion: Our study showed that CRIB II has a high value( about %85) in predicting mortality in newborns with birth weights less than 1500 grams

Pentalogy of Cantrell: A case report of probable pentalogy of Cantrell in a full-term neonate

Background: Pentalogy of Cantrell (PC) is an extremely rare congenital anomaly which was first described in 1985. The incidence of the PC has been reported to vary from 5.5-7.9 cases per million live births. This anomaly involves diaphragmatic pericardial defects, lower sternal defect, intracardiac anomalies, ventral abdominal wall abnormality, and anterior diaphragmatic defect. Considering the number of presented anomalies, PC is classified into three groups of certain, probable, or incomplete pentalogy. Although the etiology of PC is unknown, it has been assumed that abnormalities in intra embryonic mesodermal differentiation formation and migration at around 14-18 days after conception are responsible for the anomalies observed in PC. The prenatal diagnosis of the PC can be made via prenatal two-dimensional or three-dimensional ultrasound. Case report: This case report investigated an Iranian 2-hour-old full-term neonate who was referred to Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah, Iran, due to respiratory distress and abdominal wall defect. The patient was finally diagnosed with a probable PC, although his prenatal investigations were considered normal. Conclusion: Although ultrasonography is a widely available tool for prenatal diagnosis of PC, as in our case, the absence of ectopic heart and omphalocele makes the prenatal diagnosis of PC via ultrasonography less possible.   Keywor

A girl with Sturge Weber syndrome and oro – maxillo -facial osteodystrophy

Background: Sturge-Weber syndrome is one of the rare neurocutaneous disorders with frequency of approximately 1 per 50,000. Sturge-Weber syndrome consists of a constellation of symptoms and signs including a facial nevus (port wine stain), seizure and hemiparesis. In many cases it may associate with mental retardation. Case presentation: A 7- year old girl with mental retardation and a large facial nevus at the birth time, recurrent severe seizures and drolling in 9 months of life without any treatment, was admitted because of severity of seizure, headache and weakness. Conducted follow up on here, indicated that she had Sturge –Weber syndrome with oro- maxilla -facial osteodystrophy. Conclusion: One of the rare radiological symptoms in Sturge Weber syndrome is oro-maxillo-facial osteodystrophy, by this time only few cases had been reported. All of the symptoms of this syndrome were found in our described patien