Sifat Fisik dan Mekanik Papan Partikeldari Kayu Sengon (Paraserianthes Falcataria. L) dan Serbuk Sabut Kelapa (Cocos Nucifera.l)

This research aims to utilize the low quality of wood i.e.sengon (Paraserianthes falcataria) and waste of Coconut fiber dust to made particle board. Particle board made with different ratio i.e 100% sengon, 80% sengon and 20% Ccocnut fiber with adhesive concentration of 12%, 14% and 16%. Particle board made with size 30 cm x 30 cm x 1 cm with a density of 0,6 g/cm3 at a pressure of 25 kg/cm2 at 1400C for 8 minutes. Evaluated the physical properties (density, water content, water absorption and thickness swelling) and mechanical properties modulus of elastis (MOE), modulus of rupture (MOR) and internal bonding (IB) was conducted in accordance with JIS A 5908-2003 standard. The results showed that the density value sranged between 0.53g/cm3 - 0.58g/cm3, water contentranged from 6.63%-8.27%, thickness swelling ranged between7.51% -11.75%,water absorption ranged between 53.75% - 64.62%, MOE ranged between 14654.54 kg/cm2 - 18031.95 kg/cm2, MOR ranged between 169.54kg/cm2 - 218.47 kg/cm2, internal bonding ranged from3.33 kg/cm2-4.93 kg/cm2. The particle board values can fulfill the standart of JIS A 5908-2003, except for the value of the MOE. Composition of raw materials significantly affect the water absorption value, MOE and MOR mean while the concentration of adhesive significantly affect the value of thickness swelling, water absorption, MOE and MOR. Interaction between the ratio of raw material and concentration of adhesive did not significantly affect the physical and mechanical properties of particle board. The best values of particle board was achieved with composition sengon 80% and 20% coconut fiber dust withan adhesive concentration 16%. Keyword : Coconut fiber, paraserianthes falcataria, particle board, physical, mechanical properties

Kualitas Papan Komposit dari Sabut Kelapa dan Limbah Plastik Berlapis Bambu dengan Variasi Kerapatan dan Lama Perendaman Naoh

The aim of this research is to investigate the varios of NaOH immersion treatments and the density of optimal and the best composite board mechanic and physical. Factor of research were the varios of NaOH immersion treatments (control, 2 hour, 4 hour, 6 hour) and varios density ( 0,6 gr/cm3 and 0,7 gr/cm3). The composite board were mixed manually with weight both of polyprophylenes plastic and coir fibres to all of composite board comparison 50 : 50 after were reduced weight of bamboo slats. The composite boards were made with dimension 30 cm 30 cm x 1 cm, where the bamboos were made become face and back of board then both plastic and coir fibres were core board. The recycle polyprophylenes plastic distributed were devided by three parts, those were face layer 15 %, core layer 70 %, and back layer 15 % of plastics weight. The pressure was done with hot press temperature 180 oC for 20 minute with pessure ± 25 kg/cm². Results of research have showed that physical and mechanical properties oof composite board were increased with the addition of density composite board and reduced of NaOH immersion treatments. Composite board without NaOHs immersion with density 0,7 gr/cm3 is the best and optimum result of composite board. Key words : composite board, coconut fiber, recycled polyprophylene, bamboo layer

Sifat Fisik Dan Mekanik Kayu Benuang (Octomeles Sumatrana Miq) Yang Didensifikasi Berdasarkan Suhu Dan Waktu Kempa

Benuang (Octomeles sumatrana Miq) wood less attractive to industrial carpentry, because of Benuang wood has a low at strength level (strength class IV - V). Densification of wood is one solution, which is the timber compaction process that aims to improve the strength and durability of the wood. There are two factors for treatment in this study that include temperature factors felts (1700C, 1800C and 1900C) and Time Felts (50 minutes and 60 minutes). Samples made of from Benuang with wood measuring 30 cm (L) x 8 cm (W) x 4 cm (H), then steamed in an autoclave and hot pressed (hot press) with a target thickness of 30% and the pressure felt by 60 kg/cm2. Then created a test sample for testing. The parameters measured are physical properties (color and touch wood impression, moisture content, density and dimensional changes) and mechanical properties (static bending persistence / Modulus of Elasticity, strength of bending fracture / Modulus of Rupture, and firmness press parallel fiber / Cruishing Maximum Strength). The design that used in this study is a 3x2 factorial experimental design in a completely randomized design (CRD) with 3 replications. Results showed that the densification process on wood Benuang generally not been able to increase the strength of the timber, that is still in the same class with the timber control (strenght class IV-V). But partially strength there is still best value that on the showed densification timber with temperature 1800C with clamp time for 60 minutes, with decrease in water content of 43.12%, increase in value density of 27,22%, dimensional change impairment of 7,57%, MOE impairment of 71,61%, MOR values decrease by 61,93% and MCS impairment of 18,41%. Keyword : Octomeles sumatran

Studi Etnobotani Tumbuhan Obat di Dusun Kelampuk Kecamatan Tanah Pinoh Barat Kabupaten Melawi

Kelampuk village at Land Pinoh West Sub District Melawi District people have traditionally used medicinal plants that are nearby to treat various diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the types of medicinal plants and their use by communities around the Kelampuk village Land Pinoh West sub district Melawi District This study using snowball sampling techniques or performed in sequence to ask for information on people who have been interviewed or contacted in advance. Results of research concluded that the most widely type of plant commonly used are 51 species from 41 family. The level of habitus are 24 herbaceous species. While based part in use, then mostly the leaves as many as 31 species. Then, by way of processing by way of ground as many as 23 species, and if viewed the use of that method taped as many as 24 species. While based on the use to treat diseases of the outside there are 32 species, and based on the form of a single herb potion then there are 51 species. From the data, it turns a kind of medicinal herbs can treat more than one disease. Keywords: Ethnobotany, Kelampuk village, Medicinal plants Melawi Distrct. Keywords: Ethnobotany, Kelampuk village, Medicinal plants Melawi Distrct

Keawetan Papan Partikel Dari Batang Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq) Dengan Tambahan Asap Cair Terhadap Rayap Tanah (Coptotermes Curvignathus Holmgren) Durability of Particleboard From Oil Palm Trunk (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq) with Addition Liquid S

The study aims to determine the effect of the concentration of liquid smoke from oil palm empty fruit bunches on the durability of oil palm trunk particleboard (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) and to determine the optimum concentration of liquid smoke. The method of research is an experiment carried out in completely randomized design (CRD), which consists of three treatments and three replications. Particle board made with three types of layers, with the size of 30 cm x 30 cm x 1 cm, the target density of 0.8 g / cm3, compression temperature 140oC, pressure of 25 kg / cm2 for 10 minutes. Adhesive used is Urea Formaldehyde with a concentration of 16% for the surface layer (face) and bottom (back) and 14% for the middle layer (core) with a solid content 52%. The treatment used is liquid smoke with concentration 0%, 5% and 10%. Testing the durability of particle board using baiting methods to subterranean termite Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren for 21 days. The results of research showed that the oil palm trunk particleboard with liquid smoke concentration level of 10% was the best 2 vality the mortality value 100%. Meanwhile the best result for particleboard weight loss was achived on liquid smoke level 5% with average value 0.45% from physical, mechanical and durability properties of particleboard made from oil palm with liquid smoke, the best result was achieved on particleboard with level 10%. Key words: Urea formaldehyde, liquid smoke, Coptotermes curvignathus Holmgren, durability particleboar

Kualitas Papan Komposit Batang Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq) Dan Limbah Plastik Polipropilena Berbagai Variasi Rasio Dan Penambahan Maleic Anhydrid Composite Boards From Oil Palm Trunks (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq) and Polypropylene Plastic Waste In

Wood is a basic requirement in the industrial activity. while timber production decreased so that required an efficient utilization of wood. The solution to overcome this problem is the use of waste oil palm trunk in the form of composite board. On the other hand, the plastic needs continue to increase. Plastic is a material consisting of artificial inorganic chemicals are quite harmful to the environment so it is necessary to increase the value of plastic. In the process of making this composite board using maleic anhydride (MAH) in order to improve the bonding between the fibers. This study aims to determine the quality of the composite board made from oil palm trunk (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) and polypropylene plastic waste on some variation of the ratio and the percentage of maleic anhydrid (MAH). Variation ratio of plastic and particles were 40 : 60, 50 : 50, and 60 : 40. Percentage of MAH used 0%, 2,5%, and 5% of the weight of the plastic. Composite board size was 30 cm x 30 cm x 1 cm with a target density of 0.8 g/cm3 at compression 25 kg/cm2 with temperature 180ºC for 10 minutes. Evaluation the quality of composite board was refer to standard JIS A 5908-2003. This study used afactorial experiment in a completely randomized design with 2 factors and 3 replications. The result of research showed that the highest guality of composite board was achieved on the highest plastic ratio. The best result was on composite board made from ratio particle oil palm and plastic 40:60 with percentage MAH 2,5%. Keywords : Oil palm particle, plastics polipropilena, MAH, BPO, composite board ABSTRACT Wood is a basic requirement in the industrial activity. while timber production decreased so that required an efficient utilization of wood. The solution to overcome this problem is the use of waste oil palm trunk in the form of composite board. On the other hand, the plastic needs continue to increase. Plastic is a material consisting of artificial inorganic chemicals are quite harmful to the environment so it is necessary to increase the value of plastic. In the process of making this composite board using maleic anhydride (MAH) in order to improve the bonding between the fibers. This study aims to determine the quality of the composite board made from oil palm trunk (Elaeis guineensis Jacq) and polypropylene plastic waste on some variation o

Kualitas Arang Briket Berdasarkan Persentase Arang Batang Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis Guineensis Jacq) dan Arang Kayu Laban (Vitex Pubescens Vahl)

Energy is a major component in all human activities. The main source of energy for humans are natural resources derived from fossil carbon, these are petroleum, coal, and gas . The research aimed to determine the quality of charcoal briquettes based on ration percentage of charcoal oil palm trunks and charcoal Laban wood. This study used a completely randomized design. The percentage of oilpalm trunks charcoal (OTC) and Laban wood charcoal (LWC) as follow: 100% OTC; 20% OTC: 80% LWC; 40% OTC : 60%LWC; 60%OTC : 40% LWC ; 80% : 20% LWC; 100% LWC. Particle size of charcoal was 20 mesh adhesive tapioca flour. The charcoal briquettes size was 30-40 mm heigh with diameter 55 mm and made with hydraulic press with pressure 5 tons. Before testing the quality, charcoal briquettes was dried for 48 hours in oven with temperature 80oC. evaluation the quality of charcoal briquettes based on SNI 01-6235-2000. The average value of moisture content ash content, volatile matter content valve and carbon qualified the SNI 01-6235-2000 standard. The best value was achieved on charcoal briquettes with ratio percentage 40% oil palm trunks charcoal and 60% Laban wood charcoal with average calorific value 6377,67 cal/g. the charcoal briquettes produced can be used as an alternative energy for the society. Keywords: Bioenergy, charcoal briquettes, Laban, oil pal

Kualitas Biopelet dari Limbah Batang Kelapa Sawit pada Berbagai Ukuran Serbuk dan Jenis Perekat

The research aimed to evaluate the effect of particle size and adhesives on the quality of biopelet from oil palm trunk. The adhesives used were tapioca and sago. The particle size were pass 10 mesh and retained 20 mesh; pass 20 mesh and retained 40 mesh; pass 40 mesh and retained 60 mesh; and pass 60 mesh. Biopelet was made by meat mincer in home scale and resulted the biopelet with size 2 cm long and diameter 0.4 cm. Biopelet then dry in oven for 24 hour with temperature 600C-700C. The quality of biopelet was evaluate with SNI 8021 : 2014. Result of the research showed that average value of moisture content were 5.27%-6.75% ; average value of ash content 4.69%-8.73%; average of volatile matter content were 72.62%-77.46% ; average value of fixed carbon were 14.02%-21.60%; average value of calor were 3719,67 cal/g-4451,67 cal/g. The quality of biopelet can fulfill the requirement standard of SNI 8021 : 2014, except on ash content. The best result was on particle with size pass 10 mesh and retained 20 mesh with adhesives tapioca. Keyword: Biopelet, bioenergy, sago, tapioc

Karakteristik Biopelet Berdasarkan Komposisi Serbuk Batang Kelapa Sawit dan Arang Kayu Laban dengan Jenis Perekat sebagai Bahan Bakar Alternatif Terbarukan

The research aims to evaluate the quality of biopellets made from different composition of the oilpalm trunk powder and Laban wood charcoal with different type of adhesive. The composition consist of 25% oilpalm powder : 75% Laban wood charcoal; 50% oilpalm powder: 50% Laban wood charcoal; 75% oilpalm powder : 25% Laban wood charcoal; 100% oilpalm powder respectively. The adhesives used are tapioca flour and sago flour. The research used completely factorial randomized design, which consists of eight combination treatment with 3 replications. The material was mixed manually and biopellets produced with meat mincer in home scale with size 2 cm long and diameter 0.4 cm. Biopelet then dry in oven for 24 hour with temperature 600C-700C. The quality of biopelet was evaluate according to SNI 8021 : 2014. The result of research showed that the average values of water content of biopellets was range between 6.91% - 9.98%; the average values of ash content was range between 1.02% - 1.69%; the average values of volatile matter content was range between 38.36% - 71.93%; the average values of fixed carbon content was range between 26.45% - 59.97% and the average values of calor was range between 3719,67(cal/g) 5944,33 (cal/g). The composition of oilpalm and Laban wood charcoal and type of adhesives was significantly affected the calor value of biopellets. Meanwhile the other values such as moisture content, ash content, volatile matter content and fixed carbon content was not significant. The quality of biopellets can fulfill the SNI 8021 : 2014 standard, except on ash content. The best biopellets was achieved on composition 25% oil palm trunk powder : 75% Laban wood charcoal with adhesive tapioca. Keywords : Biopellets, Laban wood, Oilpalm trunk, tapioca, sag