The role of learning strategies and individual characteristics in predicting academic achievement in prospective teachers

Bu çalışmanın amacı, öğretmen adaylarında öğrenme stratejileri ve bireysel özelliklerin akademik başarıyı yordamadaki rolünü incelemektir. Araştırmaya Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi’nde farklı alanlarda öğrenim gören toplam 265 öğrenci katılmıştır. Veri toplama aracı olarak Öğrenme Stratejileri Ölçeği ve Kişisel Bilgi Formu kullanılmıştır. Bulgular, derin bilişsel öğrenme stratejileri ile sınıf, cinsiyet ve yaş gibi bireysel özelliklerin akademik başarıyı yordadığını göstermiştir. Araştırmada ayrıca, öğretmen adaylarının derin öğrenme stratejilerini daha yüksek, yüzeysel bilişsel stratejileri ise daha düşük düzeyde kullandıkları, akademik başarının derin bilişsel stratejiler ile anlamlı pozitif ilişkili olduğu, yüzeysel öğrenme stratejilerini kullanma düzeyinin cinsiyete ve bilişüstü öğrenme stratejilerini kullanma düzeyinin bölüme göre anlamlı olarak farklılaştığı görülmüştür. Bulgular eğitimciler açısından tartışılmış ve önerilerde bulunulmuştur.their individual characteristics in predicting academic achievement. The participants were 265 studentsstudying in different major fields at the Faculty of Education in Pamukkale University. Learning Strategies Inventory and Personal Information Sheet were used to gather data. Results showed that academic achievement was predicted by deep learning strategies, grade, gender and age. It was also seen that prospective teachers used deep learning strategies more than surface learning strategies, deep learning strategies were positively correlated with academic achievement, surface learning strategies did significiantly differ as to gender, while metacognitive learning strategies did significiantly differ as to major field. Implications of the findings were discussed and suggestions were given for the educators

Tükenmişliğin öğretmen adayları arasındaki yaygınlığı, demografik değişkenler ve akademik başarı ile i̇lişkisi

Bu çalışmanın amacı, tükenmişliğin, öğretmen adayları arasındaki yaygınlığı ile demografik özellikler ve akademik başarı ilişkisini incelemektir. Araştırmaya Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesinde farklı alanlarda öğrenim gören yaşları 18 ile 24 arasında değişen toplam 487 öğrenci katılmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplama araçları olarak Maslach Tükenmişlik Ölçeği Öğrenci Versiyonu ve kişisel bilgi formu kullanılmıştır. Analizler, öğretmen adaylarının % 17’ sinin yüksek düzeyde tükenmişlik yaşadığını göstermiştir. Analiz sonuçları ayrıca tükenmişliğin; cinsiyet, öğrenim görülen sınıf düzeyine göre farklılaştığını ve tükenmişliğin akademik başarı ile anlamlı düzeyde negatif ilişkili olduğunu göstermiştir. Araştırmada elde edilen bulgular eğitsel doğurguları dikkate alınarak eğitimciler ve psikolojik danışmanlar açısından ele alınıp tartışılmıştır.The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of burnout among prospective teachers, and its relationship with demographics variables and academic achievement. The participants were 487 students who were studying in different major fields at the Faculty of Education in Pamukkale University. The age range varied from 18 to 24. In this study, Maslach Burnout Inventory Student Version and Personal Information Form were used to gather data. The analysis showed that 17% of prospective teachers have experienced burnout at a high level. Other findings indicated that burnout significantly differed by gender and grade level and was negatively related to academic achievement. Implications of the findings are discussed and some suggestions are made for the educator and counselors

Üniversite ögrencilerinde akademik erteleme eğiliminin çeşitli değişkenler açısından incelenmesi

motivasyon, zaman yönetimi, çalışmaya ve öğrenmeye yönelik olumsuz tutum, konsantre olma güçlüğü, akademik başarı ve cinsiyet ile ilişkisini incelemektir. Araştırmaya Pamukkale Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesinde farklı bölümlerde öğrenim gören, yaşları 19 ile 25 arasında değişen 154 ‘ü kız ve 84’ ü erkek olmak üzere 238 öğrenci katılmıştır. Araştırmada veri toplamak amacıyla Aitken Erteleme Eğilimi Ölçeği ile Öğrenme ve Çalışma Stratejileri Ölçeği kullanılmıştır. Yapılan analizlerde, akademik erteleme davranışı ile çalışma ve öğrenmeye yönelik olumsuz tutum, etkili olmayan zaman yönetimi, konsantrasyon güçlüğü arasında anlamlı düzeyde pozitif; motivasyon ve akademik başarı arasında anlamlı düzeyde negatif ilişkilerin olduğu görülmüştür. Yapılan çoklu regresyon analizinde ise motivasyon ve olumsuz zaman yönetiminin akademik erteleme eğilimini anlamlı düzeyde yordadığı görülmüştür. Bulgular ayrıca, akademik erteleme eğiliminin cinsiyet değişkenine göre farklılaştığını, kız öğrencilerin akademik erteleme eğilimi düzeylerinin erkek öğrencilerinkinden daha düşük olduğunu göstermiştir. Sonuçlar, eğitimciler ve psikolojik danışmanlar açısından ele alınıp tartışılmış, bulgular doğrultusunda önerilerde bulunulmuştur.The purpose of this study is to investigate relations between university students’ academic procrastination, motivation, ineffective time management, inability to concentration, negative attitude towards study and learning, academic achievement, and gender. The sample of the study consists of 238 students (154 female and 84 male) studying in the different major fields at Pamukkale University. Age range varied from 19 to 25. Aitken Procrastination Inventory and Learning and Study Strategies Inventory were used to gather data. Results showed that academic procrastination was positively related with poor time management skills, inability to concentration, and negative attitude towards study and learning, while was negatively related with motivation, and academic achievement. Results of multiple regression analyses showed that academic procrastination was predicted by motivation and poor time management skills. Another finding of this study showed that academic procrastination differed according to gender. Implications of these findings were discussed for educators, psychological counselors, and some suggestions were presented in light of findings

The Effect of In-Service Training Courses on Teacher Achievement: A Meta-analysis Study

One of the ways for teachers to improve classroom activities and student achievement is to receive in-service training (IST). This study examines theses that deal with the effects of IST on teachers‘ achievement by means of meta-analysis. A total of five theses, chosen through screening conducted by specified criteria, were included in this meta-analysis. The effect sizes, obtained from these presented theses, were combined, a common effect size belonging to the efficiency of IST courses (Hedge’s g =3.819) was calculated and the organized IST courses were determined to be highly effective within the thesis. It was revealed that there were not enough studies conducted in Turkey that measure the empirical effectiveness of IST and exploring the effectiveness of IST courses was demonstrated to be a virgin area for researchers

Higher-order aberrations following wavefront-guided photorefractive keratectomy and laser in situ keratomileusis

Background: We aimed to evaluate higher-order aberrations (HOAs) following wavefront-guided photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) in patients with myopia and myopic astigmatism. Methods: This retrospective observational case-control study included patients who underwent wavefront-guided PRK (40 eyes of 20 patients) or LASIK (40 eyes of 20 patients) between August 2018 and November 2018 at the refractive surgery unit of Kayseri City Hospital Eye Clinic, Turkey. The corrected distance visual acuity (CDVA), manifest refraction, corneal topography, and HOAs were evaluated preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively in all patients. Results: The mean age ± standard deviation (SD) was 27.13 ± 5.54 years and 29.10 ± 4.38 years in the PRK and LASIK groups, respectively (P = 0.06). Both groups had a mean CDVA of 1.00. The mean ± SD of spherical and spherical equivalent values was -2.09 ± 1.56 diopter (D) and -3.03 ± 1.72 D in the PRK group and -2.23 ± 1.69 D and -3.35 ± 1.71 D in the LASIK group, respectively (P = 0.58). When the preoperative and postoperative HOAs and root mean square (RMS) values (for a 6-mm pupil diameter) were compared in the PRK group, a significant difference was found in vertical coma and total RMS values (P = 0.003 and P ˂ 0.001, respectively); in the LASIK group, there was a significant difference in preoperative and postoperative vertical coma and total RMS values (P = 0.0.001 and P ˂ 0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference in preoperative and postoperative vertical coma values between the two groups (P = 0.735 and P = 0.583, respectively). Conclusions: In terms of HOAs, total RMS values decreased significantly and vertical coma values increased significantly at 3 months postoperatively in both PRK and LASIK groups. However, there were no differences between the two groups

Sastav eteričnih ulja u iglicama i kori turskoga crvenog bora (Pinus brutia Ten.) zaraženoga insektom Marchalina hellenica Genn.

The scale insect Marchalina hellenica Genn. plays a key role in pine honey production and is hosted mainly by Turkish red pine (Pinus brutia Ten.). The needles of Turkish red pine are rich in essential oils. Moreover, essential oils can affect the host selection of insects. The essential oils in the needles and barks of Marchalina hellenica-infested and non-infested Turkish red pine were obtained via water distillation and their composition was determined by GC-MS analyses. The composition of the essential oils was found to differ in the needles of non-infested Turkish red pine and in those of pine infested by Marchalina hellenica. The Mann-Whitney U test results showed that the β-caryophyllene level was higher in the needles of Turkish red pine infested by Marchalina hellenica, whereas the junipen level was higher in the essential oil of non-infested Turkish red pine bark. Pimaral and α-guaiene were detected only in the needles of infested trees, but were absent in the needles of non-infested trees. These components may be markers that can act on their own or as part of the whole in the host tree selection of Marchalina hellenica. In addition, the cis-verbenone component found in Turkish red pine bark might play a role in attracting Marchalina hellenica. This phenomenon should be further investigated through additional studies.Ljuskavica Marchalina hellenica Genn. ima ključnu ulogu u proizvodnji meda od borovine, a uglavnom živi na turskome crvenom boru (Pinus brutia Ten.). Iglice tog bora bogate su eteričnim uljima. Štoviše, eterična ulja za insekte mogu biti presudna pri odabiru domaćina na kojemu će se nastaniti. Eterična ulja iz iglica turskoga crvenog bora zaraženoga i nezaraženoga ljuskavicom Marchalina hellenica dobivena su vodenom destilacijom, a njihov je sastav određen GC-MS analizama. Utvrđeno je da je sastav eteričnih ulja u iglicama ne-zaraženoga turskoga crvenog bora i u iglicama bora zaraženoga s Marchalina hellenica različit. Rezultati Mann-Whitneyjeva U-testa pokazali su da je razina β-kariofilena veća u iglicama crvenoga turskog bora zaraženoga s Marchalina hellenica, dok je razina kleke viša u eteričnom ulju nezaražene kore turskoga crvenog bora. Pimaral i α-guaiene otkriveni su samo u zaraženim iglicama stabala, ali ih nije bilo u iglicama nezaraženih borova. Te komponente mogu biti markeri koji pri selekciji stabla domaćina Marchaline hellenice mogu djelovati sami ili kao dio cjeline. Osim toga, komponenta cis-verbenon, pronađena u kori turskoga crvenog bora, mogla bi imati važnu ulogu u privlačenju Marchaline hellenice. Tu je pojavu potrebno detaljnije istražiti u dodatnim studijama

Energy Response and Longitudinal Shower Profiles Measured in CMS HCAL and Comparison With Geant4

The response of the CMS combined electromagnetic and hadron calorimeter to beams of pions with momenta in the range 5-300 GeV/c has been measured in the H2 test beam at CERN. The raw response with the electromagnetic compartment calibrated to electrons and the hadron compartment calibrated to 300 GeV pions may be represented by sigma = (1.2) sqrt{E} oplus (0.095) E. The fraction of energy visible in the calorimeter ranges from 0.72 at 5 GeV to 0.95 at 300 GeV, indicating a substantial nonlinearity. The intrinsic electron to hadron ratios are fit as a function of energy and found to be in the range 1.3-2.7 for the electromagnetic compartment and 1.4-1.8 for the hadronic compartment. The fits are used to correct the non-linearity of the e pi response to 5% over the entire measured range resulting in a substantially improved resolution at low energy. Longitudinal shower profile have been measured in detail and compared to Geant4 models, LHEP-3.7 and QGSP-2.8. At energies below 30 GeV, the data, LHEP and QGSP are in agreement. Above 30 GeV, LHEP gives a more accurate simulation of the longitudinal shower profile

Synchronization and Timing in CMS HCAL

The synchronization and timing of the hadron calorimeter (HCAL) for the Compact Muon Solenoid has been extensively studied with test beams at CERN during the period 2003-4, including runs with 40 MHz structured beam. The relative phases of the signals from different calorimeter segments are timed to 1 ns accuracy using a laser and equalized using programmable delay settings in the front-end electronics. The beam was used to verify the timing and to map out the entire range of pulse shapes over the 25 ns interval between beam crossings. These data were used to make detailed measurements of energy-dependent time slewing effects and to tune the electronics for optimal performance

Design, Performance and Calibration of the CMS Forward Calorimeter Wedges

We report on the test beam results and calibration methods using charged particles of the CMS Forward Calorimeter (HF). The HF calorimeter covers a large pseudorapidity region (3\l |\eta| \le 5), and is essential for large number of physics channels with missing transverse energy. It is also expected to play a prominent role in the measurement of forward tagging jets in weak boson fusion channels. The HF calorimeter is based on steel absorber with embedded fused-silica-core optical fibers where Cherenkov radiation forms the basis of signal generation. Thus, the detector is essentially sensitive only to the electromagnetic shower core and is highly non-compensating (e/h \approx 5). This feature is also manifest in narrow and relatively short showers compared to similar calorimeters based on ionization. The choice of fused-silica optical fibers as active material is dictated by its exceptional radiation hardness. The electromagnetic energy resolution is dominated by photoelectron statistics and can be expressed in the customary form as a/\sqrt{E} + b. The stochastic term a is 198% and the constant term b is 9%. The hadronic energy resolution is largely determined by the fluctuations in the neutral pion production in showers, and when it is expressed as in the electromagnetic case, a = 280% and b = 11%