Response from anaerobic digestion of laying hen manure with biochar addition

This study aimed to assess the anaerobic digestion response of laying hen manure with different inclusion levels of biochar in batch reactors as measured by physicochemical parameters, biogas production and digestate quality. Four levels of biochar inclusions (0, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5%) were tested with 3 replicates each. Twelve two-liter anaerobic batch reactors were used for 86 days at 35°C. Substrate and digestate of each treatment were assessed for monitored parameters, biogas production and digestate quality. Increased levels (0, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5%) of biochar were found to gradually reduce total ammonia nitrogen (1794.33, 140.84, 950.81 and 509.32 mg.L-1, respectively). Despite the positive effect of biochar to accelerate initial biogas production, its use at any inclusion rate did not contribute significantly to biogas production in terms of biogas yield or digestate quality as compared to control treatment

Sensitivity of South American tropical forests to an extreme climate anomaly

The tropical forest carbon sink is known to be drought sensitive, but it is unclear which forests are the most vulnerable to extreme events. Forests with hotter and drier baseline conditions may be protected by prior adaptation, or more vulnerable because they operate closer to physiological limits. Here we report that forests in drier South American climates experienced the greatest impacts of the 2015–2016 El Niño, indicating greater vulnerability to extreme temperatures and drought. The long-term, ground-measured tree-by-tree responses of 123 forest plots across tropical South America show that the biomass carbon sink ceased during the event with carbon balance becoming indistinguishable from zero (−0.02 ± 0.37 Mg C ha −1 per year). However, intact tropical South American forests overall were no more sensitive to the extreme 2015–2016 El Niño than to previous less intense events, remaining a key defence against climate change as long as they are protected

Response from anaerobic digestion of laying hen manure with biochar addition

This study aimed to assess the anaerobic digestion response of laying hen manure with different inclusion levels of biochar in batch reactors as measured by physicochemical parameters, biogas production and digestate quality. Four levels of biochar inclusions (0, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5%) were tested with 3 replicates each. Twelve two-liter anaerobic batch reactors were used for 86 days at 35°C. Substrate and digestate of each treatment were assessed for monitored parameters, biogas production and digestate quality. Increased levels (0, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5%) of biochar were found to gradually reduce total ammonia nitrogen (1794.33, 140.84, 950.81 and 509.32 mg.L-1, respectively). Despite the positive effect of biochar to accelerate initial biogas production, its use at any inclusion rate did not contribute significantly to biogas production in terms of biogas yield or digestate quality as compared to control treatment.This article is published as Andrade, Willian R., Cecilia de FS Ferreira, Richard S. Gates, Alisson C. Borges, and Tânia Santos. "Response from anaerobic digestion of laying hen manure with biochar addition." Engenharia Agrícola 40, no. 3 (2020): 315-321. doi: 10.1590/1809-4430-eng.agric.v40n3p315-321/2020. </p

Serodiagnosis of Trypanosoma cruzi using the new particle gel immunoassay - ID-PaGIA Chagas

Submitted by Julio Heber Camargo Silva ([email protected]) on 2018-03-27T17:28:00Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Artigo - Ana Rabello - 1999.pdf: 110280 bytes, checksum: b6d0e0f270727a771c88f862466d8beb (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira ([email protected]) on 2018-03-28T11:52:29Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Artigo - Ana Rabello - 1999.pdf: 110280 bytes, checksum: b6d0e0f270727a771c88f862466d8beb (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-28T11:52:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Artigo - Ana Rabello - 1999.pdf: 110280 bytes, checksum: b6d0e0f270727a771c88f862466d8beb (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 1999-01The ID-Chagas test is a particle gel immunoassay (PaGIA). Red coloured particles are sensitised with three different synthetic peptides representing antigen sequences of Trypanosoma cruzi: Ag2, TcD and TcE. When these particles are mixed with serum containing specific antibodies, they agglutinate. The reaction mixture is centrifuged through a gel filtration matrix allowing free agglutinated particles to remain trapped on the top or distributed within the gel. The result can be read visually. In order to investigate the ability of the ID-PaGIA to discriminate negative and positive sera, 111 negative and 119 positive, collected in four different Brazilian institutions, were tested by each of the participants. All sera were previously classified as positive or negative according to results obtained with three conventional tests (indirect immunofluorescence, indirect hemaglutination, and enzime linked immunosorbent assay). Sensitivity rates of ID-PaGIA varied from 95.7% to 97.4% with mean sensitivity of 96.8% and specificity rates varied from 93.8 to 98.8% with mean specificity of 94.6%. The overall Kappa test was 0.94. The assay presents as advantages the simplicity of operation and the reaction time of 20 min. In this study, ID-PaGIA showed to be highly sensitive and specific

Serodiagnosis of Trypanosoma cruzi infection using the new particle gel immunoassay - ID-PaGIA Chagas

The ID-Chagas test is a particle gel immunoassay (PaGIA). Red coloured particles are sensitised with three different synthetic peptides representing antigen sequences of Trypanosoma cruzi: Ag2, TcD and TcE. When these particles are mixed with serum containing specific antibodies, they agglutinate. The reaction mixture is centrifuged through a gel filtration matrix allowing free agglutinated particles to remain trapped on the top or distributed within the gel. The result can be read visually. In order to investigate the ability of the ID-PaGIA to discriminate negative and positive sera, 111 negative and 119 positive, collected in four different Brazilian institutions, were tested by each of the participants. All sera were previously classified as positive or negative according to results obtained with three conventional tests (indirect immunofluorescence, indirect hemaglutination, and enzime linked immunosorbent assay). Sensitivity rates of ID-PaGIA varied from 95.7% to 97.4% with mean sensitivity of 96.8% and specificity rates varied from 93.8 to 98.8% with mean specificity of 94.6%. The overall Kappa test was 0.94. The assay presents as advantages the simplicity of operation and the reaction time of 20 min. In this study, ID-PaGIA showed to be highly sensitive and specific