EVALUATION OF INSECTICIDES RESISTANCE IN Blattella germanica (L., 1757) (Dictyoptera: Blatellidae) IN JUIZ DE FORA MUNICIPALITY, MINAS GERAIS, BRAZIL

Blattella germanica lives a long time in association with the man, near man's food and creating resistance to various insecticides. Thus, it is the species of cockroach more difficult to control, causing great disorder, affecting the economy and presenting medical importance. This study aimed to evaluate the resistance of B. germanica to Diazinon (R) (organophosphate), Cipermetrine (R) (pyrethroid) and Propoxur (R) (carbamate) insecticides and the period of residual effect assessed until 15 days of application. In order to evaluate the acquired resistance by B. germanica to insecticide and for better characterization with the day by day of the companies that control pests, the dilution in water followed the instructions of the manufacturer and technique for the test was tarsal contact. The cockroaches were collected in many locations in commercial areas in Juiz de Fora municipality (Minas Gerais) and created in laboratory environment (temperature 28 degrees C +/- 1 degrees C, 60% +/- 5% relative air humidity), feeding with dog food, powdered milk and water, offered continuously. The specimens obtained from the 3(rd) generation were used in the tests, eliminating any previous contact with insecticide or other chemical products. For evaluation of each insecticide were used 1800 specimens. The results showed resistance to Cipermetrine and Propoxur, while Diazinon was the most effective, proving to be the best recommendation for the control of this insect. The residual effect of the three insecticides showed similar results for the control of B. germanica and the most stable period was from the 1(st) to the 10(th) day.27464264

Desordem Temporomandibular: relações entre sintomas otológicos e orofaciais Temporomandibular Disorder: relationship between otologic and orofacial symptoms

Os sintomas otológicos são freqüentes em pacientes com desordem temporomandibular, e estudos são necessários para elucidar os mecanismos envolvidos. OBJETIVO: O objetivo desse estudo clínico foi investigar a associação de sintomas otológicos (otalgia, zumbido e plenitude auricular) com os achados audiológicos, os outros sinais/sintomas relacionados à desordem temporomandibular, e os hábitos parafuncionais orais. FORMA DE ESTUDO: Prospectivo clínico. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: 27 pacientes com desordem temporomandibular, da Clínica de Oclusão da Faculdade de Odontologia de Ribeirão Preto da Universidade de São Paulo, responderam um questionário sobre sinais, sintomas e hábitos orais, e passaram por avaliações otorrinolaringológica e audiológica. Os dados foram analisados pelos testes Binomial, Exato de Fisher e correlação produto-momento de Pearson. O índice de significância adotado foi p<0,05. RESULTADOS: Os sintomas otológicos foram presentes em 88,88% dos pacientes (59,26% apresentavam otalgia, 74,07% zumbido e 74,07% plenitude auricular). Não houve associação significante entre os sintomas otológicos e os achados audiológicos. Houve associação significante entre os sintomas otológicos e os movimentos mandibulares e funções (falar, abrir e fechar a boca). Houve também correlações significantes entre o grau de severidade dos sintomas otológicos e o grau de outros sinais/sintomas de desordem temporomandibular; e entre o sintoma plenitude auricular e número de hábitos parafuncionais. CONCLUSÃO: Este estudo fornece sustentação adicional à noção de que há relação entre desordem temporomandibular e sintomas otológicos. Nos pacientes com desordem temporomandibular as alterações do sistema estomatognático, como a dor orofacial e a dificuldade nas atividades funcionais, foi associada de modo significante aos sintomas otológicos.<br>The otologic symptoms are frequents in temporomandibular disorder patients, and studies are needed to elucidate the involved mechanisms. AIM: The objective of the present study was to investigate the association of otology symptoms (otalgia, tinnitus, ear fullness) with otologic findings, the other temporomandibular disorder signs and symptoms, and parafunctional habits. STUDY DESIGN: Clinical prospective. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 27 temporomandibular patients from Occlusion Clinic of the Dental School of Ribeirão Preto – University of Sao Paulo, answered a questionnaire which included questions about signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorder and parafunctional habits; they were submitted to otorhinolaryngological and audiologic examination. The data obtained were analyzed through Binomial Test, Exact Test of Fisher and Pearson Correlation, with p value < 0.05. RESULTS: Otologic symptoms were presented in 88.88% of the patients (59.26% presented otalgia, 74.07 tinnitus and 74.07% ear fullness). There was no significance between the otologic symptoms and audiologic findings. There was significant association between otologic symptoms and jaw movements or functions (speaking, opening, closing the mouth). There was significant correlation between grade of otologic symptoms and grade of other temporomandibular disorder signs/symptoms, and between the symptom ear fullness and number of the parafunctional habits. CONCLUSION: The results provide additional support for the notion that a relationship between temporomandibular disorder and otologic symptoms does exist. In temporomandibular disorder patients, the stomatognathic system alterations, such as orofacial pain and functional difficulties, were statically associated with otologic symptoms