702 research outputs found
Increasing Performance And Sample Efficiency With Model-agnostic Interactive Feature Attributions
Model-agnostic feature attributions can provide local insights in complex ML
models. If the explanation is correct, a domain expert can validate and trust
the model's decision. However, if it contradicts the expert's knowledge,
related work only corrects irrelevant features to improve the model. To allow
for unlimited interaction, in this paper we provide model-agnostic
implementations for two popular explanation methods (Occlusion and Shapley
values) to enforce entirely different attributions in the complex model. For a
particular set of samples, we use the corrected feature attributions to
generate extra local data, which is used to retrain the model to have the right
explanation for the samples. Through simulated and real data experiments on a
variety of models we show how our proposed approach can significantly improve
the model's performance only by augmenting its training dataset based on
corrected explanations. Adding our interactive explanations to active learning
settings increases the sample efficiency significantly and outperforms existing
explanatory interactive strategies. Additionally we explore how a domain expert
can provide feature attributions which are sufficiently correct to improve the
model
Diversity of 3-chloroaniline and 3,4-dichloroaniline degrading bacteria isolated from three different soils and involvement of their plasmids in chloroaniline degradation.
CoRe-Sleep: A Multimodal Fusion Framework for Time Series Robust to Imperfect Modalities
Sleep abnormalities can have severe health consequences. Automated sleep
staging, i.e. labelling the sequence of sleep stages from the patient's
physiological recordings, could simplify the diagnostic process. Previous work
on automated sleep staging has achieved great results, mainly relying on the
EEG signal. However, often multiple sources of information are available beyond
EEG. This can be particularly beneficial when the EEG recordings are noisy or
even missing completely. In this paper, we propose CoRe-Sleep, a Coordinated
Representation multimodal fusion network that is particularly focused on
improving the robustness of signal analysis on imperfect data. We demonstrate
how appropriately handling multimodal information can be the key to achieving
such robustness. CoRe-Sleep tolerates noisy or missing modalities segments,
allowing training on incomplete data. Additionally, it shows state-of-the-art
performance when testing on both multimodal and unimodal data using a single
model on SHHS-1, the largest publicly available study that includes sleep stage
labels. The results indicate that training the model on multimodal data does
positively influence performance when tested on unimodal data. This work aims
at bridging the gap between automated analysis tools and their clinical
utility.Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables, journa
Comparative aspects of pulmonary toxicity induced by cytotoxic agents with emphasis on lomustine, and a veterinary case report
In veterinary oncology the use of the nitrosourea compound lomustine is increasing. veterinary oncologists need to be aware of the pulmonary toxicity of this drug.
Because of the lack of veterinary publications on this subject, the incidence and pathophysiology in human cancer patients of pulmonary toxicity induced by cytotoxic agents in general and by nitrosoureas in particular are discussed. Three clinical syndromes can be recognized, the most devastating of which is interstitial pneumonitis resulting in pulmonary fibrosis. Disturbances in the homeostatic mechanisms of the oxidant/antioxidant-, immunologic-, matrix repair-, proteolytic-, and central nervous systems are some of the major mechanisms of pulmonary injury in human medicine. Risk factors such as cumulative dose, age, radiation, oxygen administration and multi-drug regimens are recognized.
For the first time in veterinarv medicine, a case report of a dog with pulmonary fibrosis, probably caused by chronic lomustine administration, is presented
Pseudomonas cichorii as the causal agent of midrib rot, an emerging disease of greenhouse-grown butterhead lettuce in Flanders
Peri-articular histiocytic sarcoma and synovial cell sarcoma in Bernese Mountain dogs : a retrospective investigation of the prevalence of these tumours in association with previously diseased joints
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The micro petri dish:a highly subdivided microbiological growth format fabricated by micro-eningeering a highly porous ceramic for diagnostics, counting and screening applications
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