3,057 research outputs found
Microfluidic Transport Driven by Opto-Thermal Effects
This chapter reviews several approaches towards the manipulation and transport of fluids and macromolecules by optically-induced thermal effects
CMOS detectors for space applications: from R&D to operational program with large volume foundry
Nowadays, CMOS image sensors are widely considered for space applications. The use of CIS (CMOS Image sensor)
processes has significantly enhanced their performances such as dark current, quantum efficiency and conversion gain. However, in order to fulfil specific space mission requirements, dedicated research and development work has to be performed to address specific detector performance issues. This is especially the case for dynamic range improvement through output voltage swing optimisation, control of conversion gain and noise reduction. These issues have been addressed in a 0.35ÎŒm CIS process, based on a large volume CMOS foundry, by several joint ISAE- EADS Astrium R&D programs. These results have been applied to the development of the visible and near-infrared multi-linear imager for the SENTINEL 2 mission (LEO Earth observation mission for the Global Measurement Environment and Security program). For this high performance multi-linear device, output voltage swing improvement is achieved by process optimisation done in collaboration with foundry. Conversion gain control is also achieved for each spectral band by managing photodiode capacitance. A low noise level at sensor output is reached by the use of an architecture allowing Correlated Double Sampling readout in order to eliminate reset noise (KTC noise). KTC noise elimination reveals noisy pixels due to RTS noise. Optimisation of transistorsâs dimensions, taking into account conversion gain constraints, is done to minimise these noisy pixels. Additional features have been also designed: 1) Due to different integration times between spectral bands required by mission, a specific readout mode was developed in order to avoid electrical perturbations during the integration time and readout. This readout mode leads to specific power supply architecture. 2)Post processing steps can be achieved by alignment marks design allowing a very good accuracy. These alignment marks can be used for a black coating deposition between spectral bands (pixel line) in order to minimise straight lighteffects. In conclusion a review of design improvements and performances of the final component is performed
Semion Anissimovitch FALâKNER, Le Papier-monnaie dans la RĂ©volution française, une analyse en termes dâĂ©conomie dâĂ©mission
Ce livre est le couronnement de deux tours de force. Le premier eut lieu entre 1916 et 1919, car Ă©crire et achever un travail de synthĂšse de cette ampleur, en pleine guerre mondiale et civile, force lâadmiration. Semion Anissimovitch Falâkner a livrĂ© une enquĂȘte dense, prĂ©cise, et un apport thĂ©orique original sur lâhistoire des assignats depuis leur mise en place jusquâĂ leur destruction. LâĂ©conomiste analyse les faits monĂ©taires sans nĂ©gliger les aspects sociaux et politiques de son objet. L..
Benjamin LEMOINE, LâOrdre de la dette
Benjamin Lemoine est un spĂ©cialiste dans lâhistoire contemporaine de la dette publique française, dĂ©veloppant par ses travaux une analyse Ă la fois historique, sociologique et technique. Lâouvrage dont il est ici question est tirĂ© de sa thĂšse de doctorat primĂ©e par lâAssociation française de science politique, Les Valeurs de la dette, lâĂtat Ă lâĂ©preuve de la dette publique dirigĂ©e par Michel Callon et Yannick Barthe. Lâauteur, en retraçant les Ă©volutions de la dette publique, cherche Ă repen..
Benjamin LEMOINE, LâOrdre de la dette
Benjamin Lemoine est un spĂ©cialiste dans lâhistoire contemporaine de la dette publique française, dĂ©veloppant par ses travaux une analyse Ă la fois historique, sociologique et technique. Lâouvrage dont il est ici question est tirĂ© de sa thĂšse de doctorat primĂ©e par lâAssociation française de science politique, Les Valeurs de la dette, lâĂtat Ă lâĂ©preuve de la dette publique dirigĂ©e par Michel Callon et Yannick Barthe. Lâauteur, en retraçant les Ă©volutions de la dette publique, cherche Ă repen..
Paroles en conflits. Communication, médiatisation et action collective
Lâarticle propose dâexplorer, du point de vue de ce quâune science de la communication peut apporter, lâarticulation entre communication, stratĂ©gies de communication et mĂ©diatisation face Ă lâenjeu de la conquĂȘte de lâopinion publique par des parties en conflit.Lâarticle propose dâexplorer, du point de vue de ce quâune science de la communication peut apporter, lâarticulation entre communication, stratĂ©gies de communication et mĂ©diatisation face Ă lâenjeu de la conquĂȘte de lâopinion publique par des parties en conflit
Culture dâentreprise, communication interne et stratĂ©gies de changement
La pragmatique de la communication incite Ă lire lâentreprise comme un systĂšme de comportements et de contextes en interaction. De ce point de vue, lâorganisation est donc directement dĂ©finie en termes de communication. La culture dâentreprise â au sens courant de culture induite par le management â apparaĂźt dĂšs lors comme une perturbation stratĂ©gique du systĂšme de communication Interne ou, autrement dit, de la culture de lâentreprise. Ce type dâintervention nâest donc pas sans prĂ©senter certains paradoxes et poser certaines questions dont la moindre nâest pas de sâaccorder sur la notion de communication interne elle-mĂȘme.Pragmatics of human communication leads to consider the organization as a system of Interactions and contexts. The organization Is directly considered, from this viewpoint, as a human communication system. Then, the « Corporate culture » â this managerial next strategy-becomes a disturbance of the Internal system of communication by the management. In other words, this disturbance appears as an Intervention on the whole cultural dynamic of the organization. Therefore, such managerial strategy shows paradoxes and puts several questions especially about the concepts of corporate culture and organizational communication
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