Estado da arte da arborização urbana de Petrolina, PE.

A cidade de Petrolina está situada no extremo oeste do estado de Pernambuco, no vale do São Francisco. Nos levantamentos qualitativos e quantitativos de sua arborização, constatou-se altos percentuais de espécies exóticas, sendo Terminalia catappa com 49% na década de 90 e de 41%com Ficus benjamina na década de 2000, já com o uso de geotecnologias. Recentemente, com a reestruturação das vias públicas da cidade, tem sido observado, significativos avanços com relação ao aumento do percentual de plantas nativas regionais. Essa situação só poderá ser confirmada após a realização de novos levantamentos nos próximos dez anos ou mais. Em relação a outros aspectos relacionados ao manejo e conflitos, foram observados que nos levantamentos mais antigos ainda existem vários problemas no tocante ao espaçamento entre árvores, respectivas distâncias entre meio-fio de ruas, largura das calçadas, recuo das construções, altura das fiações e ainda as podas drásticas. Entretanto a maximização do uso dos espaços urbanos, a valorização da flora regional e a alternativa de uso de geotecnologias, esses problemas tendem a ser minimizados

Coupling in-depth genome annotations with genome editing technology for harnessing genomic variation to promote precision breeding in tropical soybean.

ABSTRACT: Directional selection during crop domestication and advanced breeding has resulted in significant changes in plant genomes. The extent of intraspecific variation in a crop documents domestication and highlights variants underlying complex traits. Studies demonstrate that most naturally occurring variants in crops are low frequency, and only a small fraction of those might have important functions to trait variation. To understand the inheritance of quantitative traits, diversity panels have become available by crossing inbred lines to produce genomic maps that relate phenotypic variation to recombination and ultimately to genome structure. Using these resources, genomics studies have suggested that selection performs poorly in pericentromeric regions because of reduced recombination frequency (RF). Thus, manipulating RF and meiotic crossover location is an appealing issue to advance crop breeding. In our study, we are using genomic analysis to characterize intragenomic diversity of tropical elite soybean lines in terms of heterozygosity, RF, chromatin structure and accessibility. Our results to date include the generation of draft genome assemblies for two soybean advanced lines using PACBIO long-read sequencing, Chromium Linked-Reads sequencing and an approach rooted in polymer physics that determines the most likely genome structure using chromosomal contact data. In-depth genome-wide characterization is ongoing using ATAC-Seq and Parent-Progeny resequencing. We also present our efforts to apply DNA-free editing tools in implementing genetic alterations that are expected to engineer desirable traits in soybeans by modifying meiotic specific expression. These changes are expected to increase genetic and epigenetic variations with favorable outcomes in seed oil and protein pathway regulation. Financial support: Embrapa-Monsanto Fund/Project:03.17.03.002.00.0

Biomonitoring the Vitex gardneriana Shauer (Lamiaceae) toxic effects to shed light on bioactive compounds against a major coconut pest mite.

The coconut mite, Aceria guerreronis Keifer (Acari: Eriophyidae), is a major pest of coconut plantations (Cocos nucifera L.) worldwide. Here, we conducted a bioguided phytochemical approach using toxicity and repellency bioassays of nonpolar extract and its fractions of Vitex gardneriana Schauer (Lamiaceae) leaves to this pest. Nonpolar crude extract was fractionated by column chromatography using solvents with increased polarity and binary mixtures, resulting in five semipurified groups. The biomonitoring bioassay provided active fractions and led to the isolation and characterization of the bioactive compound squalene, a biosynthetic precursor of 20-hydroxyecdysone, which plays an important role in plant defense against arthropods. The LC50 of the crude extract of V. gardneriana for A. guerreronis was estimated to be 0.185 mg·mL-1 and LC80 = 4.123 mg·mL-1. Also, the extract was highly repellent to this pest for up to 24 h. The fractions of V. gardneriana, and also squalene, caused mortality to A. guerreronis. The potential of V. gardneriana fractions/squalene as biopesticides for controlling A. guerreronis in coconut plantations is discussed herein

Manejo da broca-gigante da cana-de-açúcar (Telchinlicus) (Drury) (Lepidoptera: Castniidae) no nordeste do Brasil.

bitstream/item/142962/1/Docm-198.pdf; bitstream/item/142121/1/Doc-198.pd