Physical Exercise Decreases Fasting Hyperglycemia in Diabetic Mice Through AMPK Activation

Introduction: The deficiency in glucose uptake in peripheral tissues and increased hepatic gluconeogenesis are physiopathological phenomena observed in type 2 diabetes patients. Physical exercise plays an important role in the improvement of glycemic profile in diabetic patients; however, the mechanisms involved in these processes have not been fully elucidated. Objective: to assess the role of AMPK protein in the glycemic control of diabetic mice after exercise. Methods: During fasting condition, the insulin tolerance test (ITT) and Western blot technique, were combined to assess the glucose homeostasis in diabetic mice (ob/ob and db/db) after a single swimming session. Results: Fasting hyperglycemia, severe insulin resistance and deficiency in the AMPk/ACC signaling in muscle and liver observed in the diabetic mice were reversed after the exercise session. The restoration of AMPK/ACC signaling reduced the expression of the gluconeogenic enzyme, PEPCk in the liver, and increased the translocation of GLUT4 in the skeletal muscle. These data indicate that the activation of AMPK/ACC pathway induced by physical exercise is important to reduce fasting glucose levels in experimental models of type 2 diabetes. These data open new insights for determination of physical activity control on the glucose homeostasis in diabetic patients.15317918