Conventional versus flap-protected free gingival graft: a multicenter randomized clinical trial

The purpose of this study was to compare the outcomes of a modified gingival graft technique, in which the released flap is positioned and sutured over the graft, with the conventional free gingival graft (FGG) procedure, when both are used for gingival augmentation. A 12-month, multicenter parallel randomized controlled trial was conducted. Subjects with buccal RT2 gingival recessions and keratinized tissue width (KTW) < 2 mm in at least one mandibular incisor were randomized to control group (n = 20; conventional FGG) or test group (n = 20; modified FGG; flap sutured over FGG using sling sutures). The primary outcome (KTW) was measured at baseline and after 3, 6 and 12 months, as was keratinized tissue thickness (KTT). Postoperative pain (POP) and analgesic intake were also recorded. Both techniques promoted a significant increase in KTW and KTT when compared to baseline (p < 0.05) with no significant differences between groups (KTW change of 6.1±1.5 mm and 5.4±1.6 mm, for control and test, respectively; p=0.16). However, test group patients reported less POP after 7 days and used less analgesic medication than control group patients (p < 0.05). We concluded that the modified FGG was comparable to conventional FGG in augmenting keratinized tissue width and thickness at mandibular incisors, but resulted in less patient morbidity

Association of duffy blood group gene polymorphisms with IL8 gene in chronic periodontitis.

The antigens of the Duffy blood group system (DARC) act as a receptor for the interleukin IL-8. IL-8 plays an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis due to its chemotactic properties on neutrophils. The aim of this study was to investigate a possible association of Duffy blood group gene polymorphisms with the -353T>A, -845T>C and -738T>A SNPs of the IL8 gene in chronic periodontitis. One hundred and twenty-four individuals with chronic periodontitis and 187 controls were enrolled. DNA was extracted using the salting-out method. The Duffy genotypes and IL8 gene promoter polymorphisms were investigated by PCR-RFLP. Statistical analyses were conducted using the Chi square test with Yates correction or Fisher's Exact Test, and the possibility of associations were evaluated by odds ratio with a 95% confidence interval. When analyzed separately, for the Duffy blood group system, differences in the genotype and allele frequencies were not observed between all the groups analyzed; and, in nonsmokers, the -845C allele (3.6% vs. 0.4%), -845TC genotype (7.3% vs. 0.7%) and the CTA haplotype (3.6% vs. 0.4%) were positively associated with chronic periodontitis. For the first time to our knowledge, the polymorphisms of erythroid DARC plus IL8 -353T>A SNPs were associated with chronic periodontitis in Brazilian individuals. In Afro-Brazilians patients, the FY*02N.01 with IL8 -353A SNP was associated with protection to chronic periodontitis

Distribution of genotypes and alleles of the Duffy blood group system in patients with chronic periodontitis and controls.

<p>Distribution of genotypes and alleles of the Duffy blood group system in patients with chronic periodontitis and controls.</p

Characteristics of patients with chronic periodontitis and control population.

<p>* p-value < 0.001; OR = 0.31; 95% CI = 0.19-0.50; </p><p>** p-value = 0.03; OR = 2.07; 95% CI = 1.12-3.84; </p><p>*** p-value < 0.001; OR = 2.95; 95% CI = 1.56-5.62; </p><p>p-value < 0.001; OR = 3.31; 95% CI = 1.88-5.88.</p

PCR-RFLP: primers, cycling conditions and enzymes used to the genotyping of the Duffy blood group system.

<p>Cycling conditions: * 95°C, 15’; 35 cycles (94°C, 20”; 62°C, 20”; 72°C, 20”) and 72°C, 10’</p><p>** 95°C, 15’; 35 cycles (94°C, 20”; 62°C, 20”; 72°C, 20”) and 72°C, 10’</p

Allele, genotype and haplotype frequencies of the <i>-845T>C</i>, <i>-738T>A</i> and <i>-353T>A</i> polymorphisms in the <i>IL8</i> promoter region in Afro-Brazilian and Admixed-Brazilians patients and controls.

<p>* p-value = 0.067; OR = 0.3; 95% CI = 0.1- 0.9.</p><p>The genotypes -845CC, -738AA and TAT, CTT, CAT, CAA and CTA/CTA were not found in patients and controls.</p

PCR-RFLP: primers, cycling conditions and enzymes used to identify polymorphisms in the <i>IL8</i> promoter region.

<p>bp: base pairs;</p><p>Cycling conditions: * 95°C, 3’; 35 cycles (95°C 45”; 56°C, 30”; 68°C, 2’) and 68°C, 8’</p><p>** 94°C, 5’; 35 cycles (94°C, 30”; 61°C, 1’; 72°C, 1’) and 72°C, 8’</p><p>(***) It was not found a rs (reference sequence) identification number related to this SNP;</p

Distribution of <i>FY</i> allele frequencies with and without the -67T>C (<i>FY*02N.01</i>) and -265T>C (<i>FY*02M.01</i>) SNPs in Afro-Brazilian and Admixed-Brazilian patients with chronic periodontitis and controls.

<p>Distribution of <i>FY</i> allele frequencies with and without the -67T>C (<i>FY*02N.01</i>) and -265T>C (<i>FY*02M.01</i>) SNPs in Afro-Brazilian and Admixed-Brazilian patients with chronic periodontitis and controls.</p

Distribution of <i>FY</i> genotypes with the presence and absence of the <i>-67T>C</i> and 265<i>T</i>><i>C</i> polymorphisms versus the <i>-353T>A</i><i>IL8</i> SNP in patients with chronic periodontitis and controls.

<p>^a<i>FY</i> genotypes without <i>-67T>C</i> and/or 265<i>T</i>><i>C</i> SNPs;</p><p>^b<i>FY</i> genotypes with <i>-67T>C</i> and/or 265<i>T</i>><i>C</i> SNPs in homozygosis or heterozygosis (without DARC expression or lower DARC expression);</p><p>^cp-value = 0.03; OR = 0.25; 95% CI = 0.078- 0.79; </p