Análise integrada dos sistemas de gestão da sanidade e licenciamento em ruminantes

Trabalho de Projecto para obtenção do Mestrado em Tecnologias da Produção AnimalPara assegurar um elevado nível de proteção da vida e da saúde humana, é necessário garantir normas exigentes relativas à saúde animal. O surgimento de uma doença, pode assumir rapidamente as proporções de uma epizootia, causando graves prejuízos sobre a rentabilidade das explorações afetadas e ainda podem constituir uma ameaça para a saúde pública. Deste modo, por forma a evitar o aparecimento de novas doenças e controlar as atividades das explorações, surgiu a necessidade de estabelecer programas/sistemas baseados em legislação especifica, garantindo a rastreabilidade dos animais que circulam dentro do espaço comunitário, identificando e registando toda a informação sobre, nomeadamente, pequenos e grandes ruminantes.Assim, existem atualmente, várias bases de dados que permitem registar, organizar e aceder à informação sobre a exploração pecuária, o detentor dos animais, os efetivos pecuários, a localização dos mesmos e a movimentação animal, entre outros aspetos relacionados com as várias atividades produtivas e sanitárias. O presente trabalho baseia-se na análise da informação vertida em cada um dos programas gestores das bases de dados, nomeadamente, os que contêm informação acerca da sanidade animal e licenciamento das explorações pecuárias, tendo sido analisados individualmente os seguintes programas: PISA – Programa Informático de Sanidade Animal; SNIRA – Sistema Nacional de Informação e Registo Animal;REAP – Regime de Exercício da Atividade Pecuária. Com esta análise foi possível detetar as virtudes e as limitações dos referidos programas e perceber até que ponto existe a capacidade de incorporação da informação, agora dispersa, num sistema integrado, mais eficaz, mais operacional e sobretudo mais facilitador do ponto de vista do utilizador/criador.ABSTRACT: To ensure a high level of protection of life and human health, it is necessary to ensure high standards relating to animal health. The emergence of a disease can quickly take on epizootic proportions, causing serious losses on the profitability of farms affected and can still pose a threat to public health. Thus, in order to avoid the emergence of new diseases and control the activities of farms, the need arose to establish programs/systems based on specific legislation, ensuring the traceability of animals that circulate within the space community, identifying and recording all information, in particular, small and large ruminants. So, there are currently several databases that enable register, organize and access information about the livestock, the keeper of the animals, the livestock, their locations and animal handling, and other aspects related to the various productive activities and health. This study is based on analysis of information poured into each program managers of databases, including those that contain information about the animal and licensing of livestock farms have been analyzed individually the following programs: PISA – Computer Program for Animal Health; SNIRA – National Information System and Registration Animal; REAP – Regime Exercise Activity Livestock. With this analysis it was possible to detect the strengths and limitations of the programs and realize how far is the ability to incorporate the information, now dispersed in an integrated system, more efficient, operational and more particularly from the standpoint of facilitating the user/breeder

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Esta nota técnica apresenta os problemas e propõe soluções técnicas para a implantação do processo de atualização dos dados cadastrais. A atualização dos dados cadastrais dos usuários da rede UNA-SUS é um processo desejável para a evolução da segurança, qualidade e a validade da informação administrada pela Secretaria Executiva do Sistema UNA-SUS (SE-UNA-SUS)

Dynapenia, abdominal obesity or both: which accelerates the gait speed decline most?

OBJECTIVE: to investigate whether the combination of dynapenia and abdominal obesity is worse than these two conditions separately regarding gait speed decline over time. METHODS: a longitudinal study was conducted involving 2,294 individuals aged 60 years or older free of mobility limitation at baseline (gait speed >0.8 m/s) who participated in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Dynapenia was determined as a grip strength 102 cm for men and >88 cm for women. The participants were divided into four groups: non-dynapenic/non-abdominal obese (ND/NAO); only abdominal obese (AO); only dynapenic (D) and dynapenic/abdominal obese (D/AO). Generalised linear mixed models were used to analyse gait speed decline (m/s) as a function of dynapenia and abdominal obesity status over an 8-year follow-up period. RESULTS: over time, only the D/AO individuals had a greater gait speed decline (-0.013 m/s per year, 95% CI: -0.024 to -0.002; P < 0.05) compared to ND/NAO individuals. Neither dynapenia nor abdominal obesity only was associated with gait speed decline. CONCLUSION: dynapenic abdominal obesity is associated with accelerated gait speed decline and is, therefore, an important modifiable condition that should be addressed in clinical practice through aerobic and strength training for the prevention of physical disability in older adults

Collisional event and thermal events of Proterozoic age recorded by monazite included in corundum from Itaguara (southern São Francisco Craton, Brazil)

Inclusões de cristais de monazite em corindo ocorrem no setor sul do Cratão São Francisco (Brasil) na região de Itaguara, no contacto entre rochas metaultramáficas e gnaisses envolvidos em tectónica colisional do evento Transamazónico paleoproterozóico. Diferentes domínios composicionais internos dos referidos cristais de monazite foram formados durante eventos térmicos regionais ocorridos ao longo do Paleoproterozóico. A datação destes domínios pelo método U-Th-Pb utilizando microssonda eletrónica revela sete idades distintas principais: 2126 ± 97 Ma, 1750 ± 78 Ma, 1495 ± 40 Ma, 1415 ± 41 Ma, 1200 ± 70 Ma, 1071 ± 26 Ma e 932 ± 77 Ma. A idade mais antiga é interpretada como a idade de cristalização da monazite e, em consequência, do próprio corindo gerado durante a referida tectónica colisional regional. As outras seis idades coincidem com as idades de diversos eventos térmicos regionais descritos na literatura, os quais estão geralmente relacionados à atividade de plumas mantélicas.Inclusions of monazite crystals in corundum occur, in the southern sector of São Francisco Craton (Brasil), in the region of Itaguara, in the contact between gneisses and metaultramafic rocks involved in the collisional tectonics of the Paleoproterozoic Transamazonian event. Different internal compositional domains of these monazite crystals were generated during regional thermal events along the Paleoproterozoic. UTh-Pb geochronological method using electron microprobe reveals seven major distinct ages for these domains: 2126 ± 97 Ma, 1750 ± 78 Ma, 1495 ± 40 Ma, 1415 ± 41 Ma, 1200 ± 70 Ma, 1071 ± 26 Ma and 932 ± 77 Ma. The oldest age is interpreted as the monazite crystallization age and, consequently, of the corundum itself, which has been formed during the mentioned regional collisional tectonics. The other six ages coincide with the ages of several regional thermal events described in the literature, which are generally related to the activity of mantle plumes.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Association of radio polar cap brightening with bright patches and coronal holes

Radio-bright regions near the solar poles are frequently observed in Nobeyama Radioheliograph (NoRH) maps at 17 GHz, and often in association with coronal holes. However, the origin of these polar brightening has not been established yet. We propose that small magnetic loops are the source of these bright patches, and present modeling results that reproduce the main observational characteristics of the polar brightening within coronal holes at 17 GHz. The simulations were carried out by calculating the radio emission of the small loops, with several temperature and density profiles, within a 2D coronal hole atmospheric model. If located at high latitudes, the size of the simulated bright patches are much smaller than the beam size and they present the instrument beam size when observed. The larger bright patches can be generated by a great number of small magnetic loops unresolved by the NoRH beam. Loop models that reproduce bright patches contain denser and hotter plasma near the upper chromosphere and lower corona. On the other hand, loops with increased plasma density and temperature only in the corona do not contribute to the emission at 17 GHz. This could explain the absence of a one-to-one association between the 17 GHz bright patches and those observed in extreme ultraviolet. Moreover, the emission arising from small magnetic loops located close to the limb may merge with the usual limb brightening profile, increasing its brightness temperature and width.Comment: 8 pages, 6 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journa

Association of Serum 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Deficiency with Risk of Incidence of Disability in Basic Activities of Daily Living in Adults >50 Years of Age.

BACKGROUND: Vitamin D deficiency compromises muscle function and is related to the etiology of several clinical conditions that can contribute to the development of disability. However, there are few epidemiological studies investigating the association between vitamin D deficiency and the incidence of disability. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess whether vitamin D deficiency is associated with the incidence of disability in basic activities of daily living (BADL) and to verify whether there are sex differences in this association. METHODS: A 4-y follow-up study was conducted involving individuals aged 50 y or older who participated in ELSA (English Longitudinal Study of Ageing). The sample consisted of 4814 participants free of disability at baseline according to the modified Katz Index. Vitamin D was assessed by serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations and the participants were classified as sufficient (>50 nmol/L), insufficient (>30 to ≤50 nmol/L), or deficient (≤30 nmol/L). Sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics were also investigated. BADL were re-evaluated after 2 and 4 y of follow-up. The report of any difficulty to perform ≥1 BADL was considered as an incident case of disability. Poisson models stratified by sex and controlled for sociodemographic, behavioral, and clinical characteristics were carried out. RESULTS: After 4-y follow-up, deficient serum 25(OH)D was a risk factor for the incidence of BADL disability in both women (IRR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.16, 2.03) and men (IRR: 1.44; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.02). However, insufficient serum 25(OH)D was not a risk factor for the incidence of BADL disability in either men or women. CONCLUSIONS: Independently of sex, deficient serum 25(OH)D concentrations were associated with increased risk of incidence of BADL disability in adults >50 y old and should be an additional target of clinical strategies to prevent disability in these populations

Gender differences in the association between adverse events in childhood or adolescence and the risk of premature mortality

To examine, by gender, the relationship between adverse events in childhood or adolescence and the increased risk of early mortality (before 80 years). The study sample included 941 participants of the English Longitudinal Study of Aging who died between 2007 and 2018. Data on socioeconomic status, infectious diseases, and parental stress in childhood or adolescence were collected at baseline (2006). Logistic regression models were adjusted by socioeconomic, behavioral and clinical variables. Having lived with only one parent (OR 3.79; p = 0.01), overprotection from the father (OR 1.12; p = 0.04) and having had an infectious disease in childhood or adolescence (OR 2.05; p = 0.01) were risk factors for mortality before the age of 80 in men. In women, overprotection from the father (OR 1.22; p < 0.01) was the only risk factor for mortality before the age of 80, whereas a low occupation of the head of the family (OR 0.58; p = 0.04) and greater care from the mother in childhood or adolescence (OR 0.86; p = 0.03) were protective factors. Independently of one’s current characteristics, having worse socioeconomic status and health in childhood or adolescence increased the risk of early mortality in men. Parental overprotection increased the risk of early mortality in both sexes, whereas maternal care favored longevity in women

Associação entre características de desempenho de tilápia-do-nilo ao longo do período de cultivo.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi estimar as herdabilidades e a estrutura de correlações genéticas entre as características de desempenho de tilápia-do-nilo (Oreochromis niloticus) da linhagem GIFT, em diferentes estágios do ciclo de produção. As tilápias foram cultivadas em tanques - rede. Mediu-se ganho em peso diário total, peso vivo e ganho em peso diário, em quatro períodos, com intervalos de aproximadamente 30 dias. Foram realizadas análises unicaracter para as medidas, em todas as biometrias e, nas análises bicaracter, as medidas de mesma característica foram combinadas duas a duas e com o ganho em peso diário total. As estimações de herdabilidade variaram de 0,15 a 0,11 para peso vivo, 0,16 a 0,09 para ganho em peso diário e 0,17 a 0,12 para ganho em peso diário total, nas análises unicaracter. Os valores estimados de correlação genética para peso vivo e ganho em peso diário, associados ao ganho em peso diário total, variaram entre 0,37 a 0,98 e 0,74 a 0,8 respectivamente. A forte associação genética estimada entre peso vivo em biometrias intermediárias e ganho em peso diário total sugere que a seleção para velocidade de crescimento pode ser realizada de forma precoce