Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris TIFN8 Genome sequencing and assembly

Leuconostoc mesenteroides subsp. cremoris isolated from a natural starter culture used in cheese manufacturing

Lactococcus cremoris subsp. cremoris TIFN7 Genome sequencing and assembly

Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris isolated from a natural starter culture used in cheese manufacturing

Lactococcus cremoris subsp. cremoris TIFN3 Genome sequencing and assembly

Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris isolated from a natural starter culture used in cheese manufacturing

Exploring the genomic traits of fungus-feeding bacterial genus Collimonas

Background Collimonas is a genus belonging to the class of Betaproteobacteria and consists mostly of soil bacteria with the ability to exploit living fungi as food source (mycophagy). Collimonas strains differ in a range of activities, including swimming motility, quorum sensing, extracellular protease activity, siderophore production, and antimicrobial activities. Results In order to reveal ecological traits possibly related to Collimonas lifestyle and secondary metabolites production, we performed a comparative genomics analysis based on whole-genome sequencing of six strains representing 3 recognized species. The analysis revealed that the core genome represents 43.1 to 52.7 % of the genomes of the six individual strains. These include genes coding for extracellular enzymes (chitinase, peptidase, phospholipase), iron acquisition and type II secretion systems. In the variable genome, differences were found in genes coding for secondary metabolites (e.g. tripropeptin A and volatile terpenes), several unknown orphan polyketide synthase-nonribosomal peptide synthetase (PKS-NRPS), nonribosomal peptide synthetase (NRPS) gene clusters, a new lipopeptide and type III and type VI secretion systems. Potential roles of the latter genes in the interaction with other organisms were investigated. Mutation of a gene involved in tripropeptin A biosynthesis strongly reduced the antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, while disruption of a gene involved in the biosynthesis of the new lipopeptide had a large effect on the antifungal/oomycetal activities. Conclusions Overall our results indicated that Collimonas genomes harbour many genes encoding for novel enzymes and secondary metabolites (including terpenes) important for interactions with other organisms and revealed genomic plasticity, which reflect the behaviour, antimicrobial activity and lifestylesof Collimonas spp

Lactococcus cremoris subsp. cremoris TIFN6 Genome sequencing and assembly

Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris isolated from a natural starter culture used in cheese manufacturing

Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis bv. diacetylactis str. TIFN2 Genome sequencing and assembly

Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar. diactylactis isolated from a natural starter culture used in cheese manufacturing

The molecular signature of oxidative metabolism and the mode of macrophage activation determine the shift from acute to chronic disease in experimental arthritis: critical role of interleukin-12p40.

Contains fulltext : 70716.pdf (publisher's version ) (Closed access)OBJECTIVE: Repeated injection of streptococcal cell wall (SCW) fragments results in chronic arthritis in mice. The objective of this study was to identify genes and pathways that determine disease progression based on gene expression profiling in this model. METHODS: Chronic arthritis was induced in mice by 4 injections of SCW fragments. RNA samples were isolated from synovial tissue obtained at various time points and were analyzed using mouse genome array and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction techniques. The functional role of potential key genes was evaluated in mice with specific gene deletions. RESULTS: Gene expression analyses revealed a shift in molecular signature. In contrast to an up-regulation of the inflammatory response pathway, the pathways involved in oxidative metabolism were significantly down-regulated during the chronic phase of arthritis. Since oxidative metabolism determines the mode of macrophage activation, we investigated phenotype switching in macrophages. Markers of alternatively activated macrophages, such as arginase 1, were at maximal levels during acute inflammation. In contrast, induction of markers of classically activated macrophages (M1), such as interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), was relatively low during the acute phase of disease, but highly increased toward the chronic phase. M1 polarization during the chronic phase was accompanied by a Th1 signature, characterized by IL-12p40, IL-12p35, and interferon-gamma. However, the absence of IL-12p40, but not IL-12p35, significantly inhibited the chronic phase of arthritis and was marked by a reduction in IL-17 and iNOS levels, as well as restored expression of oxidative metabolism genes. CONCLUSION: M1 polarization accompanied by a decline in oxidative metabolism determine the chronic phase of arthritis. IL-12p40, most likely acting through the IL-23/IL-17 axis, plays a critical role in this process

Lactococcus cremoris subsp. cremoris TIFN1 Genome sequencing and assembly

Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris isolated from a natural starter culture used in cheese manufacturing

Lactococcus cremoris subsp. cremoris TIFN5 Genome sequencing and assembly

Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris isolated from a natural starter culture used in cheese manufacturing

Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis bv. diacetylactis str. TIFN4 Genome sequencing and assembly

Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis biovar. diactylactis isolated from a natural starter culture used in cheese manufacturing