Prominent autistic traits and subthreshold bipolar/mixed features of depression in severe anorexia nervosa

Autistic traits are associated with a burdensome clinical presentation of anorexia nervosa (AN), as is AN with concurrent depression. The aim of the present study was to explore the intertwined association between complex psychopathology combining autistic traits, subthreshold bipolarity, and mixed depression among people with AN

Future research directions in the machining of Inconel 718

Inconel 718 is the most popular nickel-based superalloy, extensively used in aerospace, automotive and energy industries owing to its extraordinary thermomechanical properties. It is also notoriously a difficult-to-cut material, due to its short tool life and low productivity in machining operations. Despite significant progress in cutting tool technologies, the machining of Inconel 718 is still considered a grand challenge.This paper provides a comprehensive review of recent advances in machining Inconel 718. The progress in cutting tools’ materials, coatings, geometries and surface texturing for machining Inconel 718 is reviewed. The investigation is focused on the most adopted tool materials for machining of Inconel 718, namely Cubic Boron Nitrides (CBNs), ceramics and coated carbides. The thermal conductivity of cutting tool materials has been identified as a major parameter of interest. Process control, based on sensor data for monitoring the machining of Inconel 718 alloy and detecting surface anomalies and tool wear are reviewed and discussed. This has been identified as the major step towards realising real-time control for machining safety critical Inconel 718 components. Recent advances in various processes, e.g. turning, milling and drilling for machining Inconel 718 are investigated and discussed. Recent studies related to machining additively manufactured Inconel 718 are also discussed and compared with the wrought alloy. Finally, the state of current research is established, and future research directions proposed.<br/

Correction: A Guideline and Checklist for Initiating and Managing Clozapine Treatment in Patients with Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia

This article was published online on June 27, 2022. An error was subsequently identified in the article, and the following correction should be noted: In the original publication, section 4.6, page 667, the reference cited in the first full sentence in column 2 and in Table 5 on the same page that read: “This information can be used to optimize clozapine dosage (Table 5) [103].” “Table 5 Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM)-informed decision-making algorithm for clozapine-treated patientsa [103]” “Adapted by permission from reference [103]” Should read: “This information can be used to optimize clozapine dosage (Table 5) [104].” “Table 5 Therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM)-informed decision-making algorithm for clozapine-treated patientsa [104]” “Adapted by permission from reference [104]” The original article has been corrected. © The Author(s) 2022

A Guideline and Checklist for Initiating and Managing Clozapine Treatment in Patients with Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia

Treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) will affect about one in three patients with schizophrenia. Clozapine is the only treatment approved for TRS, and patients should be treated as soon as possible to improve their chances of achieving remission. Despite its effectiveness, concern over side effects, monitoring requirements, and inexperience with prescribing often result in long delays that can expose patients to unnecessary risks and compromise their chances of achieving favorable long-term outcomes. We critically reviewed the literature on clozapine use in TRS, focusing on guidelines, systematic reviews, and algorithms to identify strategies for improving clozapine safety and tolerability. Based on this, we have provided an overview of strategies to support early initiation of clozapine in patients with TRS based on the latest evidence and our clinical experience, and have summarized the key elements in a practical, evidence-based checklist for identifying and managing patients with TRS, with the aim of increasing confidence in prescribing and monitoring clozapine therapy

Defining clinical characteristics of emotion dysregulation in bipolar disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Emotion dysregulation (ED) is characterized by rigid and frequent use of maladaptive emotion regulation (ER) strategies. Conceptualized as a transdiagnostic feature, ED may occur in both clinical and non-clinical populations, including people diagnosed with bipolar disorder (BD) and their first-degree relatives (FDRs), though expected to manifest with differential clinical features. To this end, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature comparing people with BD to healthy controls (HCs) or FDRs, from inception up to November 25, 2021, across major databases. Random-effects meta-analyses considered twenty-eight studies assessing ER/ED with a validated scale. Patients with BD differed from HCs in adopting more maladaptive ER strategies, such as rumination, risk-taking behaviors, negative focus, and less adaptive ones. Unaffected FDRs differed from people with BD, yet to a lower extent, suggesting that ED may span a continuum. ED in BD should be widely explored to better understand its course and management, with specific interventions aimed at reducing its burden on both high-risk and full-threshold populations