The Learning Model Based in Piaget, Vygotsky and Freire: a proposal to overcome the reading difficulties of 5th grade students on schools on the Brazilian

It is a worrying factor the results presented in the process of reading the 5th-grade students of the Brazilian schools. Many students indicate weaknesses in reading skills. Thus, it becomes important to resort to the theories of learning presented by the authors: Jean Piaget (1896-1980), Lev Vygotsky (1896-1934) and Paulo Freire (1921-1997), in an attempt to understand mechanisms of teacher practice that make possible the construction of the student\u27s cognitive process and reading abilities. Finally, we propose the creation of a learning model based on the three theories presented

Production fields and physiological quality of Panicum maximum jacq. cv. mombasa seeds

The physiological quality of seeds is influenced by the climatic factors of production fields. The identification of the best conditions of P. maximum cv. Mombasa production fields allows the improvement of the seed sector. The aim of this work was to identify which climatic conditions of production fields can affect the physiological quality of P. maximum cv. Mombasa seeds. Nineteen plots from states of São Paulo (six from municipalities of Auriflama and three from Guzolândia) and Goiás (eight from Quirinópolis and two from Serranópolis), were collected by soil sweeping. The following parameters were evaluated: water content, germination rate, first germination count and germination rate index, seedling emergence in sand and field. Completely randomized design was used for all variables, with the exception of seedling emergence in field, since this variable required block design. Means were compared by the Scott-Knott test, at 5% probability. For the identification of the influence of climatic conditions on the physiological quality of seeds, multivariate statistical analysis was applied through Group and Principal Component Analysis. Production fields of Panicum maximum cv. Mombasa seeds presenting maximum temperatures above 32 ºC at flowering and natural fall stages produce seeds of low physiological quality. Production fields in which precipitation and high temperatures occur during natural fall and harvest of P. maximum cv. Mombasa seeds are not favorable to the production of seeds with high physiological quality

Seed conditioning process in the sanitary quality of marandu grass seeds

The purpose of seed conditioning process is to separate seeds and their associated structures into different fractions and retain only good and healthy seeds. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects the stages of seed conditioning have on the sanitary quality of marandu grass seeds. The seeds were sampled before and during the seed conditioning process, i.e., after exiting the air-screen cleaner and sieves (seeds discharged from the top, middle and bottom sieves), the first gravity separator (seeds drifting around the table, upper and intermediate discharge) and second gravity separator (upper, intermediate and lower discharge). The sanitary analysis was performed using the filter paper method with and without surface disinfestation of the seeds, which were incubated at 20±2°C, with a photoperiod of 12 hours for seven days. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design, in a 2x6 factorial scheme (surface disinfestation x stages of the seed conditioning process) and ten replications. The data was submitted to analysis of variance, using the F test and, when significant, the means of the treatments were compared using the Tukey test at 5% probability. It was concluded that it is not possible to improve the sanitary quality of marandú grass seeds through the seed conditioning process

EPIDEMIOLOGICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF PORCINE TOXOPLASMOSIS IN THE “ALTO SERTÃO” REGION OF SERGIPE, NORTHEASTERN BRAZIL

Toxoplasma gondii is the etiological agent of toxoplasmosis.Serological studies have demonstrated the parasite occurrence in swine from different regions; however there are no studies that can demonstrate epidemiological status of porcine toxoplasmosis in the Brazilian state of Sergipe. The study purposes were to verify the anti-Toxoplasma gondii antibodies presence and identify risk factors associated with infection in pigs. An amount of 230 blood samples of pigs over four months of age from 45 farms were collected and analyzed by indirect immunofluorescence antibody assay. An epidemiological questionnaire was applied on the properties of origin of the animals to identify risk factors associated with theinfection. A seroprevalence of 8.3% with the titre ranging from 64 (15/230) to 1024 (02/230) was found. Animals from the municipalities of Poço Redondo and Canindé de São Francisco showed the highest prevalences, 18.52% (5/27) and 12.90% (4/31), respectively. The seroprevalence found was considered low when compared to previous studies performed in Brazil, particularly in the northeast region. The age of slaughtered animals should be considered and positive association between the variables age and T. gondii infection was found. Most of swine sampled (194/230) were up to six months which may also influence in the seroprevalence. A low anti-T.gondii seroprevalence was observed in the present study, however it is concluded that T. gondii infection is present in pigs population. The knowledge about its frequency contributes to the establishment of strategies for disease control by appliance of prevention measures in livestock production

INFLUÊNCIA DO PÓ DE PEDRA E BORRACHA DE PNEU INSERVÍVEL COMO AGREGADOS NO CONCRETO

A indústria da construção civil é uma das principais consumidoras de recursos naturais, gerando enormes impactos ambientais. Tal verdade tem motivado diversos estudos sobre produzir determinado produto de forma sustentável, como é o caso do concreto, por exemplo, em substituir os agregados. Com isso, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo estudar as respostas do concreto, em concordância com a utilização dos rejeitos do pó de pedra em substituição ao agregado miúdo e a borracha de pneu inservível em substituição ao agregado graúdo. Realizou-se um programa experimental a partir da caracterização dos materiais, produção de corpos de prova e verificação do concreto no seu estado fresco e endurecido. Após a elaboração de um traço referência que atingisse uma resistência à compressão superior a 25 MPa aos 28 dias, sucedeu-se a substituição dos agregados tradicionais para o de uso alternativos em proporções de 10%, 15%, 20%, 30%, 40% e 50%. Por fim, comprovou-se que o pó de pedra e a borracha de pneu inservível pode ser substituído em até 15% aos agregados tradicionais para concretos de fins estruturais

Essential Oil of Ocimum basilicum

The racemate linalool and its levogyrus enantiomer [(−)-LIN] are present in many essential oils and possess several pharmacological activities, such as antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory. In this work, the effects of essential oil obtained from the cultivation of the Ocimum basilicum L. (EOOb) derived from Germplasm Bank rich in (−)-LIN content in the excitability of peripheral nervous system were studied. We used rat sciatic nerve to investigate the EOOb and (−)-LIN effects on neuron excitability and the extracellular recording technique was used to register the compound action potential (CAP). EOOb and (−)-LIN blocked the CAP in a concentration-dependent way and these effects were reversible after washout. EOOb blocked positive amplitude of 1st and 2nd CAP components with IC50 of 0.38±0.2 and 0.17±0.0 mg/mL, respectively. For (−)-LIN, these values were 0.23±0.0 and 0.13±0.0 mg/mL. Both components reduced the conduction velocity of CAP and the 2nd component seems to be more affected than the 1st component. In conclusion EOOb and (−)-LIN inhibited the excitability of peripheral nervous system in a similar way and potency, revealing that the effects of EOOb on excitability are due to the presence of (−)-LIN in the essential oil

DETERMINAÇÃO DA TEMPERATURA DA SUPERFÍCIE NA ÁREA DO PROJETO DE ASSENTAMENTO DIRIGIDO EM SANTA LUZIA, CRUZEIRO DO SUL, AC, BRASIL

Este trabalho avaliou o comportamento da floresta e demais classes espectrais do Projeto de Assentamento Dirigido Santa Luzia, utilizando os recursos do Geoprocessamento e Sensoriamento Remoto. O período avaliado estende-se entre o ano de 2005 a2010, e procurouavaliar o comportamento da evolução espacial de áreas como a floresta, pastagens e áreas utilizadas para agricultura, assim como demais benfeitorias realizadasno perímetro do assentamento. Neste sentido, os objetivos gerais deste trabalho foram: caracterizar a contração ou a expansão de classes de floresta, pastagens, regeneração da floresta e áreas alagadas, no PAD Santa Luzia, AC. Os resultados encontrados mostraram um significativo aumento do índice de regeneração da floresta e conversão de áreas de pastagens e cultivos em capoeira, considerando que esta tipologia florestal é essencial para o processo de transição de áreas desflorestadas em sua reestruturaçãoà condição de floresta novamente. São ainda apresentados dados que demonstraram a elevação dos valores referentes a corpos d’água, embora as imagens tenham sido adquiridas em períodos de estiagem (período seco amazônico) na região. Os dados obtidos pelo algoritmo de Mahalanobis, evidenciaram um significativo aumento destes recursos na superfície estudada. Os dados apresentaram o comportamento de leve decréscimo para a floresta durante o período avaliado

DETERMINAÇÃO DA TEMPERATURA DA SUPERFÍCIE NA ÁREA DO PROJETO DE ASSENTAMENTO DIRIGIDO EM SANTA LUZIA, CRUZEIRO DO SUL, AC, BRASIL

Este trabalho avaliou o comportamento da floresta e demais classes espectrais do Projeto de Assentamento Dirigido Santa Luzia, utilizando os recursos do Geoprocessamento e Sensoriamento Remoto. O período avaliado estende-se entre o ano de 2005 a2010, e procurouavaliar o comportamento da evolução espacial de áreas como a floresta, pastagens e áreas utilizadas para agricultura, assim como demais benfeitorias realizadasno perímetro do assentamento. Neste sentido, os objetivos gerais deste trabalho foram: caracterizar a contração ou a expansão de classes de floresta, pastagens, regeneração da floresta e áreas alagadas, no PAD Santa Luzia, AC. Os resultados encontrados mostraram um significativo aumento do índice de regeneração da floresta e conversão de áreas de pastagens e cultivos em capoeira, considerando que esta tipologia florestal é essencial para o processo de transição de áreas desflorestadas em sua reestruturaçãoà condição de floresta novamente. São ainda apresentados dados que demonstraram a elevação dos valores referentes a corpos d’água, embora as imagens tenham sido adquiridas em períodos de estiagem (período seco amazônico) na região. Os dados obtidos pelo algoritmo de Mahalanobis, evidenciaram um significativo aumento destes recursos na superfície estudada. Os dados apresentaram o comportamento de leve decréscimo para a floresta durante o período avaliado