Molekulinė genetika ir miško medžių genetinė modifikacija : modulio mokomoji medžiaga. D. 1; veiklos kodas MF-3

Aut. nurodyti skaidrių apačiojeBibliogr. sk. galeVilniaus universitetasVytauto Didžiojo universitetasŽemės ūkio akademij

Nitrogen as a key nutrient among populations of Phalaris arundinacea

Currently bigger attention started to be paid to the quality of inland waters, which receive substantial nutrient inputs such as nitrogen (N). Although data regarding riparian species response to pollution by nutrients are very poor in Lithuania. Among water macrophytes of our country, reed canary grass (Phalaris arundinacea L.) is a common and frequently occurring species. Due to huge biomass much attention is paid to this plant for its use as biofuel, for bioremediation, for forage or ornamental purposes. We investigated leaf N concentration differences and compared it among populations of P. arundinacea growing in different sites of Lithuanian rivers. Our study involved over 60 populations, sampled on Nemunas, Venta, Lielupė and coastal river catchments of Lithuania. Nitrogen concentrations were determined using Kjeldahl method and expressed as percentage of dry mass (d. m.) of the leaf tissue. Mean leaf N concentration for all populations of P. arundinacea was 3.50 % d. m. The lowest N concentration (3.03 % d. m.) was documented in population sampled on the bank of the river Merkys, while the highest (3.69 % d. m.) was observed in population near the Neris river, the most contrasting ones differed by 1.32 times (p < 0.05). Leaf N concentrations of P. arundinacea were compared to the same parameter of some other riparian plant species: in respect to N concentrations, P. arundinacea was of intermediate position: higher than Lythrum salicaria or Stuckenia pectinata, although lower compared to Bidens frondosa. Phragmites australis, Nuphar lutea or Echinocystis lobata.[...]Biologijos katedraVilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetasVilniaus universitetasVytauto Didžiojo universiteta

Some peculiarities of Lythrum salicaria nutrition

Nowadays much attention is paid to the quality of wetlands and waters. Environmental data on pollutants are not sufficient to understand the direct effects of negative compounds on aquatic flora. There is also the question of human impact on the environment. Land use is facing a major pollution load, in particular due to the use of fertilizers in agriculture, which falls in inland waters. Nitrogen (N) is the main mineral nutrient needed for plants and it plays an essential role in the plant life cycle. The nutrient evaluation could help to understand the affection level for environment. Lythrum salicaria is riparian plant species, naturally occurring the riverbanks in Europe but is invasive in the United States of Amerika and Canada. This plant used for medical purposes, has many secondary metabolites and is important as indicator of soil salinity. There are genetical evaluations of this plant, but there is a lack of information about ecophysiological parameters, especially in the Baltic countries. Our task was to evaluate leaf N concentration differences and compared it among populations of L. salicaria growing in different sites of Lithuanian rivers. Our study involved 29 populations of selected plant species, sampled on the Nemunas river and seafront catchments. Three independent batches of healthy leaves were dried, turned to the powder and analyzed by Kjeldahl method. Nitrogen concentrations were expressed as percentage of dry mass (d.m.).[...]Biologijos katedraGamtos mokslų fakultetasVilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetasVilniaus universitetasVytauto Didžiojo universiteta

Possible causes of high concentration nitrogen among riparian plant species

https://bioleagues.com/conference/gogreensummit/about.phpNitrogen deposition data together with inland water parameters provide message that nitrogen load is big enough to cause marked changes of vegetation in Baltic States. There is much concern about eutrophication of the rivers, although information about riparian plant species is still poor. Various macrophyte strategies (abundance, architecture) might be developed. Plant productivity firstly depends on processes ongoing in the leaves. Data about plant leaf saturation with nitrogen remains poor. Usually studies refer on Ellenberg indicatory values or other indirect parametrs. Present study aimed at comparison of nitrogen concentration among populations of riparian plant species of Lithuania (project sponsored by Lithuania Research Cuncil; SIT-02/2015). Around 250 populations were sampled along main river basins in Lithuania: Nemunas, Venta, Lielupė, Seafront. Median values (N % d. m.) of nitrogen concentration for the species were as followed: Echinocystis lobata - 4,2; Nuphar lutea (L.) Sm. - 4,1; Phragmites australis - 4,0; Phalaris arundinacea - 3.6; Bidens frondosa - 3.6; Stuckenia pectinata - 3.1; Lythrum salicaria - 3,0. Species nitrogen data was related to land cover types of neighbouring areas, empoying 2-level hierarchcial Corine classification system. Among the tested plants the highest concentration was detected for invasive in Lithuania species Echinocystis lobata., at the same time, among the tested populations the highest concentrations of nitrogen were characteristic for populations growing near Curonian Spit. The highest amounts of nitrogen were determined for the most spread riparian species of Lithuania. It could be concluded that present level of nitrogen amounts, entering riparian ecosystems is big enough to cause spread of nitrophilous speciesBiologijos katedraGamtos mokslų fakultetasGamtos tyrimų centrasVilniaus universitetasVytauto Didžiojo universiteta

Is nitrogen in excess among plant species of Nemunas and other Lithuanian river basins

Project sponsored by Lithuania Research Council; SIT-02/2015Nitrogen deposition data together with inland water parameters provide indirect message that nitrogen load might have effects on vegetation of Baltic States. There is much concern about eutrophication of the rivers, although information about riparian plant species, their physiology and genetic parameters is still poor. Reacting to elevated nitrogen in the environment, various macrophyte strategies (abundance-, architecture-related) might be developed. Plant productivity finally depends on processes ongoing in the leaves. Data about plant leaf saturation with nitrogen remains poor. Usually studies refer on Ellenberg indicatory values or other indirect parametrs. Present study is aimed at comparison of nitrogen concentration among populations of some riparian and river plant species of Lithuania (project sponsored by Lithuania Research Council; SIT-02/2015). Around 250 populations of riparian and water macrophytes were sampled along main river basins in Lithuania: Nemunas, Venta, Lielupė, Seafront. Very high levels of nitrogen were determined for the most spread riparian plants of Lithuania. Among the tested species the highest concentration was characteristic for Echinocystis lobata. Comparing populations within each species, in most cases the highest concentrations of nitrogen were documented for sites neighbouring Curonian Spit. Relations between population nitrogen data and genetic diversity also some environmental factos such as river regulation is discussed. Species nitrogen concentrations were related to land cover types of neighbouring areas, empoying 2-level hierarchcial Corine classification system. Based on plant nitrogen concentrations it could be assumed that present quantities of this element, entering riparian ecosystems are big enough to cause the spread of native and invasive nitrophilous speciesBiologijos katedraGamtos mokslų fakultetasGamtos tyrimų centrasVilniaus universitetasVytauto Didžiojo universiteta

Vandens augalų rūšių azoto koncentracijų sąsajos su žemės dangos tipu ir kitais aplinkos veiksniais

Baltijos šalių azoto (N) iškritų duomenys kartu su sausumos vandenų rodikliais rodo, kad azoto apkrova gali lemti augmenijos pokyčius. Nors upių eutrofikacija yra plačiai analizuojama, vis dar trūksta informacijos apie pakrantės augalų rūšių fiziologinius rodiklius. Tyrimo tikslas – palyginti Lietuvos vandens pakrančių augalų rūšių populiacijų lapų azoto koncentracijų duomenis, juos susiejant su tyrimo vietoms pagal gretimų žemių dangos tipu ir naudojimo paskirtimi, taikant aplinkos informacijos koordinuotos sistemą (CORINE), upių būkle bei dydžiu, žemės ūkio intensyvumu 1991–1996 metais ir upių vagų keitimu. Tyrimo medžiagą surinkus per 2015 m. rugpjūčio mėn. pirmąjį dešimtadienį iš pagrindinių Lietuvos upių 241 vietos, buvo įvertintos plačiai paplitusių penkių pakrančių ir dviejų vandens augalų (natūralių ir invazinių) azoto koncentracijos. Analizėms naudoti augalų lapai, kurių azoto koncentracijos buvo nustatytos Kjeldalio metodu. Didžiausi (1,7 karto, p < 0,05) lapų azoto koncentracijos skirtumai tarp populiacijų nustatyti Lythrum salicaria. Pagal populiacijų lapų azoto koncentracijų (N % sausos masės, SM) vidutines vertes, tirtų rūšių augalai išdėstė taip: Lythrum salicaria (3,0) < Stuckenia pectinata (3,1) < Phalaris arundinacea (3,5) < Bidens frondosa (3,8) < Phragmites australis (4,0) < Nuphar lutea (4,1) < Echinocystis lobata (4,2). Iš esmės didesnės (p < 0,05) lapų azoto koncentracijos buvo nustatytos Lythrum salicaria populiacijų, augančių šalia mažų upių (3,4 % N SM) nei augančių šalia didelių upių (2,8 % N SM). Skirtingomis savybėmis pasižyminčiose upių vietose rinkti vandens augalai reikšmingai nesiskyrė pagal lapų azoto koncentracijas. [...]Nitrogen (N) deposition data, together with inland water parameters, provide evidence that N load may affect the vegetation of Baltic States. There is much concern about eutrophication of the rivers, although information about physiological parameters of riparian plant species is still poor. The present study is aimed at comparison of leaf N concentration among populations of aquatic plant species of Lithuania, relating N concentration data to the type of land cover (classification system of COoRdinate Information on the Environment, CORINE) in the neighbouring areas, river state and size, intensity of agriculture in 1991–1996, and natural vice versa regulated fragments of the riverbed. The leaf N concentrations of widely spread native and invasive species (5 riparian and 2 water plants) were estimated for 241 sites (collection time 1st ten-day period of August, 2015) of the main river catchments of Lithuania. Only leaf blades were used for analyses and N concentrations were determined by the Kjeldahl method. The biggest (1.7 times) variation (p < 0.05) in leaf N concentration among populations was documented for Lythrum salicaria. According to the mean values (N % of dry mass, DM) of the leaf N concentration, species could be arranged into following order: Lythrum salicaria (3.0) < Stuckenia pectinata (3.1) < Phalaris arundinacea(3.5) < Bidens frondosa (3.8) < Phragmites australis (4.0) < Nuphar lutea (4.1) < Echinocystis lobata (4.2). Significantly higher (p < 0.05) concentrations of leaf N were found for L. salicaria populations growing near the small rivers (3.4% N DM) compared to the large ones (2.8% N DM). Other selected river and its environment parameters in most cases did not have significant effect on leaf N concentrations of aquatic plants of Lithuania. [...]Aplinkos tyrimų centrasBiologijos katedraGamtos mokslų fakultetasGamtos tyrimų centrasMatematikos ir statistikos katedraVilniaus Gedimino technikos universitetasVilniaus universitetasVytauto Didžiojo universiteta