Гуморальный иммунитет к новой коронавирсной инфекции и уровень витамина D у медицинских работников

Aim: to assess the dynamic changes of humoral immune responses against the S-protein of SARS-CoV-2 and vitamin D level in healthcare workers providing care to COVID-19 patients.Methods. Repeated cross-sectional studies were conducted with an interval of 6 months (May-December 2021) including 170 healthcare workers of infectious settings. An enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used for the quantitative detection of immunoglobulins G to SARS-CoV-2 and the vitamin D level in the blood serum.Results. In 1.5 years after the start of the pandemic, 91.2% healthcare workers were seropositive to SARS-Co-V-2. In December 2021, this proportion became 98.8%, and the percentage of individuals with high antibodies level (>150 BAU / ml) raised from 49.4% to 77%. Increase in antibodies level induced by vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 was significantly higher in those who have had prior COVID-19 (1031 BAU/мл) compared to those previously vaccinated (367 BAU/ml). The vitamin D level was lower than reference values in 71.2% of health workers and did not correlate with the concentration of antibodies to SARS-Co-V-2.Conclusion. SARS-Co-V-2 seroprevalence among healthcare workers reached almost 100% by the end of the second year of the pandemic. A greater increase in antibodies level after vaccination was observed in healthcare workers previously infected with SARS-Co-V-2 due to formation of hybrid immunity. We did not reveal the association between the vitamin D level and the humoral immune response to SARS-Co-V-2.Цель: оценить динамику гуморального иммунного ответа к S-белку SARS-CoV-2 и уровня витамина D у медицинских работников, оказывающих помощь пациентам с COVID-19.Материалы и методы. Проведены повторные поперечные исследования с интервалом 6 месяцев (май – декабрь 2021 г.) с участием 170 медицинских работников инфекционных стационаров. Количественное определение уровня иммуноглобулинов G к SARS-CoV-2 и концентрации витамина D в сыворотке крови проводилось с использованием иммуноферментного анализа.Результаты. Через 1,5 года от начала пандемии 91,2% медицинских работников были серопозитивны к SARS-Co-V-2. К декабрю 2021 г. этот показатель составил 98,8%, а доля лиц с высоким уровнем антител (>150 BAU/мл) увеличилась от 49,4% до 77%. Вакцинация против SARS-Co-V-2 приводила к более выраженному нарастанию титра антител (1031 BAU/мл) у переболевших COVID-19 в сравнении с ранее привитыми (367 BAU/мл). Уровень витамина D был ниже нормы у 71,2% медицинских работников и не коррелировал с концентрацией антител к SARS-Co-V-2.Заключение. Серопревалентность SARS-Co-V-2 среди медицинских работников достигла практически стопроцентного уровня к концу второго года пандемии. Больший прирост антител после вакцинации наблюдался при формировании гибридного иммунитета у переболевших COVID-19. Мы не выявили взаимосвязи между уровнем витамина D и выраженностью гуморального иммунного ответа к SARS-Co-V-2

METHODS FOR THE ASSESSMENT OF BODY MASS INDEX IN CHILDREN AND ADULTS IN AUTOMATIC SYSTEM OF OBESITY AND OVERWEIGHT PREVENTION

Aim. To invent the method of body mass index (BMI) trend evaluation for children and adults for automatic system of overweight and obesity prevention. Material and methods. Into the analysis we included anthropometric data from four population-based studies, differing by the duration of observation period and age diapason. Data processing and statistical analysis were done with multidimensional regression analysis in procedure SAS PROG GLM at the variant with repeated measurements. Results. As a result of the analysis of age-related dynamics of anthropometric parameters we invented a system of BMI (increase) trend (of the Kettle index), that make it to reveal the persons (children and adults) with excessive income of BMI in its upper limits during short time intervals. This information about a child or an adult is a subject for automatic registration and is being reported to the physician. Conclusion. The proposed method makes possible to screen the persons with excessive weight gain. As a result of physician and patients' partnership it is possible to do on-time primary and secondary prevention of excessive body weight and obesity in children as in adults

STUDY OF NEPETAE CATARIAE HERBA FRUITS AS PROMISING MEDICINAL PLANT RAW MATERIAL

Nepetae catariae herba is used in the Russian Federation as spice. The chemical compounds of herb have been studied. This plant has been introduced into the culture. There are its domestic varieties. The fruits of the plant accumulate up to 25% of fatty oil and contain specific laballenic acid, which has a wide range of antimicrobial and fungicidal actions. The yield of fruit crops is 5–6 c/ha.The aim is to study some criteria for the standardization of the quality of Nepetae catariae herb as a new medicinal plant raw material.Materials and methods. The studied fruits are from the biological collection of Federal State Budgetary Institution of All – Russia Research Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants. Binocular magnifier brand MBS-10 and Axioplan 2 imaging microscope by Carl Zeiss were used. The sample preparation was carried out according to the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation (XIV edition). Anatomical diagnostic features were studied in powder and cross section with staining reagents for the presence of some biologically active substances. Qualitative reactions were carried out with water and alcohol-water extracts from the fruits. The content of the lipid complex according to pharmacopoeia monograph 2.5.0035.15 has been determined.Results. A description of the external and diagnostic anatomical features is given. The main groups of biologically active substances and the content of the lipid complex in a possible new material – the fruits of Nepeta cataria – have been identified.Conclusion. The description of the external features of the fruit has been specified. For the first time, crushed fruits have been characterized. It has been established that the morphology of endocarp cells and seed embryo cells are best preserved in a mellow fruit. Physico-optical properties of cellular structures and the ability for basic microchemical reactions are preserved in all zones of pericarp and seeds. Qualitative reactions showed the presence of the following components in the fruits: saponins, flavonoids and a lipid complex. A dispersion composition has been studied. The yield of the lipid complex and its appearance have been determined. Fruits can be used as promising fat-oil raw materials. The results of the study can be used in drafting Pharmacovigilance Reference Document considering a promising type of medicinal plant raw material on the basis of Nepetae catariae herba fruits

Members of the family <i>Lamiaceae</i> Lindl. as sources of medicinal plant raw materials to obtain neurotropic drugs

The aim of this work is to review and analyze the data published in the modern scientific literature obtained in pharmacological, pharmacognostic and pharmacotechnological studies of various types of raw materials obtained from members of the family Lamiaceae L., which were sources of biologically active substances, pharmaceutical substances, total extracts and the drugs – with a neurotropic activity.Materials and methods. For the review, we used the information of scientific literature from open and accessible sources of the last twenty years, located in the scientific and technical libraries of institutions, as well as in electronic databases: Elibrary, PubMed, Scopus, Cyberleninka, GoogleAcademy, J-Stage. The search inquiries were: the species of the family Lamiaceae (Russian and Latin), the samples of medicinal plant materials based on them as well as the names of the drugs and biologically active substances obtained from these raw materials.Results. When working with the sources of scientific information, the main attention was paid to pharmacologic tests performed during the studies on laboratory animals and proving the presence of neurotropic activity in the studied objects – essential oils and extracts from plant raw materials: aqueous, aqueous alcoholic, and methanol ones. It has been established that the potential of the therapeutic and preventive application of pharmaceutical substances and drugs based on the medicinal plant materials obtained from 30 genera members of the Lamiaceae family, remains unrealized despite the close attention of various researchers.Conclusion. This review comprised 71 species from 30 genera. Despite the significant level of the previous study presented in the analysis of this publication, an enormous potential of this family’s species remains unexplored. In the future, they can be of both – pharmacognostic and practical interest, in particular, in creation of new medicinal preparations of the neurotropic action based on them