The assessment of environment of care in Hospital USM through in-patient satisfaction survey and ward rating audit

The assessment of environment of care in Hospital USM through in-patient satisfaction survey and ward rating audit validity. The field testing process for HCAHPS Malay version was conducted among 200 discharged patients from Hospital USM. In part two, there were two surveys conducted, first, in-patient satisfaction survey that involved 547 discharged patients in determining the patient perception on EoC, patient satisfaction level and its associated factor. Second, the ward rating audit survey as an objective assessment of physical EoC was conducted concurrently with an in-patient satisfaction survey involving 13 wards. Result: The overall content validation index (CVI) was calculated to be 0.87 and iCVI for individual items ranged from 0.8 to 1.0. The face validity index (FVI) of clarity and comprehension were 0.83 and 0.82, respectively, and the FVI universal was 0.82. For construct validity, the factor loading ranging from 0.652 to 0.961 within nine domains. The overall Cronbach alpha for the HCAHPS-Malay version was determined to be 0.84 and values for each domain ranging from 0.69 to 0.93. About three fifth of respondents were satisfied with hospital services. About 15.4% to 36.9% of the patients have positive perception level in all EoC domains. The income level of the patient and doctor–patient communication domain was significantly associated with satisfaction level with (adj. OR = 0.38; 95% CI 0.17,0.88; P =0.023) and (adj. OR = 3.23; 95% CI: 2.01, 5.19; p < 0.001) respectively. The perception score for the physical EoC comprised of cleanliness of the hospital environment was 3.11 (+ 0.94) while quietness of the hospital environment was 2.52 (+1.24). For objective measure of physical EoC, compliance of infection control had the highest mean score (4.42 + 0.40) while physical cleanliness and patient safety domain shared the lowest mean score with 3.92 + 0.51 and 3.92 + 0.83 respectively. There was a positive correlation between the perception of cleanliness and an objective measure of a cleanliness of environment (r=0.08, p value <0.05), safe environment (r= 0.14, p value <0.01), and conducive environment (r = 0.11, p value <0.01). Conclusion: This study provides an opportunity for improvement of EoC in Hospital USM especially on the social EoC as the proportion of positive perception among patient was considered low and the domain on communication with doctor was associated with low satisfaction level. Besides that, the physical EoC also need to be improved since it can be closely related with hospital infectious control and patient safety

The service quality dimension and level of satisfaction among patients attending 1 malaysia clinic in Kota Bharu, Kelantan

In Malaysia, 60% of public primary care services comprise of Public Health Clinic,Maternal and Child Health Clinic and Rural Health Clinic are located at rural area (Family Health Development Division, 2016). This is because, previously population in Malaysia were concentrated in rural area. However, for past 10 years, urbanization occurred drastically in Malaysia which leads to migration of people from rural area to the urban area. This subsequently can lead to health inequity caused by maldistribution of health service. Urbanization caused reshaping population health problems, particularly among the urban poor, towards non-communicable diseases, accidental and violent injuries, and deaths and impact from ecological disaster (Campbell and Campbell, 2007).In order to overcome this issue, 1 Malaysia Clinic was first introduced on 23 October 2009 during National Budget 2010 presentation by Prime Minister Dato’ Sri Mohd Najib Tun Abd Razak adaptation from 1 Malaysia Concept “People First, Performance Now”. The objective of 1 Malaysia Clinic is to facilitate and extend the access of healthcare services to all nations especially among low income population in urban area

Level of Satisfaction on Service Quality Dimensions Based on SERVQUAL Model Among Patients Attending 1 Malaysia Clinic in Kota Bharu, Malaysia

Objectives: Implemented in 2010, 1 Malaysia Clinic (1MC) is the latest innovation in public primary healthcare services in Malaysia to serve the urban population. This study aimed to assess the level of satisfaction and its associated factors using the SERVQUAL (SERV-service, QUAL-quality) instrument. We also sought to compare the difference of mean score between expectation and perception of SERVQUAL dimension among patients attending 1MC in Kota Bharu district, Malaysia. Methods: This cross-sectional study included all nine 1MCs in the Kota Bharu district, Malaysia, and used the validated SERVQUAL questionnaire from Ministry of Health, Malaysia. The primary data was collected in January 2017. The sample size was proportionate to the average daily patient attendance for each clinic, and a simple random sampling method was applied to reduced selection bias. Satisfaction level was determined by the mean gap score of expectation and perception of the SERVQUAL dimension. Results: A total of 386 patients were involved in this study (184 male and 202 female). Most were from the low socioeconomic group. Less than half of the patients were satisfied with the clinic services. The tangible dimension (service quality (SQ) gap: -0.25) was the most critical dimension among all five SQ dimensions assessed. The factors included low education level (adjusted odds ratio (adj. OR) 1.87; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06, 2.67; p = 0.024), monthly household income less than RM 3000 (adj. OR 2.97; 95% CI: 1.72, 5.51; p < 0.001), and frequency ≥ 3 visits (adj. OR 2.23; 95% CI: 1.44, 3.45; p < 0.001) had significant association with high level of satisfaction. Conclusion: 1MC has achieved its objective to increase the accessibility of health services among the low-income population in urban settings. However, most patients were not satisfied with certain parts of the services. Thus, proper evaluation of the service gap is required for improvement of the service

Student’s Learning Style and Achievement after Being Taught Contextually

Contextual learning combines examples taken from everyday experience. The purpose of this research is to identify whether learning contextually will improve students' achievement. A quasi-experimental design used. The engineering students were divided into contextual and non-contextual groups. The Neuro-Linguistics Programming (NLP) VAKD Preferred Representational Systems Test shows, majority of both groups use auditory digital learning styles. There is a significant difference at a significance level of .05, in the achievement test where the contextual groups performed better. The majority of the students in both groups are auditory digital learning styles, learning statistics contextually is an effective method for engineering students. Keywords: NLP VAKD, learning styles, statistics, contextual eISSN: 2398-4287© 2021. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians/Africans/Arabians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning &amp; Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v6iSI4.290

Translation, Cross-Cultural Adaptation, and Validation of the Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) into the Malay Language

Background: Patient feedback is an important tool in assessing health system quality. The Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems (HCAHPS) was developed in 2006 as a standardized instrument to assess patient perceptions in the United States of America. This study aimed to translate and validate the HCAHPS questionnaire into the Malay language in order to assess patient perceptions of health services in Malaysia. Methods: The original HCAPHS in English was translated into Malay based on the established guideline. The content validation involved an expert panel of 10 members, including patients. The face validation pilot testing of the HCAHPS-Malay version was conducted among 10 discharged patients. The exploratory factor analysis (EFA) used principal axis factor, and varimax rotation was established based on a cross-sectional study conducted among 200 discharged patients from Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia (Hospital USM). Results: The overall content validity index was 0.87, and the universal face validity index was 0.82. From the EFA, the factor loading value ranged from 0.652 to 0.961 within nine domains. The internal consistency reliability with Cronbach&rsquo;s alpha was 0.844. Conclusion: The HCAHPS-Malay is a reliable and valid tool to determine patients&rsquo; perception of healthcare services among inpatients in Hospital USM based on the content and face validation result together with a good construct validity and excellent absolute reliability. Further testing on HCAHPS-Malay version in other settings in Malaysia needs to be done for cross-validation