Quantifying Bimodality Part 2: A Likelihood Ratio Test for the Comparison of a Unimodal Normal Distribution and a Bimodal Mixture of Two Normal Distributions. Bruno D. Zumbo is

Scientists in a variety of fields are often faced with the question of whether a sample is best described as unimodal or bimodal. In an earlier paper (Frankland & Zumbo, 2002), a simple and convenient method for assessing bimodality was described. That method is extended by developing and demonstrating a likelihood ratio test (LRT) for bimodality for the comparison of a unimodal normal distribution and a bimodal mixture of two normal distributions. As in Frankland and Zumbo (2002), the LRT approach is demonstrated using algorithms in SPSS

Quantifying Bimodality Part I: An Easily Implemented Method Using \u3cem\u3eSPSS\u3c/em\u3e

Scientists in a variety of fields are faced with the question of whether or not a particular sample of data are best described as unimodal or bimodal. We provide a simple and convenient method for assessing bimodality. The use of the non-linear algorithms in SPSS for modeling complex mixture distributions is demonstrated on a unimodal normal distribution (with 2 free parameters) and on bimodal mixture of two normal distributions (with 5 free parameters)

effects of different nutritional levels on nero siciliano pig performance

It is well-known that the productive performance and the carcass and meat characteristics are influenced by genetic factors so as by different environmental conditionings. Among these, the feeding should be considered particularly for the quantitative (nutritional level) and qualitative aspects (different components of the ration) so as for the modality of administration, because of the important correlation between genotype and nutritive requirements

An analysis of running injuries at Vancouver Sun Run In Training clinics

Objective: To provide an analysis of running injuries among those participating in Sun Run InTraining clinics during 2000 and 2001. Method: Two different questionnaires were developed for InTraining clinic participants. These assessed participants’ fitness, their running routines, and their injury history. One questionnaire was administered in 2000 and the other in2001. Results: Overall, 31.6% of the 1265 respondents were classified as injured during the study period. The knee was the most frequently injured area. In 2000, one-half of injured runners had experienced a running injury in the past. In 2001, the level of rehabilitation from previous injuries accounted for 90.1% of the explained variation in our training function score (TFS), with the remainder explained by differences in self-assessed physical fitness. Conclusion: Runners who consider themselves unfit and have a history of injury should understand that they face an increased likelihood of experiencing a running injury

Phenotypic and genetic analysis of udder health using SCC in Valle del Belice dairy sheep

Intramammary infections (IMI) are a complex of inflammatory diseases which are defined as an inflammation of the mammary gland resulting from the introduction and multiplication of pathogenic micro-organisms

Investigating Causal DIF via Propensity Score Methods

A variety of differential item functioning (DIF) methods have been proposed and used for ensuring that a test is fair to all test takers in a target population in the situations of, for example, a test being translated to other languages. However, once a method flags an item as DIF, it is difficult to conclude that the grouping variable (e.g., test language) is responsible for the DIF result because there may exist many confounding variables that lead to the DIF result. The present study aims to (i) demonstrate the application of propensity score methods in psychometric research on DIF for day-to-day researchers, and (ii) describe conditional logistic regression for matched data in a DIF context. Propensity score methods can help to achieve the comparability between different populations or groups with respect to participants’ pre-test differences, which can assist in examining the validity of making a causal claim with regard to DIF. Accessed 3,183 times on https://pareonline.net from December 20, 2016 to December 31, 2019. For downloads from January 1, 2020 forward, please click on the PlumX Metrics link to the right

Ripening-induced changes in microbial groups of artisanal Sicilian goats' milk cheese.

Changes in the microbial flora of "Caprino dei Nebrodi", a raw goat's milk cheese produced in Sicily, were studied during ripening. From 2 batches of cheese, 4 samples were taken at day 0, 2, 15, and 30 of ripening. Also, samples of curd and milk used in the manufacturing process were analyzed. By the end of the ripening process (day 30), high log10 cfu/g were found for Lactobacilli (7.20), Lattococci (7.10), and Enterococci (7.00), whereas counts of Enterobacteriaceae (3.91), Escherichia coli (3.30), and Staphylococcus (3.89) were found to be lower. The study provides useful information on the microbiological properties of "Caprino dei Nebrodi" cheese, and the results obtained suggest that in order to increase the quality of this artisanal product, it is necessary to improve the sanitary conditions of milking and cheese-making. The study was intended as a preliminary step towards the isolation and identification of bacterial species found in this type of goat's cheese